Method of measurement of building and civil engineering works, Part 6: refractory work
1974 Edition

Overview of IS 1200 Part 6 (1974) Scope

• Coverage: Defines standardized measurement methods for refractory work within building and civil engineering projects.
• Objective: To harmonize measurement practices for clear communication, planning, and payment processes.
• Applicability: Relevant to refractory installations in industrial, river valley, and general construction settings.
• Measurement Guidelines:
  • Adopt rounding rules as per IS 2-1960.
  • Separate measurement applies for painting finished masonry (refer to IS 1200 Part XIII).
• Trade Breakdown: Refractory work is treated distinctly for clarity in specifications.

Important Highlights:

General Measurement Principles

• Quantities are expressed in cubic meters (m³) or square meters (m²) depending on the nature of work.
• Painting work is measured separately unless indicated.
• Measurements are based on completed work dimensions.

flowchart TD
    Start[Begin Refractory Measurement] --> Measure[Take Dimensions]
    Measure --> CheckType{Is it Masonry or Painting?}
    CheckType -->|Masonry| VolumeArea[Calculate Volume or Area]
    CheckType -->|Painting| SeparatePaint[Measure Painting Separately]
    VolumeArea --> RoundOff[Apply Rounding per IS 2-1960]
    SeparatePaint --> RoundOff
    RoundOff --> Record[Record Quantities for Billing]

For further detailed instructions and specific measurement tables, consult the full IS 1200 Part 6 document.

General Rules for Measuring Refractory Works as per IS 1200 Part 6

Scope:

• Applies to the measurement techniques for refractory works in building and civil engineering structures.
• Openings or voids within the measured volume are deducted only if exceeding specified minimum areas (Clause 2.6).

Core Specifications and Procedures

• Measurement Units: Use the metric system consistently (meters, square meters, cubic meters).
• Openings Deduction: Deduct openings and voids only when their size surpasses the minimum prescribed area within the measurement.
• Rounding Off: Numerical values must be rounded in accordance with IS 2-1960, maintaining prescribed significant figures.

Summary Table

Measurement Workflow

flowchart TD
    Begin[Start Measurement] --> MeasureTotal[Measure Total Volume/Area]
    MeasureTotal --> CheckOpenings{Are There Openings/Voids?}
    CheckOpenings -->|Yes| EvaluateSize[Is Opening Larger Than Minimum?]
    EvaluateSize -->|Yes| Deduct[Subtract Opening Area/Volume]
    EvaluateSize -->|No| NoDeduct[No Deduction]
    CheckOpenings -->|No| NoDeduct
    Deduct --> Round[Apply Rounding as per IS 2-1960]
    NoDeduct --> Round
    Round --> FinalQty[Final Quantity for Billing]

References:

• IS 1200 Part 6 (1974)
• IS 2-1960 (Numerical rounding guidelines)

Guidelines on Item Consolidation in IS 1200 Part 6

1. Combining Items (Clause 2.1)

• Items can be combined if mutually agreed upon according to detailed item descriptions provided in the standard.
• This allows streamlined measurement and billing.

2. Components Included in Item Descriptions (Clause 2.4)

Each item generally covers:

• Transport, delivery, handling, unloading, and storage of waste.
• Return and disposal of packing materials.
• Provision of scaffolding, platforms, and walkways.
• Use of tools, tackles, and stacking by item.
• Opening packages and removing packing materials such as wood or straw.
• Provision of equipment, safety devices, lighting, and ventilation as necessary.

3. Dressing of Bricks and Blocks (Clause 3.1)

• Includes cutting, grinding, chipping to ensure proper joint thickness and alignment.
• Also covers dressing for expansion, sliding, and binding joints.
• Applicable to curved surfaces and arches, ensuring proper keying and curvature.

4. Deduction of Openings (Clause 2.6)

• Deductions apply only for openings exceeding minimum area thresholds within the measured volume.

Practical Considerations:

• No specific formulas are provided for item consolidation; it is procedural.
• Use detailed item descriptions to decide on splitting or combining items.
• Rounding must follow IS 1200 rules for final quantities.

flowchart TD
    Start[Begin Item Measurement] --> Combine{Should Items be Combined?}
    Combine -->|Yes| Agreement[Agree on Breakup per Standard]
    Combine -->|No| Separate[Measure Separately]
    Agreement --> IncludeAll[Include Handling, Scaffolding, Dressing]
    IncludeAll --> DeductOpenings[Deduct Openings if Applicable]
    Separate --> DeductOpenings
    DeductOpenings --> Finalize[Finalize Quantities with Rounding]
    Finalize --> End[Measurement Complete]

Summary: Items may be consolidated with mutual agreement, including all handling and dressing activities, and openings are deducted only if exceeding specified minimum sizes.

Dimension Booking as per IS 1200 Part 6

• Sequence of Dimensions (Clause 2.2): Dimensions should be recorded following the order: Length → Breadth/Width → Height/Depth/Thickness.

• Measurement Accuracy (Clause 2.3.1): All dimensions must be taken to the nearest 0.01 m (1 centimeter).

• Openings and Voids Deductions (Clause 2.6): Deduct openings only if their area exceeds the minimum prescribed size.

Typical Dimension Recording Format:

Summary of Rounding Rules:

• Round off to the nearest 0.01 m.
• If the value lies exactly halfway, round up.

flowchart LR
    Start[Begin Dimension Booking] --> MeasureLength[Measure Length]
    MeasureLength --> RecordLength[Record Length (0.01 m)]
    RecordLength --> MeasureBreadth[Measure Breadth/Width]
    MeasureBreadth --> RecordBreadth[Record Breadth/Width (0.01 m)]
    RecordBreadth --> MeasureHeight[Measure Height/Depth]
    MeasureHeight --> RecordHeight[Record Height/Depth (0.01 m)]
    RecordHeight --> CheckOpenings[Check for Openings/Voids]
    CheckOpenings --> IsLarge{Is Opening > Min Area?}
    IsLarge -- Yes --> Deduct[Deduct Opening Area]
    IsLarge -- No --> NoDeduct[No Deduction]
    Deduct & NoDeduct --> Complete[Complete Booking]

This process ensures dimension recording aligns with IS 1200 Part 6 standards for accuracy and consistency.

Measurement Essentials from IS 1200 Part 6

• Units: Measurements are taken in the decimal metric system (meters), accurate to 0.01 m (Clause 2.3.1).

• Measurement Basis: Quantities are determined on a net basis, reflecting actual work fixed in position (Clause 2.3).

• Scope: Part 6 pertains specifically to refractory work measurements.

Summary Table:

Practical Guidelines:

• Measure all relevant dimensions (length, breadth, height, thickness) according to fixed site installation.
• Express quantities in decimal notation.
• Wastage allowances are excluded unless explicitly stated.

flowchart LR
    Start[Start Measurement] --> MeasureDims[Measure Dimensions in Meters]
    MeasureDims --> Round[Round to nearest 0.01 m]
    Round --> Calculate[Calculate Net Quantity]
    Calculate --> Record[Record in Decimal Units]

This approach guarantees uniformity and precision in measurement for effective billing and quality assurance.

Specifications on Item Descriptions in IS 1200 Part 6

• Clause 2.4: Each item description encompasses:

  • Transport, delivery, handling, unloading, and waste storage.
  • Return and disposal of packing materials.
  • Provision of scaffolding, platforms, and walkways.
  • Use of necessary tools and tackles, stacking by item.
  • Opening packages and removal of packing materials like wood or straw.
  • Supply of equipment, safety devices, lighting, and ventilation where required.

• Clubbing of Items (Clause 2.1): Items may be grouped if agreed upon based on detailed descriptions.

• Bills of Quantities (Clause 2.8): Must comprehensively describe materials and workmanship, reflecting the actual scope.

• Painting Work (Clause 3.10): Painting on finished masonry surfaces is measured separately (refer IS 1200 Part XIII).

Summary Table of Included Components

Practical Advice:

Include all indirect costs such as handling, scaffolding, and safety equipment in item descriptions to prevent disputes during execution.

flowchart TD
    ItemDesc[Item Description] --> Transport[Conveyance & Delivery]
    ItemDesc --> Handling[Handling & Unloading]
    ItemDesc --> Scaffold[Scaffolding & Platforms]
    ItemDesc --> Tools[Tools & Tackles]
    ItemDesc --> Safety[Safety Appliances & Lighting]
    ItemDesc --> Waste[Waste Disposal]
    ItemDesc --> Ventilation[Ventilation Facilities]

This ensures thorough inclusion of all aspects as per IS 1200 Part 6.

IS 1200 Part 6 Guidelines on Waste and Cutting Allowances

• Clause 2.5: All measurements involving cutting inherently include consequential wastage unless otherwise specified.

• Clause 2.4: Item descriptions cover waste management such as transport, unloading, storage, and disposal of packing materials, along with scaffolding and tools.

• Measurement Precision:

  • Volume measurements rounded to 0.01 m³ (Clause 2.3.2).
  • Weight measurements rounded to 0.001 tonnes (Clause 2.3.4).

Practical Notes:

• Wastage should be considered during material estimation for cutting and shaping.
• Waste handling costs are included in the item rates; no separate wastage calculation is typically required.

Summary Table

flowchart LR
    CuttingProcess -->|Includes| WasteManagement[Waste & Disposal]
    WasteManagement --> Conveyance
    WasteManagement --> Storage
    WasteManagement --> Scaffolding

In short: Waste and cutting losses are factored into measurements and costs as per IS 1200 Part 6, ensuring comprehensive coverage of all related processes.

Deduction Procedures per IS 1200 Part 6 (1974)

• Clause 2.6: Deductions apply solely to openings and voids entirely within the measured refractory work.

• Minimum area thresholds are established; openings smaller than these thresholds are not deducted.

• Measurement System: Net measurement using the decimal system (Clause 2.3), including wastage inherently (Clause 2.5).

• Rounding: Numerical values are rounded according to standard rounding rules, usually to the nearest millimeter or decimal place.

Deduction Criteria Summary

Practical Notes:

• Deduct only openings completely enclosed within the refractory measurement.
• Confirm minimum opening size before deduction.
• Wastage and cutting losses are included in final measured quantities; no separate allowances necessary.

flowchart TD
    MeasuredVolume --> CheckOpening[Is Opening Area ≥ Minimum?]
    CheckOpening -- Yes --> Deduct[Subtract Opening Volume]
    CheckOpening -- No --> NoDeduct[No Deduction]
    Deduct & NoDeduct --> FinalQty[Calculate Net Quantity]

This approach ensures precise net quantity measurement for refractory works.

Measurement of Refractory Work Subject to Elevated Temperatures (IS 1200 Part 6 Clause 2.7)

• Refractory works exposed to hot conditions must be specified with the exact temperature range.
• Such work is measured separately from other refractory components.

Measurement Fundamentals (Clause 2.3):

• Net measurement using the decimal system.
• Based on work fixed in situ.

Bills of Quantities (Clause 2.8):

• Must detail materials and workmanship fully.
• Should represent the work scope precisely.

Measurement Procedure:

• Identify the temperature range for hot refractory works.
• Measure net dimensions (area/volume) after deductions.
• Record separately in the Bill of Quantities.

Typical Measurement Formula:

flowchart TD
    Start[Identify Refractory Work] --> HotCheck{Is Work Hot?}
    HotCheck -- Yes --> SpecifyTemp[Define Temperature Range]
    HotCheck -- No --> NormalMeasure[Measure Normally]
    SpecifyTemp --> NetMeasure[Measure Net Area/Volume]
    NetMeasure --> RecordBoQ[Record Separately in Bill of Quantities]
    NormalMeasure --> RecordBoQ
    RecordBoQ --> Execution[Proceed with Execution]

Summary: Refractory works under elevated temperatures require separate identification, measurement, and detailed reporting in BoQ for clarity and accuracy.

Key Guidelines for Bills of Quantities (BoQ) per IS 1200 Part 6

• Clause 2.8: BoQs must comprehensively describe materials and workmanship.
• Measurement System (Clause 2.3): Quantities are recorded net, in the decimal system, based on fixed work.
• Painting (Clause 3.10): Painting on finished masonry is measured separately (refer IS 1200 Part XIII).

Essential BoQ Specifications:

• Descriptions should be clear and unambiguous.
• Units must consistently use the decimal system (m², m³, kg, etc.).
• Quantities should reflect actual work to avoid disputes.
• Separate items for painting, plastering, and pointing should be listed as per relevant standards.

Sample BoQ Format:

References for Detailed Measurements:

• IS 1200 Part VIII: Steel and Iron Work
• IS 1200 Part XIII: Plastering and Pointing

flowchart TD
    BoQ[Prepare Bills of Quantities] --> DescribeMaterials[Describe Materials]
    BoQ --> DescribeWorkmanship[Describe Workmanship]
    BoQ --> AccurateMeasurement[Ensure Accurate Measurement]
    AccurateMeasurement --> UseDecimal[Use Decimal Units]
    BoQ --> SeparatePainting[Separate Painting Items]

Consult respective IS parts for detailed item measurement rules.

IS 1200 Part 6: Measurement Methodology for Refractory Works

• Scope: Defines measurement procedures for refractory and allied civil engineering works.
• Measurement Units: Work is measured net, in the decimal metric system, based on fixed installation (Clause 2.3).
• BoQ Requirements: Bills must fully describe materials and workmanship, representing the actual executed work (Clause 2.8).

Measurement Basis Summary

Additional Notes:

• Measurements exclude wastage, overlaps, or projections unless otherwise specified.
• Work is measured post-completion or at agreed intervals.
• Decimal system units (e.g., 2.35 m) must be used consistently.

flowchart TD
    Start[Begin Measurement] --> WorkType{Type of Work}
    WorkType -->|Length| MeasureLength[Measure Length]
    WorkType -->|Area| CalculateArea[Calculate Length × Breadth]
    WorkType -->|Volume| CalculateVolume[Calculate Length × Breadth × Height]
    WorkType -->|Count| CountItems[Count Actual Items]
    MeasureLength --> Record[Record Net Measurement]
    CalculateArea --> Record
    CalculateVolume --> Record
    CountItems --> Record
    Record --> BoQ[Include in Bill of Quantities]

Refer to specific IS 1200 parts for itemized measurement formulas.

Details on Components Included in IS 1200 Part 6 Measurement Items

1. Scope of Inclusions (Clause 2.4)

Each item includes:

• Transport, delivery, handling, unloading, and storage.
• Waste disposal and return of packing materials.
• Scaffolding, platforms, and walkways.
• Tools, tackles, and item-wise stacking.
• Package opening and disposal of packing materials like wood or straw.
• Use of equipment, safety devices, lighting, and ventilation where required.

2. Bills of Quantities (Clause 2.8)

• Must fully describe materials and workmanship.
• Accurately represent the work to be performed.

3. Measurement Details (Clause 3.1)

• Includes dressing bricks and blocks by cutting, grinding, and chipping to achieve proper thickness and alignment.
• Dressing for expansion, sliding, and binding joints.
• Ensures correct curvature and keying for arches and curved surfaces.

Summary Table of Inclusions

flowchart TD
    Item[Work Item] --> Handling[Material Handling]
    Item --> Waste[Waste Management]
    Item --> Preparation[Material Preparation]
    Item --> Access[Scaffolding & Access]
    Item --> Safety[Safety & Utilities]
    Item --> Special[Special Dressing]

This ensures all work aspects are covered comprehensively for measurement and billing.

Material Specifications for Refractory Works as per IS 1200 Part 6 (1974)

Key Requirements (Clauses 3.2 & 3.6)

• Materials to be described include:

  • Refractory bricks and blocks (types and technical specifications)
  • Insulation bricks and blocks
  • Mortars and powders used in laying refractory components
  • Auxiliary materials such as paper, cardboard, asbestos, mineral wool, water glass, coke pitch, carbon mass, special sands, and admixtures

• Insulation plaster:

  • When applied over refractory surfaces, it should be described separately.
  • Measured in square meters distinct from refractory bricks.

Measurement Notes:

• Thicknesses up to 0.1 m are specifically noted for measurement (Amendment No. 2).
• Bills of quantities must provide thorough descriptions to ensure clarity.

Example Material Description Table:

flowchart TD
    RefractoryWork --> Bricks[Refractory Bricks & Blocks]
    RefractoryWork --> Insulation[Insulation Bricks & Blocks]
    RefractoryWork --> Mortars[Mortars & Powders]
    RefractoryWork --> AuxMaterials[Auxiliary Materials]
    RefractoryWork --> InsPlaster[Insulation Plaster (Separate Measurement)]

Summary: The standard requires detailed specification and separate measurement of all refractory and insulation materials, mortars, and auxiliary components to facilitate precise estimation and quality assurance.

Measurement of Refractory Works in Cubic Meters According to IS 1200 Part 6

Core Guidelines:

• Unit: All refractory work is measured in cubic meters (m³) (Clause 3.3).
• Volume Includes: Mortar joints, expansion joints, and sliding joints are to be included in the volume calculation.
• Deductions: Voids or openings are deducted only if their area exceeds 0.01 m² (Clause 3.3).
• Applicable Materials: Includes castable refractory, rammed mass fillings, and loose insulation materials such as mica crumbs, slag wool, asbestos powder, fireclay, and carbon mass (Clause 3.4).
• Refractory grout: Measured based on theoretical volume to be injected (Clause 3.7).

Volume Calculation Formula:

[ \text{Volume (m}^3) = \text{Length (m)} \times \text{Width (m)} \times \text{Height (m)} ]

• Mortar and joint thicknesses are incorporated into the dimensions.
• Subtract volumes of voids or openings exceeding 0.01 m².

Additional Notes:

• For irregular shapes, divide the work into measurable geometric sections.
• Use theoretical volumes for grout measurements rather than actual filled volume.

flowchart TD
    RefractoryWork --> MeasureExternal[Measure External Dimensions]
    MeasureExternal --> IncludeJoints[Include Mortar and Joint Thickness]
    IncludeJoints --> CalculateVolume[Calculate Volume (L × W × H)]
    CalculateVolume --> CheckVoids{Are Voids > 0.01 m²?}
    CheckVoids -- Yes --> SubtractVoids[Subtract Void Volume]
    CheckVoids -- No --> NoDeduction[No Deduction]
    SubtractVoids & NoDeduction --> FinalVolume[Final Volume in m³]

This standardizes volume measurement for accurate billing and quality assurance.

IS 1200 Part 6 (1974) — Guidelines for Measuring Castable Refractory and Loose Insulation

Key Points:

• Volumetric Measurement (Clause 3.4): Volumes (in cubic meters) are used for:

  • Castable refractory works and concreting
  • Rammed mass fillings
  • Loose insulation materials including mica crumbs, slag wool, asbestos powders, fireclay mass, and carbon mass

• Measurement Formula: [ \text{Volume} = \text{Length} \times \text{Width} \times \text{Thickness} ]

• Insulation Plaster (Clause 3.6): Measured separately by surface area (square meters) over refractory surfaces.

• Material Description (Clause 3.2): All bricks, blocks, mortars, powders, and auxiliary materials (paper, cardboard, asbestos, mineral wool, water glass, coke pitch, carbon mass, special sands, admixtures) must be fully specified.

Measurement Units Summary:

flowchart TD
    Start[Begin Refractory/Insulation Work] --> IdentifyMaterial{Material Type?}
    IdentifyMaterial -->|Castable/Refractory| MeasureVolume[Measure Volume (m³)]
    IdentifyMaterial -->|Rammed Mass| MeasureVolume
    IdentifyMaterial -->|Loose Insulation| MeasureVolume
    IdentifyMaterial -->|Insulation Plaster| MeasureArea[Measure Area (m²)]
    MeasureVolume --> DescribeMaterials[Fully Describe Materials]
    MeasureArea --> DescribeMaterials

Note: Detailed material descriptions and thickness specifications are essential for accurate measurement and cost estimation as mandated by IS 1200 Part 6.