The 1983 edition of IS 10553 Part 2 outlines specifications for vacuum feed chlorinators employed in water treatment facilities. It details design criteria, material selection, and safety measures for chlorine dosing apparatus with capacities up to 50 kg/h, targeting professionals responsible for safe and efficient chlorination operations.
Overview
The 1983 edition of IS 10553 Part 2 outlines specifications for vacuum feed chlorinators employed in water treatment facilities. It details design criteria, material selection, and safety measures for chlorine dosing apparatus with capacities up to 50 kg/h, targeting professionals responsible for safe and efficient chlorination operations.
Audience
Contents
Structure
This section defines the extent of IS 10553 Part 2, covering specifications related to vacuum feed chlorination plants but excluding chlorine cylinder/drum handling and storage, which is addressed in Part 1. It emphasizes adherence to IS 2-1960 for rounding off test and analysis results, maintains alignment with international standards adapted to Indian conditions, and directs readers to Part 1 for installation and safety procedures related to chlorine storage.
While IS 10553 Part 2 does not explicitly define terminology with formulas or tables, it follows international standards and rounding conventions as per IS 2-1960 to ensure uniformity in interpretation. Common terms relevant to design, serviceability, strength, and safety factors are implicitly understood to align with globally accepted definitions.
This section describes the essential components and their specifications, including stop valves on each chlorine container, dual pressure gauges for cylinder and delivery pressure, filters for impurity removal, desiccator valves with drying agents, automatic rapid closing valves triggered by vacuum loss, vacuum regulating valves, flow control devices, optional automatic switching devices for continuous operation, water flow control valves, different injector types, safety non-return valves to prevent backflow, venting devices to avoid pressure build-up, evaporators for liquid chlorine handling, and diffusers for solution injection into large water mains.
The standard specifies materials for chlorine pipelines, recommending phosphorus dioxide non-arsenical and arsenical copper tubes per IS:191, and carbon steel tubes per IS:1030. It provides minimum wall thicknesses and tolerances for various diameters of copper and steel tubes. Installation and safety procedures are to conform with IS 10553 Part 1. The pipeline system is designed to maintain vacuum conditions upon commencement of water supply.
This part details materials and construction for valves and injectors, including chlorine-resistant PVC, bronze, hard rubber, cast iron, and ebonite for injector bodies, with renewable nozzles and throats. Valve diaphragms consist of Teflon, silver, bronze, or steel backed with silver or Teflon foil. It lists required valves such as stop valves, desiccator/non-return valves, automatic closers, vacuum regulating valves, and specifies injector types including fixed throat, adjustable throat, and anti-siphon fixed throat. Safety non-return valves prevent backflow of chlorine water.
This section presents key data including chlorine withdrawal rates for different container sizes and temperatures, highlighting risks of liquid chlorine freezing if rates are exceeded. It reiterates the inclusion of stop valves, pressure gauges, filters, desiccators, automatic closers, vacuum regulators, flow measurement devices, injector types, safety non-return valves, venting devices, evaporators, and diffusers in vacuum feed chlorination setups.
Guidelines for grouping multiple chlorine cylinders are provided, stipulating that when more than three cylinders are used, they must be arranged in groups allowing replacement of one group at a time to ensure operational continuity and safety. Installation and safety must conform to IS 10553 Part 1, covering handling, storage, and emergency measures, emphasizing proper ventilation, leak detection, PPE use, and routine inspections.
Key measurement and control devices include stop valves, pressure gauges for cylinder and delivery pressures, filters, desiccator or non-return valves with drying agents, automatic closing valves, vacuum regulating valves, flow measurement devices, water stop valves with measuring devices, injector types, safety non-return valves, venting devices, evaporators, and diffusers. These components ensure precise chlorine gas flow control, safety, and continuous operation.
The standard mandates devices to prevent backflow of chlorine water and to manage venting, including non-return valves to avoid reverse flow, venting devices to safely discharge excess pressure outside buildings, and automatic closers activated upon vacuum loss. The system operates under vacuum during water supply, and vent lines must discharge externally to prevent hazardous accumulation.
Evaporators are required for converting liquid chlorine withdrawn from tonne containers into gas safely, equipped with pressure reducing valves, shut-off valves, and pressure relief systems. Diffusers are used to inject chlorine water solution uniformly into main water lines exceeding 300 mm diameter or open channels, ensuring proper distribution.
Recommended chlorine withdrawal rates based on container size and ambient temperature are provided to prevent freezing of liquid chlorine. Installation and safety must follow IS 10553 Part 1. Regular maintenance and inspection ensure continued safe and effective chlorination.
Safety practices include grouping cylinders for ease of replacement, adhering to withdrawal rates to avoid freezing, following handling and storage protocols per IS 10553 Part 1, ensuring ventilation, leak detection, and emergency response preparedness including immediate isolation of leaks and use of protective equipment.
Frequently Asked
IS 10553 Part 2 recommends using Fiberglass Reinforced Polyester (FRP) for the main body in plants with chlorine supply exceeding 60 kg/h, and rigid PVC for smaller units. Internal parts contacting chlorine should be corrosion-resistant, such as silver plated brass, Monel, nickel, or silver. Injectors are constructed from chlorine-resistant PVC, bronze, hard rubber within cast iron or ebonite bodies, with replaceable nozzles and throats to ensure durability against chlorine corrosion.
The standard mandates multiple safety components: stop valves on each chlorine container connection isolate gas supply; pressure gauges monitor cylinder and delivery pressures; filters and desiccator/non-return valves remove impurities and moisture preventing corrosion; an automatic rapid closing valve shuts the system upon vacuum loss; a vacuum regulating valve maintains steady pressure; non-return valves prevent backflow of chlorine water; venting devices discharge excess pressure safely outside; and automatic switching devices enable continuous operation by transitioning between full containers. These features collectively minimize risks of leaks and backflow hazards.
IS 10553 Part 2 specifies several valves and injectors for vacuum feed chlorination: stop valves isolate chlorine containers; desiccator or non-return valves containing sulfuric acid or calcium chloride dry the chlorine gas; automatic closers (rapid closing valves) shut off flow upon vacuum loss; compensating vacuum regulating valves maintain constant upstream pressure; water stop valves control flow through injectors; injectors come in fixed throat, adjustable throat, and anti-siphon fixed throat types to create vacuum and mix chlorine with water; and safety non-return valves prevent backflow of chlorine solution, ensuring safe and controlled chlorination.
The standard recommends that no more than four cylinders be connected to a single manifold. For installations involving more than three cylinders, they should be arranged into groups allowing one entire group to be replaced at a time. This grouping ensures continuous chlorine supply and facilitates safe, manageable cylinder replacement without interrupting plant operation.
Installation guidelines specify that the chlorine solution injection line should extend approximately 1.5 meters into the receiving water tank to ensure thorough mixing and prevent chlorine gas escape. Vacuum feed chlorinators operate optimally within water pressures ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 N/mm²; if pressure exceeds 0.5 N/mm², a pump is necessary for proper dosing. Chlorine solution must be prepared onsite to match chlorine gas solubility in water, ensuring accurate dosing, efficient mixing, and safe chlorination as per IS 10553 Part 2.
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