The 1993 edition of IS 6662 outlines the appropriate timber species for the fabrication of wooden packaging materials. It details the timber characteristics such as physical strength, durability, ease of treatment, and regional availability throughout India, providing guidance for engineers and manufacturers on selecting timber for cases, battens, and internal fittings according to load type and treatment needs to ensure the packaging's robustness and longevity.
Overview
The 1993 edition of IS 6662 outlines the appropriate timber species for the fabrication of wooden packaging materials. It details the timber characteristics such as physical strength, durability, ease of treatment, and regional availability throughout India, providing guidance for engineers and manufacturers on selecting timber for cases, battens, and internal fittings according to load type and treatment needs to ensure the packaging's robustness and longevity.
Audience
Contents
Structure
This section defines the application range of the standard, focusing on the selection of timber species for manufacturing packing cases (shooks). It considers factors like contents' weight and cost, case design and dimensions, load characteristics, handling and transport methods, and storage duration. It also delineates timber availability across various Indian geographic zones: North, East, Central, West, and South. A timber selection guide table correlates content mass and load difficulty with timber strength groups (I to IV), where Group I represents the strongest timber. The section includes a flowchart summarizing the selection process to ensure optimal timber choice.
This part provides definitions relevant to wooden packaging per IS 6662, referencing standards IS 707:1976 and IS 6703:1972, along with additional terms defined within IS 6662 clauses. It explains the comparative suitability coefficient used to categorize timber species into four groups based on physical and mechanical properties, indicating their fitness for packing cases. The section clarifies that these coefficients are advisory for timber selection and do not dictate design dimensions.
Here, timber species are categorized by their suitability coefficients and average density at 12% moisture content (per IS 399:1963). Durability classifications affect preservative treatment requirements. Availability is specified by Indian zones with a detailed list of states falling under each region. Preservative treatment mandates for non-durable species and sapwood of durable timbers are outlined, with reference to IS 401:1982.
This section details timber species grouped by their comparative suitability coefficients relative to teak, alongside average densities at standard moisture content. It covers durability levels, treatability classes, resistance to seasoning defects, and workability. Availability across Indian zones is also described. Example timber species from Annex A illustrate these properties, assisting in proper species selection for packaging.
Timber species are divided into four groups according to their suitability coefficient ranges compared to teak (set at 100). Group I includes species with coefficients of 95 or above indicating highest suitability, followed by Groups II, III, and IV with decreasing suitability. The section emphasizes that these coefficients guide timber choice rather than structural design. Key timber properties such as density, durability, treatability, seasoning behavior, workability, and availability are summarized.
This portion presents tables and criteria for selecting timber species based on content mass and load type (easy, average, or difficult). It highlights the importance of timber groupings and their comparative suitability coefficients, stressing that higher group numbers correspond to more suitable timbers. Quality requirements for components, including uniform thickness, rectangular cross-section, trimmed ends, and smooth surfaces, are specified. Regional timber availability zones are also addressed to guide sourcing.
Defines load categories (easy, average, difficult) based on density, shape, and fragility of contents. It provides details on timber group selection related to mass and load type, ensuring proper strength and durability of packaging. Recommendations for packaging methods, including use of intermediate packaging for average loads, and ensuring moderate support on all container faces, are included. A flowchart summarizing timber selection for delivery purposes is provided.
Annex A contains detailed lists of timber species suitable for wooden packaging classified by strength groups, availability zones, and properties such as durability and treatability. It advises using uniform species throughout the packing case or species from the same group if multiple are used. Cross-references to IS 401 (Preservation), IS 1141 (Seasoning), and IS 6703 (Packaging terms) are given for treatment and handling procedures.
Explains the classification of loads into easy, average, and difficult categories, describing characteristics of each. It presents a table correlating content mass and load type to timber suitability groups for efficient selection. The annex includes a flowchart to assist in choosing appropriate timber species based on load parameters, facilitating safe and economical packing case design.
Describes the composition of the Timber Stores Sectional Committee (CED 33) and Wooden Containers Subcommittee (CED 33:2) responsible for formulating and revising IS 6662. It lists key members from timber industries, research institutions like FRI and IIT, packaging and defense organizations, and government bodies. The section highlights the committee’s role in ensuring comprehensive coverage of packaging needs, quality control, and compliance under BIS regulations.
Frequently Asked
According to IS 6662, timber species are categorized into four groups (I to IV) based on their suitability for packaging determined by content weight and load type. Group I timbers are regarded as the most suitable for heavy and challenging loads, while Groups III and IV are acceptable for lighter loads. Typically, Group I includes species such as Teak and Sal, Group II includes Mango and Jackfruit, Group III consists of Pine and Deodar, and Group IV includes Poplar and Rubberwood. Only one timber species per packing case should be used, or if multiple species are included, they must belong to the same group to ensure strength and durability.
IS 6662 classifies timber species by durability based on average lifespan from graveyard tests into High (≥120 months), Moderate (60 to <120 months), and Low (<60 months) durability. Treatability is categorized by the extent of preservative penetration under pressure treatment: Easily Treatable (full heartwood penetration), Treatable (usually full penetration), Partially Treatable, Refractory, and Very Refractory. Non-durable species and sapwood of durable timbers must receive preservative treatment according to IS 401:1982 standards to enhance service life in packaging applications.
The selection of timber species per IS 6662 depends primarily on the mass of contents and the load type—classified as easy/average or difficult. For loads up to 50 kg, Group IV timbers are suitable for easy loads and Group III for difficult loads; for 50 to 100 kg, Group III and II respectively; for 100 to 150 kg, Group II and I; and for 150 to 250 kg, Group I for both load types. Group I timbers provide the highest strength for heavy or difficult loads, while lower groups are used for lighter loads to optimize cost. Additional considerations include preservative treatment for non-durable species and regional availability to ensure economical sourcing.
IS 6662 specifies that ideally only one timber species should be used per packing case to maintain uniformity in strength and durability. When multiple species are necessary, they must belong to the same timber group. Mixing species from different groups within a single case is not permitted. For battens and internal fittings, the same species as the main shooks is preferred; however, an exception allows using Group III species for battens when the shooks are from Group IV, ensuring compatibility and performance.
All non-durable timber species and the sapwood of durable species require preservative treatment according to IS 6662, following the guidelines in IS 401:1982. Typically, pressure treatment methods are employed using preservatives such as creosote, crude oil mixtures, or water-soluble chemicals. The treatment approach depends on the timber’s treatability classification—ranging from easily treatable to refractory. Adequate penetration is essential to protect against decay and extend the service life of wooden packaging components.
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