IS 128942002AI Search Enabled✦ AI Generated

Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Bricks
2002 Edition

The standard outlines essential criteria for pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks utilized in masonry works, covering their categorization, measurements, physical characteristics, and quality benchmarks. It applies to manufacturers, civil engineers, and quality inspectors to guarantee consistent quality and performance of these eco-friendly bricks made primarily from fly ash and lime.

10Sections
43Clauses Indexed
AI Search Ready
2002Edition
Building Limes and Gypsum ProductsCategory
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What This Standard Covers

The standard outlines essential criteria for pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks utilized in masonry works, covering their categorization, measurements, physical characteristics, and quality benchmarks. It applies to manufacturers, civil engineers, and quality inspectors to guarantee consistent quality and performance of these eco-friendly bricks made primarily from fly ash and lime.

Who Uses This Standard

  • Structural Engineers
  • Construction Material Producers
  • Quality Assurance Inspectors
  • Civil Engineering Professionals
  • Building Contractors
  • Material Testing Agencies
  • Environmental Specialists

Key Topics Covered

Compressive strength-based classification
Brick dimensions and permissible deviations for modular and non-modular types
Physical property requirements such as water absorption and shrinkage
Raw material specifications and manufacturing techniques
Specifications of frog sizes and brick geometry
Tests for efflorescence and durability
Sampling procedures and compliance conditions
Use of fly ash and lime in production
Marking and certification protocols
Allowed additives in brick formulation
Testing methodologies and standard adherence

Table of Contents

1Scope and Applicability

Overview of Specifications and Dimensions

Scope:
This standard includes both conventional and special sizes of pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks with an emphasis on modular coordination and bonding patterns.


Brick Size Details (Clause 5.1)

CategoryLength (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)
Modular Sizes (5.1.1)1909090
1909040
Non-Modular Sizes (5.1.2)23011070
23011030
Special Sizes (5.1.2.1)70 (one-third length)11070
23050 (half width)70

Notes:

  • Modular bricks support consistent bonding patterns and dimensional harmony.
  • Non-modular and special sizes assist in proper bond configuration.
  • Refer to figures 1A and 1B within the standard for illustrative guidance.

BIS Certification Guidelines (Clause 9.2.1)

  • The use of BIS Standard Mark is regulated by the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986.
  • Only licensed manufacturers can display the Standard Mark.
2Referenced Standards and Classifications

Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Brick Classification & Dimensions according to IS 12894

1. Strength Classification (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

GradeMinimum Average Wet Compressive Strength (N/mm²)Approximate (kgf/cm²)
3030.0300
2525.0250
2020.0200
17.517.5175
1515.0150
12.512.5125
1010.0100
7.57.575
55.050
3.53.535

2. Brick Measurements (Clause 5.1)

  • Modular Dimensions:
LengthWidthHeight (mm)
1909090
1909040
  • Non-Modular Dimensions:
LengthWidthHeight (mm)
23011070
23011030

3. BIS Marking (Clause 9.2.1)

  • BIS trademark use is subject to licensing under the BIS Act.
  • Manufacturer compliance with licensing terms is mandatory.
3Fundamental Requirements

General Requirements for Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Bricks

1. Strength Classification (Clause 4.1)

Bricks are categorized by average wet compressive strength:

GradeStrength (N/mm²)Approximate (kgf/cm²)
30≥ 30.0300
25≥ 25.0250
20≥ 20.0200
17.5≥ 17.5175
15≥ 15.0150
12.5≥ 12.5125
10≥ 10.0100
7.5≥ 7.575
5≥ 5.050
3.5≥ 3.535

2. Brick Size and Tolerance Requirements (Clause 5.1)

  • Modular Dimensions (mm):
LengthWidthHeight
1909090
1909040
  • Non-Modular Dimensions (mm):
LengthWidthHeight
23011070
23011030
  • Special Bonding Sizes:
LengthWidthHeightDescription
7011070One-third length brick
2305070Half width brick

Summary

  • Selection of brick strength class should follow the classification table.
  • Size choice depends on modular or non-modular bonding needs.
4Brick Classification Details

Classification and Size Specifications for Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Bricks

1. Compressive Strength Classes (Clause 4.1)

Bricks are categorized based on average wet compressive strength:

ClassStrength (N/mm²)Approximate (kgf/cm²)
30≥ 30.0300
25≥ 25.0250
20≥ 20.0200
17.5≥ 17.5175
15≥ 15.0150
12.5≥ 12.5125
10≥ 10.0100
7.5≥ 7.575
5≥ 5.050
3.5≥ 3.535

2. Dimensional Requirements and Surface Quality

  • Bricks must have smooth, flat faces, sharp edges, and consistent color (Clause 3.5).
  • Dimensions are measured in millimeters.

Modular Brick Sizes (Clause 5.1.1)

LengthWidthHeight
1909090
1909040

Non-Modular Brick Sizes (Clause 5.1.2)

LengthWidthHeight
23011070
23011030
5Dimensions and Permissible Deviations

Dimensions and Allowable Tolerances for Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Bricks

1. Modular Sizes (Clause 5.1.1)

Length (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)
1909090
1909040

2. Non-Modular Sizes (Clause 5.1.2)

Length (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)
23011070
23011030

3. Specialized Sizes for Bonding (Clause 5.1.2.1)

Length (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)Description
7011070One-third length brick
2305070Half width brick

4. Dimensional Tolerances for Sets of 20 Bricks (Clause 5.2.1)

Brick TypeLength Range (mm)Width Range (mm)Height Range (mm)
Modular (90 mm)3,720 to 3,880 (±80 mm)1,760 to 1,840 (±40 mm)1,760 to 1,840 (±40 mm)
Modular (40 mm)3,720 to 3,8801,760 to 1,840760 to 840 (±40 mm)
Non-Modular (70 mm)4,520 to 4,680 (±80 mm)2,160 to 2,240 (±40 mm)1,360 to 1,440 (±40 mm)
6Raw Materials and Composition

Key Material Details for Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Bricks (IS 12894)

1. Strength Classification (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

ClassMinimum Average Wet Compressive Strength
3030.0 N/mm² (approx. 300 kgf/cm²)
2525.0 N/mm² (approx. 250 kgf/cm²)
2020.0 N/mm² (approx. 200 kgf/cm²)
17.517.5 N/mm² (approx. 175 kgf/cm²)
1515.0 N/mm² (approx. 150 kgf/cm²)
12.512.5 N/mm² (approx. 125 kgf/cm²)
1010.0 N/mm² (approx. 100 kgf/cm²)
7.57.5 N/mm² (approx. 75 kgf/cm²)
55.0 N/mm² (approx. 50 kgf/cm²)
3.53.5 N/mm² (approx. 35 kgf/cm²)

2. Standard Brick Sizes (Clause 5.1.1)

LengthWidthHeightDescription
190 mm90 mm90 mmModular size
190 mm90 mm40 mmModular size

3. Non-Modular Sizes (Clause 5.1.2)

LengthWidthHeightDescription
230 mm110 mm70 mmNon-modular size
230 mm110 mm30 mmNon-modular size

Notes:

  • Compressive strength tests are conducted under wet conditions.
  • Modular dimensions support uniform masonry construction.
  • BIS certification and marking requirements apply.
7Physical Properties of Bricks

Physical Attributes of Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Bricks (IS 12894)

1. Brick Dimensions (Clause 5.1)

Length (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)Description
1909090Standard modular size
1909040Half-brick height modular
23011070Non-modular size
23011030Non-modular half-brick size

2. Strength Classification (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

ClassAvg. Wet Compressive Strength (N/mm²)Approximate (kgf/cm²)
30≥ 30.0300
25≥ 25.0250
20≥ 20.0200
17.5≥ 17.5175
15≥ 15.0150
12.5≥ 12.5125
10≥ 10.0100
7.5≥ 7.575
5≥ 5.050
3.5≥ 3.535

3. Additives (Clause 6.5)

  • Permitted additives include materials such as gypsum or cement.
  • Additives must not compromise the brick’s durability.

Summary:

  • Bricks should be selected based on modular or non-modular sizes.
  • Strength classes must be adhered to according to structural needs.
  • Additives can improve performance without affecting durability.
8Sampling and Compliance Criteria

Sampling Methods and Compliance Standards (IS 12894)

  • Sampling: According to Clause 8.1, sampling and acceptance criteria for pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks adhere to the guidelines of IS 5454, which defines sample sizes and lot acceptance rules.

  • Water Absorption Limits (Clause 12.5):

    • After 24-hour cold water immersion (tested per IS 3495 Part 2), water absorption must be:
      • ≤ 20% by mass for bricks classified up to 12.5
      • ≤ 15% by mass for bricks above class 12.5
  • Classification (Clause 4.1, Table 1): Bricks are categorized by average wet compressive strength as follows:

ClassMinimum Wet Compressive Strength (N/mm²)Approximate (kgf/cm²)
3030.0300
2525.0250
2020.0200
17.517.5175
1515.0150
12.512.5125
1010.0100
7.57.575
55.050
3.53.535

Summary: Sampling is conducted as per IS 5454, ensuring bricks meet absorption and compressive strength parameters to be accepted.

9Marking and Certification Procedures

Marking and Licensing Details for Pulverized Fuel Ash-Lime Bricks

1. Brick Marking (Clause 9.1)

  • Every brick must bear a clear and lasting manufacturer’s identification mark or initials.

2. BIS Certification Mark (Clause 9.2)

  • Bricks may display the BIS Standard Mark only if the manufacturer holds a valid license.
  • The usage of this mark is regulated under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986.
  • Licensing requirements and conditions can be obtained from BIS regional offices.

3. Strength Classification (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

Bricks are grouped by average wet compressive strength:

ClassMinimum Strength (N/mm²)Approximate (kgf/cm²)
3030.0300
2525.0250
2020.0200
17.517.5175
1515.0150
12.512.5125
1010.0100
7.57.575
55.050
3.53.535

Process Flow for Marking & Certification

flowchart TD
    A[Brick Manufacturer] --> B[Mark Bricks with ID]
    B --> C{Apply for BIS License?}
    C -->|Yes| D[Obtain BIS License]
    D --> E[Use BIS Standard Mark]
    C -->|No| F[No BIS Mark on Bricks]
    E --> G[Bricks Marketed with Certification]
    F --> G

For detailed license terms, contact the nearest BIS office.

Annex ACommittee Composition and Key Specifications

While IS 12894 does not explicitly detail committee membership, typical Indian Standard committees include:

  • Experts in brick manufacturing and quality assurance
  • Structural engineers
  • Representatives from governmental and standards organizations
  • Industry stakeholders and manufacturers

Important Specifications from IS 12894

ParameterDetails
Compressive Strength ClassesFrom 3.5 to 30 N/mm² (Table 1)
Modular Sizes (Clause 5.1.1)190 × 90 × 90 mm and 190 × 90 × 40 mm
Non-Modular Sizes (Clause 5.1.2)230 × 110 × 70 mm and 230 × 110 × 30 mm
Special Sizes (Clause 5.1.2.1)70 mm (1/3 length) and 50 mm (1/2 width)

Example Compressive Strength Classes

ClassMinimum Wet Compressive Strength (N/mm²)Approximate (kgf/cm²)
3030.0300
2525.0250
.........
3.53.535

For committee formation, refer to IS codes on standardization or relevant organizational bylaws.

Popular Questions About IS 12894

?What are the standard sizes and tolerances for pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks?

The standard dimensions for pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks are primarily modular sizes of 190 mm length × 90 mm width × 90 mm height and 190 mm × 90 mm × 40 mm, as per IS 12894:2002 Clause 5.1.1. Tolerances typically follow those set for burnt clay bricks (IS 13757), generally ±3 mm on length, width, and height, ensuring consistent fit during masonry construction.

?How is the compressive strength classification defined in IS 12894?

IS 12894 classifies pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks based on their average wet compressive strength measured in N/mm² (tested following IS 3495 Part 1). Classes range from 3.5 N/mm² up to 30 N/mm², with no individual brick allowed below 80% of the class minimum. Efflorescence ratings vary with class, requiring moderate or less for classes up to 12.5 and slight or less for higher classes.

?What are the acceptable limits for water absorption and drying shrinkage?

According to IS 12894, drying shrinkage must not exceed an average of 0.15% (tested as per IS 4139). Water absorption limits after 24 hours in cold water (IS 3495 Part 2) are ≤20% by mass for bricks up to class 12.5, and ≤15% by mass for classes above 12.5. Efflorescence levels should be moderate or less for lower classes and slight or less for higher classes to ensure durability.

?Which materials and additives are permitted in manufacturing these bricks?

The standard permits pulverized fuel ash and lime as primary raw materials, with the addition of suitable additives such as gypsum or cement, provided they do not reduce the brick's durability. Additives can improve properties like setting time and strength. Bricks must be sound, uniform, compact, and free from cracks or organic contamination, with efflorescence within specified limits.

?How does this standard ensure the durability and quality of pulverized fuel ash-lime bricks?

IS 12894 ensures durability and quality by specifying raw material standards (e.g., fly ash per IS 15648), chemical bonding through pozzolanic reactions between lime and pulverized fuel ash, and controlled manufacturing including molding and curing. Rigorous testing for wet compressive strength (IS 3495 Part 1), water absorption, efflorescence, and dimensional tolerances guarantee consistent quality. Strength results are averaged with upper caps to avoid skewing, ensuring reliable performance.

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