Code of Practice For Design Loads (Other Than Earthquake)For Buildings And Structures, Part 1: Dead Loads - Unit Weights of Building Material And Stored Materials (Incorporating IS 1911: 1967)

IS 875 (Part 1) - 1987: Foreword Key Highlights

• Scope: Specifies unit weights of building materials, parts, and components for load calculations.
• Purpose: Provides standard values for dead loads in structural design.
• Materials Covered: Includes concrete, steel sections, bricks, tiles, timber, pipes, insulation, etc.
• Unit Weights Table: Essential for calculating dead loads, e.g.,

• Steel Sections: Refer IS 808 series for dimensions; weights given for beams (MB series), columns (SC series), channels (MC series), and angles (ISA series).
• Application: Use these weights directly in load calculations for structural safety and serviceability.

Typical Dead Load Calculation Formula

[ \text{Dead Load} = \text{Unit Weight} \times \text{Volume/Area} ]

Example: Steel Beam Dead Load

flowchart TD
    A[IS 875 Part 1] --> B[Unit Weights of Materials]
    B --> C[Building Materials]
    B --> D[Building Components]
    C --> E[Concrete, Steel, Bricks, Timber, Pipes]
    D --> F[Ceilings, Roofing, Flooring, Walling]
    E --> G[Dead Load

IS 875 (Part 1) - 1987: Scope Summary

• Scope: Specifies unit weights of building materials and components for structural load calculations.
• Materials Covered: Includes steel sections (beams, columns, channels, angles), concrete, bricks, pipes, sheeting, soil, aggregates, and miscellaneous materials.
• Application: Used for dead load estimation in structural design.

Key Specifications & Tables

1. Unit Weight of Steel Sections (Table 1 excerpt)

2. Unit Weight of Building Materials (Typical values)

Important Notes

• Steel sections as per IS 808 (Parts 1-5).
• Pipe weights vary by material and size (see IS 1626, IS 1592, IS 1230).
• Use these unit weights for calculating dead loads in structural analysis.

Formula for Dead Load Calculation

[ \text{Dead Load} = \text{Unit Weight} \times \text{Volume} ]

Where:

• Unit Weight = from IS 875 Part 1 tables (kN/m³ or kN/m)
• Volume = Cross-sectional area × length (m³ or m)

flowchart TD
    A[IS 875 Part 1] --> B[Unit Weights of Materials]
    B --> C[Steel Sections]
   

IS 875 (Part 1) - 1987: Building Materials Key Data

1. Unit Weights of Common Building Materials (from Table 1 & 2)

2. Important Notes:

• Weights are vertical loads; for roofs, multiply by cos(roof angle) to get load normal to roof.
• Refer to IS 6072 for autoclaved cellular concrete wall slabs.
• Table 1 lists unit weights of individual materials alphabetically.
• Table 2 lists weights of building components or assemblies.
• Use these weights for load calculations in structural design.

3. Application Formula:

To find load per unit area (kN/m²): [ \text{Load} = \text{Thickness (m)} \times \text{Unit weight (kN/m}^3) ]

flowchart TD
    A[Building Materials] --> B[Unit Weights]
    B --> C[Roof Finishes]
    B --> D[Walling]
    B --> E[Partitions]
    C --> F[Bitumen Macadam, Felt Roofing]
    D --> G[Brick Masonry, Concrete Blocks]
   

IS 875 Part 1 — Stored Materials: Key Data Summary

Appendix A: Unit Weights & Angle of Friction for Stored Materials

Usage Notes:

• Weight/mass values are essential for

IS 875 Part 1: Store and Miscellaneous Materials - Key Points

1. Unit Weights for Dead Load Calculations

• Appendix A provides unit weights of store and miscellaneous materials for dead load estimation.
• Weights are expressed in kN/m² or kg/m² depending on material thickness and type.

2. Examples of Unit Weights (from Table 2 & Appendix A)

3. Notes:

• For roof materials, weights normal to roof surface = vertical weight × cos(roof angle).
• Refer to IS 6072 for autoclaved cellular concrete wall slabs.
• For fixtures and fittings, refer to relevant Indian Standards.

Formula to convert vertical load to roof normal load:

[ W_{normal} = W_{vertical} \times \cos \theta ]

where:

• ( W_{normal} ) = load normal to roof surface
• ( W_{vertical} ) = vertical load on horizontal projection
• ( \theta ) = roof slope angle

This data is essential for accurate dead load estimation in structural design per IS 875 Part 1.

IS 875 Part 1 - Metals and Alloys: Key Data Summary

1. Unit Weight of Metals and Alloys

• Sheet weights:
  • Aluminium: ~0.028 kN/m² per mm thickness
  • Copper: ~0.09 kN/m² per mm thickness

2. Specifications and Notes

• Weights are nominal values for design calculations.
• Used for dead load estimations in structural design.
• Refer IS 875 Part 1 Table 1 for detailed unit weights of other materials.

Formula for Weight Calculation of Metal Sheets:

[ \text{Weight} = \text{Thickness (mm)} \times \text{Unit weight per mm (kN/m}^2) ]

Visual Summary (Mer

IS 875 Part 1 (1987) provides unit weights and angle of friction for textiles, paper, and allied materials under Clause 8 and Table 4 (Store and Miscellaneous Materials):

Key Unit Weights and Angles of Friction

Notes:

• Angle of friction is generally not specified for these materials.
• Use these values for load calculations and storage design involving these materials.
• Unit weights are essential for determining dead loads and stacking pressures.

flowchart TD
    A[Textiles, Paper & Allied Materials] --> B[Unit Weight (kN/m³)]
    A --> C[Weight (kg/m³)]
    A --> D[Angle of Friction (°)]
    B --> E{Used for}
    C --> E
    D --> E
    E --> F[Load Calculations]
    E --> G[Storage Design]

This concise data aids structural engineers in safe design for storage and handling of these materials per IS 875 Part 1.

IS 875 (Part 1) - Fuels: Key Specifications

Notes:

• Weight/Mass is crucial for load calculations in storage structures.
• Angle of friction helps estimate lateral earth pressure for fuel stacks.
• Values vary with moisture and compaction.
• Use these values for designing storage and support structures to ensure safety and stability.

flowchart TD
    A[Fuels Storage] --> B[Calculate Load]
    B --> C[Use Unit Weight (kN/m³)]
    B --> D[Consider Angle of Friction (°)]
    C --> E[Design Structural Supports]
    D --> E

For detailed design, refer to IS 875 (Part 1) tables for specific fuels and conditions.

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IS 875 (Part 1) - 1987: Pipes, Gutters & Sheeting Key Data

1. Pipes Unit Weights (Clause 15.70, Table 1 excerpt)

2. Sheeting & Gutters (Clause 5.54, Table 2 excerpt)

• Galvanized Iron Sheet: Weight approx. 0.15 kN/m² (15 kg/m²)
• Asbestos Cement Sheeting: Refer to IS for specific weights.
• Terrazzo Paving: 0.24 kN/m² (24 kg/m²)
• Tiles (Mangalore, Allahabad, Country): Vary 2-3 kg/tile depending on type.

3. Important Notes:

• Weights given are unit weights (kN/m or kN/m²) for design load calculations.
• For pipes, lengths are typically 1.5m or 1.8m with socket.
• Roof finish weights must be multiplied by cosine of roof angle to get normal load.

Formula for Load on Roof Sheeting (IS 875 Part 1):

[ W_n = W_v \times \cos \theta ] Where:

• (W_n) = Load normal to roof surface
• (W_v) = Vertical load (unit weight × area)
• (\theta) = Roof slope angle

For detailed design, refer to IS codes specific to materials:

• IS 1626:

IS 875 Part 1 — Unit Weight Tables

The code provides essential unit weights for load calculations:

1. Table 1: Unit Weight of Building Materials

• Lists unit weights (mass per volume) of individual materials (e.g., concrete, bricks, steel, timber) in kN/m³ or kg/m³.
• Used for calculating dead loads of structural elements.

2. Table 2: Unit Weights of Building Parts/Components

• Gives typical unit weights for assemblies like walls, floors, roofs, including finishes and components.
• Useful for composite load estimations.

3. Appendix A: Unit Weights of Stored Materials

• Specifies unit weights and internal friction angles for materials stored in buildings (e.g., grains, coal).
• Important for live load and lateral pressure calculations.

Example: Typical Unit Weights (approximate values)

Usage in Load Calculation:

[ \text{Dead Load} = \text{Unit Weight} \times \text{Volume} ]

flowchart LR
    A[Material Type] --> B[Unit Weight from Table 1]
    B --> C[Calculate Dead Load]
    A --> D[Building Component]
    D --> E[Unit Weight from Table 2]
    E --> C
    F[Stored Material] --> G[Unit Weight & Friction Angle from Appendix A]

Summary: Use Table 1 for raw materials, Table 2 for components, and Appendix A for stored materials to determine accurate dead and live loads in structural design.

IS 875 Part 1: Angles of Friction for Stored Materials

Key points from Clause 18.85 and Appendix A:

• The angle of friction (φ) is essential for designing storage structures and assessing lateral earth pressure from stored materials.
• Angles vary by material type; typical range: 20° to 45°.
• Unit weights (γ) are also provided for load calculations.

Sample Table Extract (Angle of Friction, φ in degrees)

Usage Notes:

• Use angle of friction to calculate lateral pressure by Coulomb or Rankine earth pressure theories.
• For stored granular materials, lateral pressure ( P = \gamma H K_a ), where ( K_a ) depends on φ.

Formula for Active Earth Pressure Coefficient ( K_a ):

[ K_a = \tan^2 \left( 45^\circ - \frac{\phi}{2} \right) ]

Where:

• ( \phi ) = angle of internal friction (degrees)

Summary:

• Refer IS 875 Part 1 tables for unit weight and angle of friction for specific materials.
• Use these values in storage structure design for safe and economical load calculations.

flowchart

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IS 875 Part 1 (1987) primarily deals with Dead Loads on structures, providing unit weights and specifications for various materials and components.

Key Specifications & Tables (from IS 875 Part 1):

• Unit Weights of Materials (Clause 45-55, Pages 17-28)
  • Soils, gravels, steel sections, stone, tar, coal, thermal insulation, terra cotta, terrazzo, tiles, timber, water, wood-wool slabs.
• Unit Weights of Building Parts/Components (Table 2, Pages 29-31)
  • Ceilings, plain & reinforced cement concrete, damp-proofing, earth filling, finishing, flooring, roofing, walling.
• Unit Weights of Store & Miscellaneous Materials (Appendix A, Pages 32-37)
  • Agricultural products, chemicals, fuels, manures, metals, ores, textiles, paper.

Important Notes:

• No direct formulas for Right to Information or Copyright are given in IS 875 Part 1.
• The code promotes transparency by making these unit weights publicly accessible.
• For dead load calculations, use:

[ \text{Dead Load} = \text{Unit Weight} \times \text{Volume} ]

Example Table Extract (Unit Weights of Common Materials):

Summary:

• IS 875 Part 1 provides unit weights essential for dead load calculations.
• It supports Right to Information by openly publishing these values.
• No copyright or RTI formulas are included; these are legal frameworks outside this technical standard.

flowchart LR
    A[IS 875 Part 1] --> B[Unit Weights of Materials]
    A --> C[Unit Weights of Building Components]
    A --> D[Unit Weights of Miscellaneous Materials]
    B --> E[Dead Load Calculation]
    C --> E
    D --> E

IS 875 Part 1 (1987) - Amendments & Revisions Summary

• Amendment No. 1 (Dec 1997): Revised unit weights of building and stored materials.
• Rounding Off: All values comply with IS 2:1960 for rounding numerical data.
• Key Reference: Earthquake resistant design criteria (third revision) influences load considerations.
• Schedule of Unit Weights: Updated table lists standard unit weights (kN/m³) for materials like concrete, steel, bricks, soil, etc.

Important Specifications:

Rounding Rule (IS 2:1960):

• Values rounded to 3 significant digits or as specified.
• Ensures consistency in load calculations.

flowchart LR
    A[IS 875 Part 1: Dead Loads] --> B[Unit Weights Table]
    B --> C[Material Properties]
    A --> D[Amendment 1997]
    D --> E[Revised Unit Weights]
    A --> F[Rounding Rules (IS 2:1960)]

Use this amendment to ensure accurate dead load values and consistent rounding in structural design.