Method of measurement of building and civil engineering works, Part 16: laying of water and sewer lines including appurtenant items
1979 Edition

Overview of IS 1200 Part 16 Scope and Key Measurement Provisions

Scope:
Addresses the quantification of building works related to sewer, drainage, and sanitary installations.

Important Clauses:

• Clause 2.4 (Dimension Accuracy):

  • Record all measurements net as fixed with an accuracy of 0.01 m unless otherwise noted.

• Clause 2.5 (Bill of Quantities):

  • Descriptions must comprehensively cover materials and workmanship to accurately reflect completed work.

• Clause 2.7 (Measurement in Defined Stages):

  • Work is measured in two stages:
    • (a) Below the ground/datum line
    • (b) Above the ground/datum line
  • The datum or ground level must be clearly specified for each project.

• Clause 4.4 (Pipeline Testing):

  • Sewer testing is measured in running metres between manholes.

Measurement Summary Table:

flowchart TD
    Start[Start Measurement] --> Loc{Work Location}
    Loc -->|Below Ground| Depth[Measure depth from datum]
    Loc -->|Above Ground| Height[Measure height from datum]
    Depth --> Record[Record net measurement to 0.01 m]
    Height --> Record
    Record --> Test{Sewer Testing Required?}
    Test -->|Yes| MeasureTesting[Measure running metres between manholes]
    Test -->|No| Continue[Proceed with standard measurement]

This framework ensures precise and standardized measurement and billing for sewer and sanitary installations.

Summary of General Rules in IS 1200 Part 16

This section details the procedure for measuring the installation of water and sewer pipelines and associated appurtenant components.

Crucial Requirements:

• Clause 2.5: Bills of Quantities must explicitly describe materials, workmanship, and accurately mirror the executed work.
• Clause 1.1: Scope encompasses the laying of water and sewer lines and related appurtenant items.
• Clause 4.3.2: Miscellaneous items are measured according to Clause 3.4.2 which outlines detailed measurement rules.
• Clause 4.4 (Table 4.3):
  • Sewer testing is quantified in running metres between manholes.

Measurement Units Table:

Measurement Workflow:

flowchart TD
    Start[Start: Work Description] --> Identify[Identify Item Category]
    Identify -->|Water/Sewer Lines| LengthMeasure[Measure length in running metres]
    Identify -->|Miscellaneous Items| ClauseMethod[Apply Clause 3.4.2 measurement method]
    LengthMeasure --> Record[Record in Bill of Quantities]
    ClauseMethod --> Record
    Record --> Round[Apply rounding rules]
    Round --> Finalize[Finalize measurement]

Refer to the complete IS 1200 Part 16 and relevant parts for comprehensive measurement techniques and rounding procedures.

IS 1200 Part 16: Guidelines for Measuring Water Pipelines

Essential Details:

• Unit of Measurement:
  Pipes are quantified in running metres measured along their central axis between fittings or special components (Clause 3.1.1).

• Classification Criteria:
  Pipes are categorized based on:

  • Diameter
  • Material composition
  • Quality grade

• Fittings and Special Components:

  • All joints, fittings, and specials are itemized separately.
  • Pipe cutting required for jointing to fittings is considered part of the fittings' measurement.

• Beds, Benchings, and Coverings:
  Measured following IS 1200 (Part II) - Concrete Work (Clause 2.9).

• Related Standards:

  • Plumbing and drainage measurements are covered under IS 1200 (Part XIX) - 1970
  • Earthwork measurement adheres to IS 1200 (Part I)

Water Pipe Measurement Table

flowchart LR
    Pipes[Pipes] -->|Measure length| Length[Running Metres]
    Pipes -->|Classify pipes| Classify[Diameter, Material, Quality]
    Pipes -->|Between fittings| Fittings[Fittings & Specials]
    Fittings -->|Count separately| Count[Enumeration & Description]
    Fittings -->|Include cutting| Cutting[Pipe Cutting]
    Beds[Beds & Benchings] -->|Measure volume| Volume[IS 1200 Part II]

This approach guarantees transparent and consistent measurement for water pipeline installation.

IS 1200 Part 16: Sewer Pipeline Measurement Procedures

Primary Specifications:

• Unit of Measurement: Running metres along the central axis of sewer pipes.
• Classification Factors: Include
  • Diameter
  • Length of individual pipes
  • Material type
  • Pipe quality
  • Jointing technique
• Fittings and Specials: Quantified separately as extras beyond the sewer pipe length.
• Cutting and Jointing: Accounted within the fittings/specials measurement; no separate quantification.

Measurement Directives:

• Measure sewer pipes between fittings along the centerline.
• Enumerate all joints, fittings, and specials distinctly.
• Miscellaneous works such as supports, hangers, culverts, pavement cutting, and pipeline deviations are measured following applicable IS codes (e.g., IS 1200 Part 19 for plumbing).

Sewer Pipe Measurement Summary

flowchart LR
    Sewer[Sewer Line] -->|Running metres| Length[Pipe Length]
    Sewer -->|Separate measurement| Fittings[Fittings & Specials]
    Fittings -->|Includes| CuttingJointing[Cutting & Jointing]
    Sewer -->|Miscellaneous works| Misc[Supports, Culverts, Pavement]
    Misc -->|As per IS standards| ISCodes[Relevant IS Codes]

This framework ensures precise and consistent measurement for sewer projects as per IS 1200 Part 16.

Measurement and Categorization of Manholes per IS 1200 Part 16

• Depth-Based Classification (Clause 4.2.1):
  Manholes are categorized according to depth measured from the top cover to the invert of the main drain with typical ranges:

  • Up to 0.5 m
  • 0.5 m to 1 m
  • 1 m to 2 m
  • 2 m to 3 m, etc.

• Measurement Approach (Clause 4.2):

  • Detailed measurement adhering to relevant IS codes or
  • Enumeration according to depth groupings.

• Pipeline Testing (Clause 4.4):

  • Sewer testing measured as running metres between manholes.

Manhole Measurement Overview

flowchart TD
    ManholeTop[Manhole Cover Top] --> ManholeInvert[Invert Level]
    ManholeTop --> DepthCalc[Calculate Depth]
    DepthCalc --> DepthGroup{Depth Classification}
    DepthGroup --> Group1[Up to 0.5 m]
    DepthGroup --> Group2[0.5 to 1 m]
    DepthGroup --> Group3[1 to 2 m]
    DepthGroup --> Group4[2 to 3 m]
    DepthGroup --> Group5[Above 3 m]

For detailed structural and design requirements, consult IS 456 and IS 1343 regarding concrete and prestressed concrete manholes.

IS 1200 Part 16: Guidelines for Measuring Appurtenant Items

• Clause 4.3.1: Ventilating shafts, pumping mains, and other accessory items must be clearly described and quantified according to relevant IS standards.

• Measurement Approach:

  • Appurtenant components are measured via detailed description or per applicable IS codes.
  • Sewer testing is measured in running metres between manholes (Clause 4.4).

• Clause 2.3 (Item Descriptions): Each item encompasses:

  • Transport, delivery, handling, unloading, and storage.
  • Fabrication, hoisting, finishing to specified shape and dimensions.
  • Installation, fitting, fixing, straight cutting, and allowance for wastage.
  • All incidental labour and operations.

Typical Units for Appurtenant Items

Sewer Testing Length Calculation:

[ L = \text{Distance between Manhole}_1 \text{ and Manhole}_2 \quad (\text{in metres}) ]

Visualization of Sewer Testing Measurement

flowchart LR
    MH1[Manhole 1] -->|Length L| MH2[Manhole 2]
    MH2 -->|Length L| MH3[Manhole 3]

For detailed measurement instructions of each appurtenant element, refer to the respective IS standards.

Measurement of Sewer Testing as per IS 1200 Part 16

• Measurement Unit:
  According to Clause 4.4, testing is measured in running metres between manholes.

• General Testing Measurement (Clause 3.3):
  Pipeline testing is recorded in running metres unless otherwise specified.

• Bill of Quantities (Clause 2.5):
  Descriptions must fully represent materials, workmanship, and actual work performed.

Measurement Summary Table

Additional Details:

• Testing includes leak, hydraulic, and structural integrity assessments.
• Measurement excludes manholes; only the pipeline length between manholes is considered.
• Test segments should be clearly identified in project specifications.

flowchart LR
    MH1[Manhole 1] -- Running Metres --> PipeSection[Pipe Section]
    PipeSection -- Running Metres --> MH2[Manhole 2]
    style MH1 fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style MH2 fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

For comprehensive testing procedures, consult IS 1200 Part 16 and associated sewer testing protocols.

IS 1200 Part 16: Guidelines for Combining (Clubbing) Items

• Clause 2.1: Items may be combined only if their detailed descriptions correspond precisely in accordance with the standard, ensuring measurement clarity and preventing ambiguity.

• Clause 2.3: Each item description inherently includes:

  • Transport, delivery, handling, unloading, and storage
  • Fabrication, hoisting, and finishing work
  • Installation, fitting, and fixing
  • Straight cutting and allowance for waste
  • Other incidental processes

• Clauses 4.3 & 4.3.2: Miscellaneous accessory items related to the primary work may be clubbed following the methodology in Clause 3.4.2 (usually detailed in Part 1 or other relevant sections), facilitating inclusion of minor items with main components.

Practical Summary Table for Clubbing

Clubbing Process Flow

flowchart TD
    Identify[Identify Items] --> CheckDesc{Do Descriptions Match?}
    CheckDesc -- Yes --> Combine[Combine Items]
    CheckDesc -- No --> Separate[Measure Separately]
    Combine --> IncludeApp[Include Appurtenant Items if Applicable]
    IncludeApp --> Finalize[Finalize Bill of Quantities]
    Separate --> Finalize

Summary: Combining items is permitted solely when their full descriptions align, including all associated operations and accessory components, simplifying measurement and billing as per IS 1200 Part 16.

IS 1200 Part 16: Protocols for Recording Dimensions

• Clause 2.2: Dimensions must be recorded systematically following the sequence:
  Length → Breadth/Width → Height/Depth/Thickness

• Clause 2.4: All measurements are recorded net as fixed, rounded to the nearest 0.01 m unless otherwise specified.

• Clause 2.9: Measurement of beds, benchings, and coverings adheres to IS 1200 Part II (1974).

• Clause 2.5: Bills of Quantities should clearly specify materials, workmanship, and accurately represent the work.

Summary Table for Dimension Recording

flowchart LR
    Record[Recording Dimensions] --> Length
    Length --> BreadthWidth
    BreadthWidth --> HeightDepthThickness
    HeightDepthThickness --> RoundOff[Measure net, round to 0.01 m]

This ensures uniformity and precision in dimension recording for water supply and plumbing installations.

IS 1200 Part 16 (1979) – Comprehensive Item Description Guidelines

• Clause 2.3: Each item covers:

  • Transport, delivery, handling, unloading, and storage
  • Fabrication and hoisting
  • Labour for finishing to required shape and size
  • Installation, fitting, and securing in position
  • Straight cutting and allowance for waste
  • Other incidental activities necessary for completion

• Clause 2.5: Bills of Quantities must fully describe materials and workmanship and accurately reflect executed work.

• Clause 2.1: Items may be combined only if their detailed descriptions conform to the standard.

• Clause 4.3: Includes accessories and minor works related to the primary item.

Notes on Measurement and Rounding

• Numerical values are rounded following IS 1200 general rules.
• All operations are included unless specifically excluded.

Components Included in Item Descriptions

flowchart LR
    ItemDesc[Item Description] --> TransportHandling[Transport & Handling]
    ItemDesc --> FabricationHoisting[Fabrication & Hoisting]
    ItemDesc --> FinishingLabour[Labour for Finishing]
    ItemDesc --> InstallationFixing[Installation & Fixing]
    ItemDesc --> CuttingWaste[Cutting & Waste]
    ItemDesc --> IncidentalOps[Incidental Operations]

This ensures all aspects of the work are covered under each item for precise measurement and billing.

Key Points on Dimension Measurement from IS 1200 Part 16

• Clause 2.4: All measurements are recorded net as fixed with a precision of 0.01 metre unless otherwise specified.

• Clause 2.2: Dimensions should be consistently recorded in the order:

  1. Length
  2. Breadth or Width
  3. Height, Depth, or Thickness

• Clause 2.9: Measurement of beds, benchings, and coverings follows IS 1200 (Part II) - 1974.

• Clause 4.4 (Table 4.3): Sewer testing lengths are measured in running metres between manholes.

Measurement Summary Table

Practical Guidance

• Always measure net dimensions after installation.
• Maintain the prescribed dimension order to avoid confusion.
• Refer to IS 1200 Part II for detailed measurement of beds and benchings.
• Sewer testing length represents the linear distance between manholes, not surface area.

flowchart LR
    Start[Start Measurement] --> IsBedBenching{Is it Bed or Benching?}
    IsBedBenching -- Yes --> ReferPartII[Refer IS 1200 Part II]
    IsBedBenching -- No --> IsSewerTest{Is it Sewer Testing?}
    IsSewerTest -- Yes --> MeasureLength[Measure running metres between manholes]
    IsSewerTest -- No --> MeasureNet[Measure net dimensions to 0.01 m]
    MeasureNet --> DimensionOrder[Record dimensions in order: Length → Breadth/Width → Height/Depth]
    MeasureLength --> Record[Record length]
    ReferPartII --> Record
    DimensionOrder --> Record

This ensures conformity with IS 1200 Part 16 for accurate and consistent dimensional measurement.

IS 1200 Part 16: Guidelines for Bills of Quantities Preparation

• Item Descriptions:
  Items must comprehensively describe materials, workmanship, and precisely represent the executed work (Clause 2.5).

• Pipe Measurement (Clause 3.1.1):

  • Pipes are measured in running metres along their central axis.
  • Classified by diameter, material, and quality.
  • Joints, fittings, and specials are measured and described separately.
  • Cutting of pipes for jointing is included in the fittings item.

• Miscellaneous Items (Clause 4.3.2):
  Follow measurement procedures in Clause 3.4.2 (details not elaborated here).

• Beds, Benchings, and Coverings (Clause 2.9):
  Measurement follows IS 1200 Part II (Concrete Work).

Pipe Length Formula:

[ \text{Length (m)} = \sum \text{Measured along pipe centerline between fittings} ]

Sample Bill of Quantities Format:

flowchart LR
    Pipes[Pipes] --> MeasureLength[Measure length along centerline]
    MeasureLength --> CheckFittings{Are fittings involved?}
    CheckFittings -- Yes --> MeasureFittings[Measure fittings separately]
    CheckFittings -- No --> Continue[Include in pipe length]

Summary: IS 1200 Part 16 mandates explicit and separate measurement of pipes and fittings, with pipe quantities in running metres and fittings counted individually, ensuring accuracy in cost estimation documents.

IS 1200 Part 16: Guidelines for Measuring Work Under Special Conditions

Highlights from Relevant Clauses:

• Clause 2.6: Work performed under exceptional circumstances must be measured separately, including:

  • (a) In or under water
  • (b) In liquid mud
  • (c) In foul or inaccessible locations
  • (d) Subject to tidal interruptions

• Clause 2.4: All measurements are recorded net as fixed with a precision of 0.01 m.

• Clause 2.5: Bills of Quantities must fully describe materials, workmanship, and scope.

• Clause 4.3.2: Miscellaneous items are measured as per Clause 3.4.2, which provides detailed measurement protocols.

Application Notes:

• Separate measurement accounts for:

  • Increased difficulty or risk
  • Specialized equipment or procedures
  • Delays due to environmental factors (e.g., tides)

• Appropriate units (linear, area, or volume) should be applied, always using net dimensions.

Example Table for Special Condition Measurements

flowchart TD
    SpecialWork[Work Under Special Conditions] --> Water[In or Under Water]
    SpecialWork --> Mud[In Liquid Mud]
    SpecialWork --> Foul[Foul or Restricted Positions]
    SpecialWork --> Tides[Interrupted by Tides]
    Water --> NetMeasure[Measure net dimensions]
    Mud --> NetMeasure
    Foul --> NetMeasure
    Tides --> NetMeasure

Summary: IS 1200 Part 16 requires separate measurement for complex site conditions to ensure fair pricing and reflect additional efforts with precise net dimension recording.

IS 1200 Part 16: Measurement in Defined Stages

• Clause 2.7: Measurement is divided into two distinct stages:

  • (a) Below ground or datum line
  • (b) Above ground or datum line
  • The datum or ground level must be clearly defined for each project.

• Clause 2.4: All measurements are recorded net as fixed, rounded to the nearest 0.01 m.

• Clause 3.1.1: Pipes are measured in running metres along their centerline and are classified by diameter, material, and quality. Joints, fittings, and specials are counted separately. Pipe cutting for fittings is included with the fitting measurement.

• Clause 3.3: Testing lengths are measured in running metres unless otherwise specified.

Measurement Categories Summary

Workflow Diagram

flowchart TD
    Start[Start Measurement] --> Position{Is work above or below datum?}
    Position -->|Below| MeasureDepth[Measure depth from datum]
    Position -->|Above| MeasureHeight[Measure height from datum]
    MeasureDepth --> Record[Record net dimensions to 0.01 m]
    MeasureHeight --> Record
    Record --> PipeCheck{Does work include pipes?}
    PipeCheck -->|Yes| PipeMeasure[Measure running metres along centerline]
    PipeMeasure --> FittingsEnum[Enumerate fittings separately]
    PipeCheck -->|No| End[Complete measurement]

This method ensures clear and standardized measurement practices in accordance with IS 1200 Part 16.

IS 1200 Part 16 (1979): Excavation and Earthwork Measurement Protocol

• Measurement Basis: Excavation and earthwork associated with pipelines and related works are measured according to IS 1200 Part 1 (1974) (Clause 2.8).

• Measurement Stages (Clause 2.7):

  • Below ground or datum line
  • Above ground or datum line
    (Datum level must be clearly defined)

• Separate Measurement (Clause 2.6): Excavation must be measured separately if conducted:

  • In or under water
  • In liquid mud
  • In foul or inaccessible places
  • Interrupted by tidal conditions

• Bill of Quantities (Clause 2.5): Must provide clear descriptions of materials, workmanship, and scope.

Excavation Volume Formula (per IS 1200 Part 1):

[ \text{Volume} = \text{Area} \times \text{Depth} ]

For irregular shapes, average end area or cross-sectional area methods apply.

Measurement Categories Summary

flowchart TD
    Start[Begin Excavation] --> Location{Work Location}
    Location -->|Below Datum| MeasureDepthArea[Measure depth and area]
    Location -->|Above Datum| MeasureHeightArea[Measure height and area]
    Location -->|Water/Mud/Foul| SeparateMeasurement[Measure separately]
    MeasureDepthArea --> CalculateVolume[Calculate volume]
    MeasureHeightArea --> CalculateVolume
    SeparateMeasurement --> CalculateVolume
    CalculateVolume --> PrepareBOQ[Prepare Bill of Quantities]

Note: Refer to IS 1200 Part 1 for detailed methods and rounding conventions.