bitumen mastic acid-resisting grade

IS 9510: Scope - Key Specifications & Tables

Scope:
IS 9510 covers the specifications for bitumen mastic used in road construction, emphasizing material properties, grading, and composition.

1. Bitumen Physical Properties (Table 1)

2. Grading of Fine Aggregates (Table 2)

3. Size of Coarse Aggregates (Table 3)

4. Percentage of Coarse Aggregates by Layer Thickness (Table 4)

| Layer Thickness | % Coarse Aggregates (by mass of total mastic) | |

IS 9510: Key Definitions & Specifications Summary

• Definitions: Refer to IS 334-1965 for all terms related to bitumen mastic.

Table 1: Physical Properties of Bitumen (Clause 3.1)

Table 2: Grading of Fine Aggregates (Clause 3.2.2)

Table 3: Size of Coarse Aggregates (Clause 3.2.3)

Table 4: Percentage of Coarse Aggregates by Layer Thickness (Clause 5.2)

IS 9510 Key Specifications for Materials

1. Bitumen Properties (Clause 3.1, Table 1)

Typical binders: Grades 90/15, 75/15, 135/10 per IS:702-1961.

2. Grading of Fine Aggregates (Clause 3.2.2, Table 2)

3. Size of Coarse Aggregates (Clause 3.2.3, Table 3)

4. Coarse Aggregate Content by Layer Thickness (Clause 5.2, Table 4)

IS 9510: Preparation of Bitumen Mastic – Key Tables & Specifications

1. Grading of Fine Aggregates (Clause 3.2.2)

2. Size of Coarse Aggregates (Clause 3.2.3)

3. Percentage of Coarse Aggregates by Layer Thickness (Clause 5.2)

4. Composition of Bitumen Mastic (Excluding Coarse Aggregates)

Summary Formula for Bitumen Mastic Mix:

• Total Mastic = Coarse Aggregates + Fine Aggregates + Bitumen
• Adjust coarse aggregate % based on layer thickness.

IS 9510: Composition of Bitumen Mastic - Key Tables & Specifications

1. Coarse Aggregate Content (Table 4)

2. Composition of Bitumen Mastic Excluding Coarse Aggregates (Table 5)

3. Grading of Fine Aggregates (Table 2)

4. Size of Coarse Aggregates for Bitumen Mastic (Table 3)

IS 9510: Properties & Specifications of Bitumen Mastic

Key Composition Tables

Table 4: Percentage of Coarse Aggregates by Mass of Total Mastic

Table 5: Composition of Bitumen Mastic (Excluding Coarse Aggregates)

Analysis Method

• Bitumen mastic analysis as per Appendix A of IS 9510.

Summary:

• Coarse aggregate content depends on mastic thickness.
• Bitumen content ranges between 13-18% by mass.
• Aggregate gradation is critical for durability and acid resistance.

For detailed testing procedures and physical property requirements, refer to Appendix A and the acid-resisting grade specifications within IS 9510.

IS 9510: Sampling and Criteria for Conformity

Sampling Procedure (Clause 7.2.1)

• Collect five increments from the lot.
• Mix thoroughly at 150 to 250°C.
• Float mixture on iron plate to thickness ≥ 25 mm.
• Loosen warm specimen and take a representative portion ≥ 10 kg.
• Forward sample with details for lab testing.

Criteria for Conformity (Clause 7.4)

• The lot conforms if the laboratory sample passes all specified tests.

Table 6: Guidelines for Acid-Resistant Bitumen Mastic (Clause 6.2.2)

Legend:

• VG: Very Good
• F: Fair
• P: Poor
• VP: Very Poor
• R: Recommended
• RL: Recommended Limited Use
• NR: Not Recommended

Notes:

• Final test results should be rounded per IS 2-1960.
• Agreement between user and supplier is essential (Clauses 6.1 & 6.2).

IS 9510: Marking and Storage Key Points

Marking (Clause 8.1 & 8.2)

• Blocks must be cast with:
  • Date of manufacture
  • Manufacturer’s name
• ISI Certification Mark:
  • May be marked on each block.
  • Use governed by Indian Standards Institution (Certification Marks) Act.
  • Indicates compliance with IS standards and quality control.

Storage

• No explicit storage conditions detailed, but proper identification and marking are mandatory for traceability.

Labelling (Clause 7.5)

Specimens must be labeled with:

• Authority name & address
• Sample number
• Material, binder, aggregate types
• Relevant specifications
• Mixing plant details
• Dates (mixing, laying, sampling)
• Site and position of sample
• Number & thickness of courses
• Foundation & surface treatment nature
• Tests required

Table: Acid Resistance of Bitumen Mastic (Table 6, Clause 6.2.2)

Summary Diagram: Marking & Storage Flow

flowchart TD
    A[Manufacture of Bitumen Blocks] --> B[Cast into Blocks]
    B --> C

IS 9510 Key Formulas and Tables for Binder Content & Fine Aggregates

1. Binder Content Calculation (Clause 4.2.1, A-4.2.1)

[ \boxed{ B% = 100 \times \frac{W_1 - (W_2 + W_3)}{W_1} } ]

• W₁ = Mass of sample (g)
• W₂ = Mass of recovered aggregate (g)
• W₃ = Mass of residue after solvent evaporation (g)

2. Grading of Fine Aggregates (Clause 3.2.2, Table 2)

3. Coarse Aggregates Size & Percentage (Clause 3.2.3, Table 3)

4. Coarse Aggregate % in Bitumen Mastic (Clause 5.2, Table 4)

IS 9510: Method for Determining Hardness Number

Key Definitions (Appendix B, Clause 1.1)

• Hardness Number (HN) = Depth of penetration (in hundredths of cm, 0.01 cm)
• Indentor: Flat-ended steel rod, 6.35 mm diameter
• Load: 317 N (31.7 kgf) applied for 1 minute at 35 ± 0.5°C
• Load pressure = 10 N/mm² (100 kgf/cm²)

Test Procedure (Clause B-3.1.5)

• Test points ≥ 25 mm apart and ≥ 25 mm from edges
• Take at least 5 readings
• Reject any reading differing by > 2 HN units from mean
• If fewer than 4 valid readings remain, discard sample and retest

Duplicate Determinations (Clause 5.1)

• If difference between duplicates > 0.4, discard and repeat test
• Otherwise, report individual and mean values

Apparatus (Clause B-2.1)

• Includes yoke, weights, indentor spindle, calibrated dial, heater, thermostat
• Load applied via lever mechanism to ensure 317 N load

Summary Table: Hardness Number Calculation

flowchart TD
    A[Start Test] --> B[Prepare Sample]
    B --> C[Apply Load (317 N) for 1 min at 35°C]
    C --> D[Measure Penetration Depth]
    D --> E[Calculate Hardness Number (Depth × 100)]
    E --> F{Take 5 Readings}
    F --> G[Check Readings > 2 units from mean?]
    G -- Yes --> H[Reject Outliers]
    G -- No --> I[Calculate Average HN]
    H --> I
    I --> J{Valid Readings ≥ 4?}
    J

IS 9510: Method for Determining Acid Resistance of Bitumen Mastic

Key Points from Clause 6.2 & Appendix C

• Test Specimens: Subjected to acid solutions of user-specified concentration.
• Observations: Check for mass change, surface cracks, loss of gloss, etching, pitting, softening.
• Mass Change: ±1% maximum permissible change at test end.
• Hardness Testing: At least 5 readings, 25 mm apart and from edges; discard outliers >2 units difference.

Table 6: Acid Resistance Performance & Recommendations

Summary of Procedure (Appendix C)

• Prepare specimen thickness ≥ 25 mm at 150–250°C.
• Immerse in acid solution for specified duration.
• Measure mass change, observe surface.
• Average hardness readings (5 points, min 25 mm apart).

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare specimen (≥25 mm thick

IS 9510: Method for Determining Solubility of Aggregates in Hydrochloric Acid (Appendix D)

Procedure Summary (Clause D-1.1)

1. Sample Preparation:

   • Dry ~2.5 g aggregate dust at 160°C to constant mass.
   • Weigh 1 g dried sample in a 250 ml beaker.

2. Acid Treatment:

   • Add 10 ml HCl (sp. gr. 1.19) + 50 ml distilled water.
   • Stir and observe effervescence (indicates carbonates).
   • If sample dissolves completely, test ends.
   • If insoluble, boil for 15 minutes.

3. Filtration & Weighing:

   • Filter residue through tared Gooch filter.
   • Wash, ignite, cool, and weigh residue.
   • Calculate % soluble as loss in mass.

Key Specification (Clause 3.3.4)

• Solubility limit: Aggregates must have ≤ 5% soluble matter in HCl by mass.

Formula for % Solubility:

[ \text{Solubility (%)} = \frac{W_1 - W_2}{W_1} \times 100 ]

• (W_1) = Initial dry mass of sample (g)
• (W_2) = Mass of insoluble residue after test (g)

Notes:

• Effervescence = presence of carbonates.
• Heating ensures complete reaction.
• Use Gooch filter for accurate residue collection.
• Drying at 160°C removes moisture and absorbed solvent.

flowchart TD
    A[Dry Sample at 160°C] --> B[Weigh 1 g Sample]
    B --> C[Add 10 ml HCl + 50 ml Water]
    C --> D[Stir & Observe Effervescence]
    D -->|Complete Dissolution| E[Report Solubility = 100%]
    D -->|Insoluble Residue| F[Boil 15 min]
    F --> G[Filter Residue]
    G --> H[Ignite & Weigh Residue]
    H --> I[Calculate % Solubility]

This method ensures quality control of aggregates by limiting acid-soluble impurities affecting durability.