Bitumen Mastic, Anti-Static and Electrically Conducting Grade

IS 8374 Scope - Key Specifications & Tables

1. Bitumen Properties (Table 1)

• Typical binders: Industrial bitumen grades 90/15 & 75/15 (IS:702-1961).

2. Aggregates & Fillers Gradation (Table 2)

3. Labelling Requirements (Clause 7.5)

• Identification must include: sample number, material type, binder & aggregate type, specifications, mixing plant, dates (mixing, laying, sampling), site details, number/thickness of courses, foundation nature, surface treatment, and tests required.

This ensures quality control and traceability for bituminous materials under IS 8374.

IS 8374 - Key Definitions & Specifications Summary

Definitions (Clause 2.0)

• Definitions as per IS 334-1965 apply.
• Additional definitions are specific to bitumen mastic materials and apparatus.

Bitumen Specifications (Clause 3.1, Table 1)

Typical bitumen grades: 90/15 and 75/15 per IS 702-1961.

Aggregates & Fillers Grading (Clause 3.2, Table 2)

Apparatus (Clause 2.1)

• Apparatus must accurately meet test requirements.
• Fig. 1 (not shown) illustrates a typical apparatus setup.

flowchart TD
    A[Bitumen] --> B[Softening Point 65-100°C]
    A --> C[Penetration 5-20 (1/100 cm)]
    A --> D[Ductility ≥ 2 cm]
    A --> E[Loss on Heating ≤ 0.3%]
    A --> F[Solubility ≥ 99%]
    G

IS 8374 - Materials: Key Specifications and Tables

1. Bitumen (Clause 3.1, Table 1)

Typical binders: Industrial bitumen grades 90/15 and 75/15 per IS: 702-1961.

2. Aggregates and Fillers (Clause 3.2, Table 2)

Aggregates and fillers must be inert.

Notes:

• Bitumen properties ensure durability and performance.
• Gradation controls mastic texture and strength.
• Testing instruments must meet accuracy and voltage specs (Clause 2.1).
• Electrical resistance testing (Clause 6.2 & Appendix C) applies to floor coverings, ensuring safety.

flowchart LR
    A[Bitumen] --> B[Softening Point: 65-100°C]
    A --> C[Penetration: 5-20 (1/100 cm)]
    A --> D[Ductility: ≥ 2 cm]
   

IS 8374: Key Requirements for Bitumen and Aggregates

1. Bitumen Physical Properties (Table 1)

• Industrial bitumen grades 90/15 and 75/15 per IS:702-1961 satisfy these.

2. Aggregates and Fillers Grading (Table 2)

• Aggregates/fillers must be inert and conform to above gradings.

3. Conformity Criteria (Clause 7.4)

• A representative lab sample must pass all tests for the lot to conform.

Summary Diagram: Bitumen & Aggregate Requirements

flowchart TD
    A[Bitumen] --> B[Softening Point: 65-100°C]
    A --> C[Penetration: 5-20 (1/100 cm)]
    A --> D[Ductility ≥ 2 cm]
    A --> E[Loss on Heating ≤ 0.3%]
    A --> F[Solubility ≥ 99%]

    G[Aggregates & Fillers] --> H[75 micron: 45-55%]
    G --> I[212 micron: 10-30%

IS 8374: Hardness Number - Key Points & Formula

Definition (Clause A-1.1)

• Hardness Number (HN) = Depth of penetration (in hundredths of cm) of a flat-ended steel rod (6.35 mm diameter) into mastic.
• Load = 31.7 kg applied for 1 minute at 35 ± 0.5°C.
• Load corresponds to 100 kg/cm² pressure.

Sample Preparation (Clause A-3.1.1)

• Mastic samples: ≥100 mm diameter, 25 mm thick.
• Samples taken in duplicate, float finished.
• No remelting allowed.

Test Procedure (Clause A-3.1.2)

• Cool samples ≥3 hours in air or ≥1 hour in cold water.
• Condition samples at 35 ± 0.5°C water for ≥1 hour before test.
• Maintain temperature during test.

Test Readings (Clause A-3.1.5)

• Minimum 5 readings, ≥25 mm apart and from edges.
• Reject readings >2 units from mean.
• Average remaining readings; if <4 valid readings, discard sample.

Apparatus (Fig.1)

• Steel rod indenter (6.35 mm diameter)
• Lever applying 31.7 kg load
• Calibrated dial for penetration depth reading

Summary Formula

[ \text{Hardness Number (HN)} = \text{Penetration depth in hundredths of cm} ]

Important Notes:

• Hardness number is a direct measure of penetration depth under specified load and temperature.
• Ensures uniformity and quality control of mastic materials.

flowchart LR
    A[Sample Preparation] --> B[Conditioning at 35°C]
    B --> C[Indentation Test]
    C --> D[Multiple Readings]
    D --> E{Readings Valid?}
    E -- Yes --> F[Average Hardness Number]
    E -- No --> G[Discard Sample]

This concise framework ensures reliable and repeatable hardness testing per IS 8374.

IS 8374: Test Procedures - Key Points

1. Bitumen Physical Properties (Table 1, Clause 3.1)

2. Electrical Resistance Test (Clause 2.1 & 6.2)

• Use insulation tester with 500 V DC (or 1000 V DC for >10^6 ohms).
• Accuracy: ±5%, max power dissipation 3 W.
• Apply voltage for minimal time to avoid overheating.
• Test at 27 ± 2°C, RH < 70%.
• Use liquid electrodes on two 25 mm² areas, spaced 50 ± 6 mm apart.
• Measure resistance after 15 min to 2 hours of sample preparation.

3. Sampling & Conformity (Clause 7.4)

• Test representative laboratory sample.
• Lot conforms if all tests pass.

Summary Diagram: Test Setup for Electrical Resistance

graph LR
A[Surface to be tested] --> B[Apply liquid electrodes (25 mm²)]
B --> C[Apply metal contacts]
C --> D[Measure resistance across 50 ± 6 mm gap]
D --> E[Record resistance after 15 min to 2 hrs]

Note: Follow referenced IS methods for detailed test procedures.

IS 8374: Sampling and Criteria for Conformity

1. Criteria for Conformity (Clause 7.4)

• A laboratory sample representing the lot must be tested for all specified requirements.
• The lot conforms if the sample passes all tests.

2. Sampling & Testing Procedure (Clause 6.2)

• Apply liquid electrodes and metal contacts as per Appendix B & C immediately after surface prep.
• Maintain sample at 27 ± 2°C, RH < 70%.
• Perform resistance test between 15 minutes and 2 hours after preparation.
• Avoid moisture contamination (no breathing on samples).

3. Bitumen Physical Properties (Table 1, Clause 3.1)

4. Labelling Requirements (Clause 7.5)

Samples must be labeled with detailed info such as:

• Authority, sample number, material & binder type
• Mixing plant location, date of mixing/laying
• Sampling site, position, number/thickness of courses
• Foundation & surface treatment nature
• Tests to be performed

flowchart TD
    A[Sample Preparation] --> B[Apply Electrodes & Contacts]
    B --> C[Condition at 27 ±2°C & RH < 70%]
    C --> D[Resistance Test (15 min - 2 hrs)]
    D --> E{Test Results}
    E -->|Pass All| F[Lot Conforms]
    E -->|Fail Any| G[Lot Does Not Conform]

Summary: Test a representative sample for all requirements under controlled conditions

IS 8374: Marking and Storage Key Points

Marking Requirements (Clauses 7.5, 8.1, 8.2)

• On Specimens:
  • Must be adequately identified with a label referencing a schedule containing:
    • Name & address of authority
    • Sample number
    • Material, binder, aggregate types
    • Specification compliance
    • Mixing plant details
    • Dates (mixing, laying, sampling)
    • Site & position of sampling
    • Number/thickness of courses
    • Foundation and surface treatment nature
    • Tests to be performed
• On Stored Blocks (Clause 8.1):
  • Date of manufacture and manufacturer’s name must be cast into the block.

BIS Certification Mark (Clauses 8.2, 8.2.1)

• Use of the Standard Mark is regulated by BIS Act, 1986.
• Manufacturers must obtain a license from BIS to use the Standard Mark.
• Marking facilitates traceability and quality assurance.

Summary Table for Marking Information

flowchart TD
    A[Manufacture of Block] --> B[Marking: Date & Manufacturer]
    B --> C[Storage]
    C --> D[Sampling & Labelling]
    D --> E[Testing Laboratory]
    E --> F[Results & Certification]

This ensures traceability from manufacture to testing and certification.

IS 8374: Hardness Testing Method – Key Points

Sample Preparation (Clause 3.1.1)

• Sample size: ≥ 100 mm diameter or 100 cm² area, thickness 25 mm.
• Samples taken directly from mixer, no remelting.
• Samples must be uniform in thickness and level.

Test Temperature (Clause A-3.1.2)

• Cool sample ≥ 3 hours in air or ≥ 1 hour in cold running water.
• Then immerse in water at 35 ± 0.5°C for ≥ 1 hour before testing.
• Maintain this temperature during testing.

Hardness Number Definition (Clause 1.1)

• Hardness number = depth (in hundredths of cm) of penetration by a 6.35 mm diameter steel rod under a 31.7 kg load applied for 1 minute at 35°C.
• Load corresponds to 100 kg/cm² pressure.

Test Procedure & Results (Clause 3.1.5)

• Take ≥ 5 readings at points ≥ 25 mm apart and ≥ 25 mm from edges.
• Average the readings.
• Reject any reading differing by > 2 hardness units from mean.
• If fewer than 4 valid readings remain, discard sample and retest.

Apparatus (Fig. 1 Key Parts)

• Indentor pin spindle (D)
• Calibrated dial (M)
• Weight system (B, C)
• Temperature controls (R)
• Support and adjusting nuts (G, K, L)

Summary Table: Hardness Test Parameters

flowchart TD
    A[Sample Preparation] --> B[Cooling: 3 hrs air or 1

IS 8374 — Testing Instruments and Electrodes: Key Specifications

Liquid Electrodes (Appendix B, Clause 1.1.1)

• Composition by parts:
  • Water: 200
  • Soft soap: 1
  • Potassium chloride: 10

Testing Instruments (Appendix B, Clause 2.1)

• Use insulation tester with:
  • Nominal open circuit voltage: 500 V DC (standard)
  • For resistance > 10^6 ohms, use 1000 V DC
• Accuracy: ±5%
• Power dissipation: ≤ 3 W in specimen
• Voltage application: Only as long as necessary to avoid overheating

Test Setup (Appendix C)

• Apply liquid electrodes on two areas (~25 mm² each)
• Distance between facing edges: 50 ± 6 mm
• Metal contacts applied on wetted areas
• Measure resistance after conditioning at 27 ± 2°C, RH < 70%, wait 15 min to 2 hours

Summary Table

flowchart LR
    A[Prepare surface] --> B[Apply liquid electrodes (25 mm²)]
    B --> C[Apply metal contacts on wetted areas]
    C --> D[Condition at 27±2°C, RH <70%, 15 min to 2 hrs]
    D --> E[Measure resistance with insulation tester]

This ensures accurate and standardized electrical resistance testing of floor covering materials per IS 8374.

IS 8374: Resistance Test Procedure for Electrical Conductance of Floor Covering Material

Key Specifications & Procedure (Clause 6.2 & Appendix C)

• Surface Preparation: Clean surface, apply liquid electrodes (Appendix B) on two areas (~25 mm² each) on the same surface.
• Electrode Spacing: Distance between facing edges = 50 ± 6 mm.
• Environmental Conditions: Test at 27 ± 2°C, relative humidity < 70%.
• Waiting Time: Perform resistance test after 15 minutes to 2 hours post electrode application.
• Avoid Moisture: No breathing on samples during test to prevent moisture effects.

Testing Instruments (Clause 2.1 & Appendix B)

Resistance Range (Clause 5.2)

• Acceptable Electrical Resistance: Between 5 × 10⁴ Ω and 2 × 10⁶ Ω.

Summary Diagram of Test Setup

graph LR
A[Surface] -->|Apply liquid electrodes| B[Two areas ~25 mm²]
B -->|Distance 50 ± 6 mm| C[Metal contacts]
C --> D[Resistance Measurement]
D --> E[Check if within 5x10⁴ Ω to 2x10⁶ Ω]

Notes

• Use insulation tester as per IS 8374 Appendix B.
• Avoid moisture contamination.
• Test on one surface only.

This ensures reliable measurement of electrical conductance per IS 8374 standards.