Specification for the controlled percolating hose for firefighting

IS 8423: Scope & Key Specifications Summary

Scope:

• Covers Controlled Percolating Hose for firefighting.
• Used where some water percolation is essential to prevent scorching on hot surfaces.
• Focus on performance characteristics, allowing manufacturing flexibility.

Sampling & Conformity (Clause 1.2, Annex A)

• Tests for conformity are conducted per lot.
• Sampling size increases with lot size to ensure quality.

Percolation Limits (Clause 8.1, Table 2)

• Percolation tested as per clause 8.1.1.
• Ensures hose allows controlled water seepage to prevent scorching.

Notes:

• Standard Mark usage governed by BIS Act 1986 (Clause 16.3.1).
• Amendments updated pressure and testing durations (e.g., 10 kgf/cm² pressure, 5 minutes test).

flowchart LR
    A[Lot of Hoses] --> B[Sampling as per Table]
    B --> C{Sample Size}
    C -->|Acceptable| D[Conformity Confirmed]
    C -->|Rejected Samples > Allowed| E[Lot Rejected]
    D --> F[Percolation Test]

IS 8423:1994 Key References & Tables

1. Sampling Scale (Clause 1.2, Table 3)

• Sampling is done per lot.
• The number of hoses selected depends on lot size.

2. Percolation Limits (Clause 8.1, Table 2)

• Percolation test ensures leakage limits.
• Tested as per Clause 8.1.1 procedure.

Summary

• Use Table 3 for sampling size based on lot length.
• Use Table 2 for allowable percolation limits by nominal diameter.
• Sampling and percolation tests ensure quality compliance of hoses.

If you need detailed test procedures or formulas for percolation, let me know!

IS 8423: Terminology & Key Specifications for Controlled Percolating Hose

Controlled Percolating Hose:
Used where controlled water leakage (percolation) prevents scorching over hot surfaces without causing damage.

Key Tables & Formulas

1. Sampling Scale (Lot Size vs Sample Size)

2. Percolation Limits (litres)

Notes:

• Percolation is tested as per Clause 8.1.
• Sampling ensures lot conformity.
• Pressure test updated to 10 kgf/cm² for 5 minutes (Clause 12).
• Pinholes are critical defects to monitor.

flowchart TD
    A[Lot Size] --> B[Sample Size Selection]
    B --> C[Testing for Percolation]
    C --> D{Percolation Limits}
    D -->|Within Limits| E[Lot Accepted]
    D -->|Exceeds Limits| F[Lot Rejected]

This ensures quality control balancing fire resistance and controlled leakage per IS 8423.

IS 8423: Dimensions and Tolerances Summary

Key Specifications:

• Internal Diameter Tolerance (Clause 4.1.1):
  Measured with a tapered plug gauge, the internal diameter must be within:
  Specified Diameter ± 2.0 mm

• Dimensional Stability (Clause 14.2):
  Change in diameter and length after testing (Clause 14.1) shall not exceed:
  ±10%

Sampling & Conformity (Clause 1.2 & Table 3):

• Samples are checked for diameter, length, coil diameter, mass, and general requirements.
• Any defect in these parameters marks the sample as defective.

Visual: Dimension Tolerance Check Flow

flowchart TD
    A[Measure Internal Diameter] --> B{Within ±2.0 mm?}
    B -- Yes --> C[Pass Diameter Tolerance]
    B -- No --> D[Reject Sample]
    C --> E[Test for Dimensional Stability]
    E --> F{Change ≤ 10%?}
    F -- Yes --> G[Pass Stability Test]
    F -- No --> D

This ensures hoses meet strict dimensional and quality control per IS 8423.

IS 8423: Key Specifications for Length of Hose

Length of Hose (Clause 5.1)

• Standard hose length = 30 m, or as otherwise required.

Coil Diameter (Clause 6.1)

• When machine coiled, 30 m hose coil diameter ≤ 45 cm (dry state, without coupling).
• Coil diameter measured at the widest part of the coil.

Sampling for Length Conformity (Clause 1.2 & Table 3)

Mass per Metre of Hose (Clause 7.1 & Table 1)

Summary

• Length: 30 m standard.
• Coil Diameter: Max 45 cm for 30 m hose.
• Sampling: Based on lot size per Table 3.
• Mass: Max mass varies with diameter (see Table 1).

flowchart LR
    A[Hose Length] -->|Standard| B[30 m]
    A -->|Custom| C[As Required]
    B --> D[Coil Diameter ≤ 45 cm]
    D --> E[Measured at widest coil part]
    A --> F[Sampling per Lot Size]
    F --> G[Sample Size per Table 3]
    A --> H[Mass per Metre]
    H --> I[Max mass per Table 1]

This concise summary aligns with IS 8423 clauses for hose length, coil diameter, sampling, and mass.

IS 8423 - Key Specifications for Coil Diameter (Machine Coiled Hose)

• Clause 6.1:

  • For a 30 m hose length, the maximum coil diameter after machine coiling shall not exceed 45 cm (450 mm).
  • Applies to all hose sizes in the dry state without coupling.
  • Measurement is taken at the widest part of the coil.

• Additional Relevant Specs:

  • Internal Diameter Tolerance (Clause 4.1.1): ±2.0 mm measured by tapered plug gauge.
  • Hose length standard: 30 m or as required (Clause 5.1).

Summary Table for Coil Diameter

graph LR
A[Machine Coiled Hose] --> B{Measure Coil Diameter}
B --> C[Max 450 mm for 30 m hose]
B --> D[Measure at Widest Part]

This ensures easy handling and storage while maintaining hose flexibility and integrity.

IS 8423: Mass of Hose per Metre (Clause 7.1)

• Conditioning for Mass Measurement:
  Hose samples must be conditioned at 27 ± 2℃ and 65 ± 5% RH for at least 48 hours before weighing.

• Maximum Average Mass per Metre (Table 1):

Additional Relevant Specifications:

• Hose Length (Clause 5.1):
  Standard length is 30 m or as required.

• Coil Diameter (Clause 6.1):
  When machine coiled, a 30 m hose coil diameter must not exceed 45 cm (dry state, no coupling).

Summary Formula for Mass Check:

[ \text{Average Mass per metre} = \frac{\text{Mass of conditioned sample}}{\text{Length of sample (m)}} ]

Ensure this is ≤ max value from Table 1 for the nominal diameter.

flowchart TD
    A[Hose Sample] --> B[Condition at 27±2℃ & 65±5% RH for 48h]
    B --> C[Weigh Sample]
    C --> D[Calculate Mass per metre]
    D --> E{Is Mass ≤ Max from Table 1?}
    E -- Yes --> F[Conforms to IS 8423]
    E -- No --> G[Reject / Rework]

IS 8423: Controlled Percolating Hose - Percolation Requirements

Key Specification (Clause 8.1 & Table 2):

• Percolation is tested as per Clause 8.1.1.
• The hose must allow some percolation (minimum values) to prevent scorching over hot surfaces.
• Maximum limits ensure water damage is controlled.

Notes:

• Controlled percolation balances fire fighting efficiency and hose durability.
• Sampling and lot size criteria (Clause 10.1) define quality control but are not directly related to percolation values.

Summary:

• Percolation limits depend on hose diameter.
• Minimum percolation ensures heat protection.
• Maximum percolation limits water loss.

flowchart LR
    A[Hose Diameter] --> B{Percolation Limits}
    B --> C[Min Percolation (litres)]
    B --> D[Max Percolation (litres)]
    C --> E[Prevents Hose Scorching]
    D --> F[Controls Water Loss]

This ensures the hose performs safely and effectively under fire conditions.

IS 8423: Evenness of Wetting – Key Specifications & Formulas

Test Procedure (Clause 8.1.1)

• Test length: 3.5 m hose segment.
• Pressure: Increase steadily over 2 minutes to 7 kgf/cm² (70 N/cm²).
• Duration: Maintain pressure for 10 minutes.
• Leakage measurement: From 6th to 10th minute.

Percolation Limits (Table 2, Clause 8.1)

Sampling (Clause 3.1 & Table 3)

• Samples for evenness of wetting: 2 hoses per lot.
• Lot size determines sample size (see Table 3).

Summary

• Ensure percolation ≤ max limits for hose diameter.
• Measure leakage under steady pressure over specified time.
• Sampling and testing per lot size to confirm conformity.

flowchart LR
    A[Test 3.5m hose] --> B[Apply pressure: 0 → 7 kgf/cm² in 2 min]
    B --> C[Maintain pressure for 10 min]
    C --> D[Measure leakage from 6 to 10 min]
    D --> E{Percolation ≤ Limit?}
    E -- Yes --> F[Pass]
    E -- No --> G[Fail]

This ensures uniform wetting and integrity of hoses per IS 8423.

Hydrostatic Proof Pressure - IS 8423 Key Points

• Test Pressure: 2.1 MPa (21.4 kgf/cm²)
• Pressure Increase Rate: 1 MPa/min (10.2 kgf/cm²/min)
• Duration at Proof Pressure: 1 minute
• Acceptance Criteria: No yarn breakage in hose jacket during the test

Procedure Summary (Clause 10.1 & 13.1)

1. Connect full hose length to hydraulic pump, blank free end with coupling & stopcock.
2. Fill hose with water, bleed air at 70 kPa (0.7 kgf/cm²).
3. Increase pressure steadily at 1 MPa/min to 2.1 MPa.
4. Hold pressure for 1 minute (proof pressure test).
5. For kink test, bend hose 180° at ~50 cm from free end, raise pressure to 2.1 MPa, hold 30 seconds.
6. Inspect for leakage, rupture, or yarn breakage — none allowed.

Summary Table

flowchart TD
    A[Connect hose to pump] --> B[Fill with water & bleed air at 0.7 kgf/cm²]
    B --> C[Increase pressure at 1 MPa/min]
    C --> D[Reach 2.1 MPa]
    D --> E[Hold 1 min (Proof Pressure Test)]
    E --> F[Inspect for yarn breakage]
    F --> G{No breakage?}
    G -- Yes --> H[Test Passed]
    G -- No --> I[Test Failed]

Note: Hose must show no yarn breakage or leakage under test pressure as per IS 8423.

IS 8423: Bursting Pressure Key Points

1. Proof Pressure Test (Clause 10.1)

• Hose length subjected to 2.1 MPa (21.4 kgf/cm²) internal hydraulic pressure.
• Pressure increase rate: 1 MPa/min (10.2 kgf/cm²/min).
• Maintain pressure for 1 minute.
• No breakage of yarn allowed.

2. Hydrostatic Bursting Pressure (Clause 11.1)

• Test length: 3 m clear of couplings.
• Pressure increased at max 1 MPa/min.
• Hose shall not burst below 3.5 MPa (35.7 kgf/cm²).

3. Kink Test (Clause 13.1)

• Hose filled with water, air bled at 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf/cm²).
• Hose kinked 180° at 50 cm from free end.
• Pressure increased to 2.1 MPa (21.1 kgf/cm²) at 1 MPa/min.
• Hold pressure for 30 seconds.
• No leakage, rupture, or thread breakage allowed.

Summary Table

flowchart TD
    A[Start: Hose filled with water] --> B[Apply 0.07 MPa pressure]
    B --> C[Bleed air via stopcock]
    C --> D[Kink hose 180° at 50 cm]
    D --> E[Increase pressure to 2.1 MPa at 1 MPa/min]
    E --> F[Hold pressure for 30 seconds]
    F --> G{Leakage or rupture

IS 8423: Flammability Key Specifications & Test Procedure

Clause 12 - Flammability Test:

• Test Setup:

  • Hose length: 3 m
  • Hose filled with water and connected to a pump.
  • Initial pressure: 7 kgf/cm² (70 N/cm²), built steadily over 5 minutes.
  • Discharge end blocked by clamp or blank cap.
  • A 500 ml blow-lamp flame is applied at one point, in direct contact for 3 minutes.

• Post Flame Exposure:

  • Pressure increased to 18 kgf/cm² (180 N/cm²) and maintained for 1 minute.
  • Hose must show no breakage of yarn during the test.

Hydraulic Pressure Test (Clause 11.1):

• Hose length: 3 m (clear of couplings)
• Pressure increase rate: max 1 MPa/min
• Burst pressure minimum: 3.5 MPa (35.7 kgf/cm²)

Sampling Plan (Clause 10.1):

Summary Diagram of Flammability Test:

flowchart TD
    A[3 m Hose Length] --> B[Fill with Water]
    B --> C[Build Pressure to 7 kgf/cm² over 5 min]
    C --> D[Block Discharge End]
    D --> E[Apply 500 ml Blow-Lamp Flame for 3 min]
    E --> F[Increase Pressure to 18 kgf/cm² for 1 min]
    F --> G{No Yarn Breakage?}
    G -->|Yes| H[Test Passed]
    G -->|No

IS 8423 - Kink Resistance: Key Specifications & Test Procedure

Kink Test Procedure (Clause 13.1)

• Use a 3 m hose length connected to a hydraulic pump.
• Fill hose with water, bleed air at 0.7 kPa (0.7 kgf/cm²).
• Kink hose 180° at ~50 cm from free end by tying back.
• Increase pressure gradually at max 1 MPa/min to 2.1 MPa (21 kgf/cm²).
• Hold pressure for 30 seconds.
• Inspect for leakage, rupture, or jacket thread breakage.
• Acceptance: No leakage, rupture, or thread failure.

Proof & Bursting Pressure (Clause 2.1)

Summary

• Kink resistance ensures hose integrity under bending at high pressure.
• Test simulates real-life kink scenario under pressure.
• No leakage or damage allowed at proof pressure during kink test.

flowchart TD
    A[Connect 3m hose to pump] --> B[Fill with water & bleed air at 0.7 kPa]
    B --> C[Kink hose 180° at 50cm]
    C --> D[Increase pressure to 2.1 MPa at ≤1 MPa/min]
    D --> E[Hold pressure for 30 seconds]
    E --> F{Leakage or rupture?}
    F -- No --> G[Pass test]
    F -- Yes --> H[Fail test]

This test confirms hose durability and kink resistance per IS 8423 standards.

IS 8423: Change in Size (Clause 14.2)

• Maximum allowable change in diameter and length: ±10% after testing per Clause 14.1.

  This ensures dimensional stability of hoses after pressure and conditioning tests.

Summary Table: Change in Size Limits

Testing Procedure (Clause 14.1 reference)

• Measure initial diameter and length.
• Subject hose to specified pressure and conditioning.
• Re-measure diameter and length.
• Calculate percentage change:

[ \text{Change %} = \frac{\text{Final dimension} - \text{Initial dimension}}{\text{Initial dimension}} \times 100 ]

• Confirm change ≤ 10%.

Key Notes:

• Ensures hose maintains functional dimensions under operating conditions.
• Critical for compatibility with fittings and system integrity.

flowchart TD
    A[Initial Measurement] --> B[Pressure Test & Conditioning]
    B --> C[Final Measurement]
    C --> D{Change ≤ 10%?}
    D -- Yes --> E[Pass]
    D -- No --> F[Fail]

This concise check is essential for quality control per IS 8423.

IS 8423: Sampling and Criteria for Conformity

Key Points from Clause 15 & Annex A:

• Sampling is done per lot, tested separately for conformity.
• Change in diameter and length limit: ≤ 10% (Clause 14.2).
• Sample size depends on lot size (Table 3):

• Acceptance criteria: No defects allowed for smaller lots; for larger lots (51-100), max 1 defective item allowed.

Summary:

• Select sample size based on lot length (see Table 3).
• Test samples for dimensional changes (≤10%).
• Reject lot if defects exceed acceptance number.
• Use Standard Mark as per BIS regulations (Clause 16.3.1).

flowchart TD
    A[Start: Lot of hoses] --> B[Determine lot size]
    B --> C{Lot size ≤ 15?}
    C -- Yes --> D[Sample all hoses]
    C -- No --> E{Lot size ≤ 25?}
    E -- Yes --> F[Sample 15 hoses]
    E -- No --> G{Lot size ≤ 50?}
    G -- Yes --> H[Sample 20 hoses]
    G -- No --> I{Lot size ≤ 100?}
    I -- Yes --> J[Sample 32 hoses]
    J --> K[Test samples for diameter/length change ≤ 10%]
    K --> L{Defects ≤ acceptance number?}
    L -- Yes --> M[Lot accepted]
    L -- No --> N[Lot rejected]

This ensures quality control per IS 8423 standards.

IS 8423: Packing and Marking - Key Points

• Clause 16.3.1: Use of the Standard Mark is governed by the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986. Licensing conditions for using the Standard Mark are provided by BIS.

• Marking Requirements (Clause 16.3):

  • Pipes/hoses shall be marked with:
    • Manufacturer’s identification
    • Size and type
    • Standard Mark (if licensed)
    • Batch or lot number for traceability

• Packing:

  • Should protect the product from damage during transport and storage.
  • Must ensure easy identification and handling.

• Sampling and Conformity (Annex A):

  • Defines lot sizes and sampling plans for quality control.
  • Ensures products meet specified standards before dispatch.

Typical Marking Example on Hose

For detailed licensing and marking conditions, contact BIS directly.

flowchart LR
    A[Manufacturing] --> B[Packing]
    B --> C[Marking with Std. Mark]
    C --> D[Quality Sampling (Annex A)]
    D --> E[Dispatch]