Safety code of scaffolds and ladders, Part 1: Scaffolds
1987 Edition

IS 3696 Part 1 (1987) recommends using timber that is straight, sound, and free from defects such as splits, large knots, dry rot, and worm damage, conforming to IS 3629-1966 for structural timber. Ballies used for single pole scaffolds should be Class III as per IS 3337-1978, while double pole scaffolds require Class I or II ballies. For light duty timber scaffolds, the safe working load is 150 kg/m² with a maximum platform load of 300 kg, suitable for two persons with tools and materials. Detailed member sizes and spacing are specified in the standard's tables for single and double pole scaffolds, with scaffolds typically erected up to 18 meters in height.

According to IS 3696 Part 1, scaffolds require both bracing and tying to ensure structural stability. Bracing methods such as face braces or zig-zag braces must be employed since mere assembly of standards, ledgers, and transoms does not provide sufficient rigidity. All scaffolds must be securely tied to the building or adjacent structure at specified intervals to prevent displacement. For double pole scaffolds, ties need to be rigid enough to inhibit longitudinal movement, as the inner standards are generally not braced in that direction. Additional bracing is mandatory if the prescribed tie spacing cannot be maintained.

IS 3696 Part 1 defines light duty scaffolds with a safe working load of 150 kg/m² and a maximum platform load of 300 kg, intended for trades such as carpentry and painting with only one platform in use at a time. Heavy duty scaffolds support a safe working load of 300 kg/m² with loads distributed over two to three points across two working platforms simultaneously, suitable for masons, concreters, and similar heavy material tasks. These guidelines ensure safe and appropriate scaffold use depending on the nature of work.

The standard prohibits scaffold work during storms or high wind conditions, mandating that personnel avoid working on scaffolds under such weather. After storms or heavy rainfall, thorough inspections by the responsible site personnel are required to confirm scaffold integrity. Regular inspections every two weeks and before use are mandated, with immediate repair or replacement of any defective components. For scaffolds above 4 meters, stairways with uniform steps, minimum 1.0 m width, maximum 50° incline, and protective railings and toeboards must be provided. Additionally, platforms higher than 2 meters require guardrails 900 mm high to prevent falls and falling objects.

Safe and convenient access to all scaffold platforms is mandatory. For scaffolds exceeding 4 meters in height, stairways are recommended with uniform tread and riser dimensions, a minimum width of 1.0 meter, maximum vertical rise of 4 meters without a landing, and a maximum ascent angle of 50 degrees. Handrails must be installed on all enclosed sides, and railings with toeboards on open sides and landings. For long-term scaffolding, plank stairways wide enough for two people side-by-side with handrails on both sides are advised. Additionally, protective measures like enclosing spaces between toeboards and top railings and using coverings to shield against chemical hazards are recommended.