This standard outlines the specifications for single-use wooden boxes intended for packaging horticultural produce weighing up to 20 kg. It details two box variants—corner post boxes secured by nails or stitching, and nailed boxes featuring raised ends with outer battens—commonly utilized for fruits such as apples, pears, and grapes. The standard is vital for producers, packers, and transporters to maintain product integrity and protection during storage and shipment.
Overview
This standard outlines the specifications for single-use wooden boxes intended for packaging horticultural produce weighing up to 20 kg. It details two box variants—corner post boxes secured by nails or stitching, and nailed boxes featuring raised ends with outer battens—commonly utilized for fruits such as apples, pears, and grapes. The standard is vital for producers, packers, and transporters to maintain product integrity and protection during storage and shipment.
Audience
Contents
Structure
This section defines the coverage of the standard including specifications for box dimensions and performance testing. It outlines the sampling plan for dimensional inspection based on lot sizes, with acceptance limits provided in a detailed table. Performance testing mandates zero defects. It also specifies information purchasers must supply at the time of order placement.
Describes two main box types: Type 1 with corner posts that may be nailed or stitched, and Type 2 with raised ends and external battens, constructed with nails. It details the construction tolerances and references figures illustrating the designs. The choice of box type depends on buyer requirements.
Focuses on the selection of appropriate timber species and moisture content limits to ensure durability. It explains the sampling plan for dimensional inspection as per lot size, with acceptance criteria. It also introduces performance testing methods essential for quality assurance.
Covers the construction guidelines for both nailed and stitched boxes, including fastening techniques such as clinching nails or stitching wires. Details the mandatory performance tests like vertical impact drop and stack load tests, as well as references for acceptable timber species.
Specifies dimensional tolerances for plank thickness and width. Defines sampling sizes and acceptance numbers for lot inspection. Emphasizes no failure allowance in performance tests, ensuring boxes meet durability and dimensional standards.
Outlines the mandatory details purchasers need to provide when ordering boxes, such as dimensions, material specs, box type, quantity, and special requirements. Reinforces the sampling and acceptance criteria for quality control.
Details the procedures for performance assessments including the vertical impact drop and stack load tests. Specifies acceptance criteria that require zero failures in these tests, ensuring boxes withstand handling stresses.
Clarifies acceptance parameters for dimensional inspection based on lot size and sample failures. Reiterates that no defects are permissible during performance testing. Provides a summary flowchart for lot acceptance or rejection.
Specifies that boxes must bear the manufacturer's name or trademark visibly. The optional ISI certification mark may be applied if licensing conditions are met, indicating compliance with the standard under ISI supervision.
Summarizes the sampling plans, acceptance numbers, and inspection methodologies to ensure consistent quality. Explains the importance of both dimensional and performance testing in maintaining product standards.
Frequently Asked
IS 9590 (1980) defines two main types of single-use wooden boxes for horticultural produce: Type 1 boxes featuring corner posts constructed by nailing or stitching (illustrated in Fig. 1), and Type 2 boxes with raised ends and external battens assembled using nails (illustrated in Fig. 2). Both are designed to provide adequate strength and protection during handling and transport.
The standard recommends several timber species suitable for producing non-returnable wooden boxes, including Fir (Abies pindrow), Maharukh (Ailanthus excelsa), Siris (Albizzia lebbeck), Chatian (Alstonia scholaris), Kadam (Anthocephalus cadamba), Upas (Antiaris toxicaria), White dhup (Canarium strictum), Toon (Cedrela toona), Lampati (Duabanga sonneratioides), Rudrak (Elaeocarpus tuberculatus), Bakota (Endospermum sp.), Banati (Lophopetalum wightiamum), Spruce (Picca smithaiana), Chir (Pinus roxburgii), Semul (Salmalia malabarica), Seleng (Sapium baccatum), and Gutel (Trewia nudiflora). Additionally, timber moisture content should not exceed 18%, and wood must be free from major defects to ensure durability.
Nailed boxes utilize clinched nails driven through battens into ends, typically featuring raised ends and exterior battens (Type 2), offering rigid and durable joints. In contrast, stitched boxes are assembled using stitching wire or staples, generally incorporate corner posts (Type 1), and provide more flexibility and quicker assembly. The fastening methods and structural elements distinguish the two types, catering to different handling and strength requirements.
Performance testing as per IS 9590 involves subjecting filled boxes to a vertical impact drop test, where each box is dropped twice from a height of one meter, following IS 7028 (Part IV)-1973. Additionally, stack load tests assess the box's capacity to bear vertical loads. Acceptance criteria stipulate no visible damage or failure during these tests, ensuring boxes withstand the stresses encountered during transport and handling.
Boxes must be clearly marked with the manufacturer's name or trademark in a visible location. Optionally, the ISI Certification Mark may be applied to indicate adherence to the standard, subject to licensing by the Indian Standards Institution. The ISI mark signifies that the product meets quality and inspection standards under the ISI's regulatory framework.
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