IS 70761983AI Search Enabled✦ AI Generated

metal book ends

IS 7076:1983 specifies the requirements for metal book ends made from mild steel or aluminium sheets, detailing material standards, dimensions, manufacturing processes, surface treatments, and performance tests. It is intended for manufacturers, quality controllers, and purchasers to ensure durable, corrosion-resistant, and well-finished metal book ends suitable for office and home use.

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What This Standard Covers

IS 7076:1983 specifies the requirements for metal book ends made from mild steel or aluminium sheets, detailing material standards, dimensions, manufacturing processes, surface treatments, and performance tests. It is intended for manufacturers, quality controllers, and purchasers to ensure durable, corrosion-resistant, and well-finished metal book ends suitable for office and home use.

Who Uses This Standard

  • Product Designers
  • Manufacturing Engineers
  • Quality Control Inspectors
  • Procurement Specialists
  • Furniture Manufacturers
  • Industrial Engineers
  • Standards Compliance Officers

Key Topics Covered

Material specifications for mild steel and aluminium sheets
Dimensional and shape requirements
Surface preparation including pickling and phosphating
Finishing processes including anodizing and painting
Scratch hardness and pressure testing
Corrosion resistance under condensation conditions
Flexibility and adhesion of coatings
Stripping test for coating durability
Use of ISI Certification Mark
Information requirements from purchasers
Quality control and inspection procedures
Compliance with related IS standards for coatings and treatments

Table of Contents

1Scope

IS 7076: Scope - Key Points and Specifications

  • Scope: Covers specifications for mild steel sheets used for phosphating and painting treatments.
  • Material Grade: Mild steel sheets must conform to Grade 0 of IS 513:1973 or IS 1079:1973.
  • Shape & Dimensions: Refer to Clause 3 (details not provided here) for exact sheet sizes and thickness.
  • Testing Requirements:
    • Flexibility & Adhesion Test (Clause 6.3):
      • Sample size: 150 mm x 50 mm, thickness 0.315 mm.
      • Test per IS 101:1964, Clause 17.
      • Paint film must show no damage, cracking, or detachment under 10x magnification.
  • Rounding Off Values:
    • Follow IS 2:1960 for rounding test/analysis results.
    • Retain significant figures as per specified values.

Summary Table: Mild Steel Sheets (IS 7076)

ParameterSpecification
Steel GradeGrade 0 (IS 513:1973 / IS 1079)
Test Sample Size150 mm × 50 mm
Test Sample Thickness0.315 mm
Test Method (Flexibility)IS 101:1964, Clause 17
Paint Film RequirementNo damage/cracking @ 10x mag

flowchart TD
    A[Order Placement] --> B[Purchaser supplies technical info (Clause 7)]
    B --> C[Mild Steel Sheet per Grade 0 (IS 513/1079)]
    C --> D[Phosphate Treatment]
    D --> E[Painting & Enamel Application]
    E --> F[Flexibility & Adhesion Test (IS 101:1964)]
    F --> G[Pass: No damage/cracking]

This summarizes the scope and key specifications of IS 7076 related to mild steel sheets and their treatment.

2Materials

IS 7076: Key Materials Specifications & Tests

Mild Steel Sheets (Clause 2.2)

  • Conform to:
    • Grade 0 of IS 513-1973 (Cold Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets)
    • Grade 0 of IS 1079-1973 (Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip)
  • Thickness for book ends (Clause 4.1):
    • Steel sheet: ≥ 1.6 mm
    • Aluminium sheet: ≥ 2.0 mm
  • Surface: No burrs or dents

Aluminium Sheets (Clause 2.1)

  • Conform to Grades 31000 or 52000 of IS 737-1974
  • Condition: H condition (strain hardened or strain hardened and stabilized)

Paint & Coating Tests (Clause 6.3)

  • Sample size: 150 x 50 mm, thickness 0.315 mm
  • Test: Flexibility and adhesion per IS 101-1964, Clause 17
  • Acceptance: No damage, detachment, or cracking under 10x magnification

Summary Table

MaterialIS StandardGrade/ConditionThickness (mm)Notes
Mild SteelIS 513 / IS 1079Grade 0≥ 1.6 (book ends)Cold/hot rolled, no burrs/dents
AluminiumIS 73731000 or 52000≥ 2.0 (book ends)H condition
Paint TestIS 101 (Clause 17)-0.315 (sample)No cracking/detachment

flowchart LR
    A[Material Selection] --> B{Type}
    B -->|Mild Steel| C[IS 513 / IS 1079 Grade 0]
    B -->|Aluminium| D[IS 737 Grade 31000/52000]
    C --> E[Thickness ≥ 1.6 mm for book ends]
    D --> F[Thickness ≥ 2.0 mm for book ends]
    E & F --> G[Surface: No burrs or dents]
    G --> H[Paint & Adhesion Test
3Shape and Dimensions

IS 7076: Shape and Dimensions of Metal Book Ends

  • Material Thickness:

    • Steel sheet: Minimum 1.6 mm thick (mild steel as per IS 513:1973 Grade 0 or IS 1079:1973 Grade 0)
    • Aluminium sheet: Minimum 2.0 mm thick
  • Shape & Dimensions:

    • As per Fig. 1 in Clause 3.1 (typical metal book end sketch)
    • Dimensions are in millimetres
    • Manufacturer and purchaser may agree on other shapes/dimensions (Clause 3.1.1)
  • Quality:

    • Sheets must be free from burrs or dents (Clause 4.1)

Typical Dimensions (from Fig. 1, IS 7076)

PartDimension (mm)
Height (vertical)As per Fig. 1
Base lengthAs per Fig. 1
ThicknessSteel: ≥1.6 mm
Aluminium: ≥2.0 mm

(Exact dimensions must be referred from Fig. 1 in IS 7076)


Summary Diagram (Conceptual)

graph TD
A[Vertical Plate] --> B[Base Plate]
A -- Thickness 1.6 mm (Steel) or 2.0 mm (Aluminium) --> B
B --> C[Flat Base for Support]

For precise dimensions, always refer to Fig. 1 of IS 7076.

4Manufacture

IS 7076: Manufacture - Key Specifications

  • Material Thickness:

    • Steel Sheet: Minimum 1.6 mm thick (cold/hot rolled carbon steel).
    • Aluminium Sheet: Minimum 2.0 mm thick.
  • Material Standards:

    • Steel sheets must conform to:
      • IS 513-1973 (Grade 0, Mild Steel Sheets)
      • IS 1079-1973 (Grade 0, Mild Steel Sheets)
    • Steel sheet specifications:
      • Cold Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets (2nd revision)
      • Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip (3rd revision)
  • Manufacturing Quality:

    • Book ends must be free from burrs and dents.
    • Surface finish and dimensional accuracy per relevant IS standards.
  • Rounding Off Test Results:

    • Follow IS 2-1960 for rounding off test values.
    • Maintain significant digits as per specified values.

Summary Table: Material Thickness

Material TypeMinimum Thickness
Steel Sheet1.6 mm
Aluminium Sheet2.0 mm

This ensures durability and compliance with IS 7076 manufacturing requirements.

5Surface Preparation and Treatment

IS 7076: Surface Preparation & Treatment Key Points

1. Surface Preparation (Clause 5.1 & 5.2)

  • Remove dents, burrs, sharp edges.
  • Components must be pickled, scrubbed, rinsed to remove grease, rust, scale.
  • Immediately after pickling, apply phosphating treatment per Class C of IS 3618-1966.
  • Phosphate coating process per IS 6005-1970.
  • Use putty (IS 110-1968) for filling surfaces.
  • Aluminium primer must conform to IS 5660-1970.

2. Flexibility and Adhesion Test (Clause 6.3)

  • Sample size: 150 x 50 mm, thickness 0.315 mm.
  • Test per IS 101-1964, Clause 17.
  • Paint film must show no damage, detachment, or cracking under 10x magnification.

3. Corrosion Protection Test (Clause 6.5)

  • Sample size: 150 x 100 mm, thickness 1.25 mm.
  • Test per IS 101-1964, Clause 18.
  • No corrosion should appear after condensation test.

Summary Table:

ParameterDetailsReference Standard
Pickling & CleaningRemove burrs, grease, rustClause 5.1
Phosphating TreatmentClass C phosphatingIS 3618-1966, IS 6005-1970
PuttyFor surface fillingIS 110-1968
Aluminium PrimerAluminium primer coatingIS 5660-1970
Flexibility & Adhesion Test150x50x0.315 mm sampleIS 101-1964 Clause 17
Corrosion Test150x100x1.25 mm sampleIS 101-1964 Clause 18

flowchart TD
    A[Surface Preparation] --> B[Pickling & Cleaning]
    B --> C[Phosphating Treatment (Class C)]
    C --> D[Putty Application]
    D --> E[
6Performance Requirements of Finish

IS 7076: Performance Requirements of Finish

Key Specifications (Clauses 5.4, 6.3, 7.1)

  • Anodizing: Aluminium book ends anodized to Grade AC 15 per IS 1868-1968 (Clause 5.4).
  • Paint Coating: Enamel finish coats conform to IS 151-1950, IS 2932-1974, or IS 2933-1975 (Clause 5.3).
  • Phosphate Treatment: For corrosion protection, follow relevant IS codes for phosphating iron and steel.
  • Flexibility & Adhesion Test (Clause 6.3):
    • Test sample: Mild steel plate 150 x 50 mm, thickness 0.315 mm.
    • Test as per IS 101-1964 Clause 17.
    • Acceptance: No damage, detachment, or cracking under x10 magnification.

Order Information (Clause 7.1)

  • Purchaser must specify:
    • Colour and finish
    • Alternative shapes and finishes, if any.

Summary Table: Finish Tests

TestSample Size (mm)Thickness (mm)Standard ReferenceAcceptance Criteria
Flexibility & Adhesion150 x 500.315IS 101-1964 (Clause 17)No damage/cracking under x10 magnification

flowchart TD
    A[Order Placement] --> B{Specify Finish}
    B -->|Colour & Finish| C[Supplier Applies Finish]
    B -->|Alternative Shapes| C
    C --> D[Apply Anodizing or Enamel]
    D --> E[Conduct Flexibility & Adhesion Test]
    E --> F{Passes Test?}
    F -->|Yes| G[Accept Finish]
    F -->|No| H[Reject / Rework Finish]

This ensures durable, corrosion-resistant, and visually acceptable finishes per IS 7076.

7Information to be Supplied by the Purchaser

IS 7076: Information to be Supplied by the Purchaser (Clause 7.1)

When placing an order, the purchaser must provide:

  • Colour and finish: Specify exact colour shade and surface finish.
  • Alternative shapes and finishes: Clearly state if alternatives are acceptable.

Additional Relevant Specifications

  • Material Grade: Mild steel sheets must conform to Grade 0 of IS 513:1973 or IS 1079:1973.
  • Corrosion Test (Clause 6.5):
    • Test panel size: 150 mm x 100 mm, thickness 1.25 mm.
    • Finish as per Clause 5.
    • Test as per IS 101:1964 (Condensation corrosion test).
    • Result: No corrosion after test.

Summary Table for Purchaser Information

Information RequiredDetails
Colour and FinishExact shade and surface finish
Alternative Shapes/FinishClearly stated if applicable
Material GradeGrade 0 (IS 513 or IS 1079)
Corrosion Test Panel Size150 x 100 mm, 1.25 mm thick

This ensures clarity in orders and conformity to IS 7076 standards.

8Marking

IS 7076 - Marking Requirements for Metal Book Ends

Key Specifications (Clause 8.1 & 8.1.1)

  • Manufacturer's Mark: All metal book ends must bear a suitable mark identifying the manufacturer.
  • ISI Certification Mark: May be applied as per the Indian Standards Institution (Certification Marks) Act and related rules. It ensures:
    • Compliance with IS standards.
    • Production under a defined quality control system.
    • Continuous conformity checks by ISI.

Important Notes:

  • The ISI mark is a quality assurance symbol, not mandatory but regulated strictly.
  • Marking should be clear, durable, and legible on the metal surface.

Related Testing (Clause 6.3)

  • Flexibility and Adhesion Test on mild steel samples (150 x 50 mm, thickness 0.315 mm) per IS:101-1964.
  • Paint film must show no damage or cracking under 10x magnification.

Summary Table for Marking & Testing

ParameterRequirement
Manufacturer MarkMandatory on all metal book ends
ISI Certification MarkOptional, governed by ISI rules
Test Sample Size150 x 50 mm, thickness 0.315 mm
Paint Film IntegrityNo damage/cracking under 10x magn.

flowchart LR
    A[Metal Book End] --> B[Mark Manufacturer's ID]
    B --> C{Use ISI Mark?}
    C -- Yes --> D[Apply ISI Certification Mark]
    C -- No --> E[No ISI Mark]
    D & E --> F[Quality Control & Testing]
    F --> G[Flexibility & Adhesion Test per IS:101-1964]
    G --> H[Pass: No damage/cracking under 10x magnification]

For detailed licensing and marking conditions, manufacturers should consult the Indian Standards Institution directly.

9Quality Control and Testing Methods

IS 7076: Quality Control and Testing Methods - Key Points

Flexibility and Adhesion Test (Clause 6.3):

  • Test Sample: Mild steel plate, 150 x 50 mm, thickness 0.315 mm.
  • Test Standard: As per IS 101:1964, Clause 17.
  • Acceptance Criteria: Paint film must show no damage, detachment, or cracking under x10 magnification after bending.

Additional Specifications Referenced:

  • Phosphate treatment for corrosion protection.
  • Ready mixed paints (grey filler, aluminium red oxide primer).
  • Enamels (undercoating, finishing).
  • Anodic coatings on aluminium.
  • Methods for testing paints and enamels (second revision).

General Quality Control Notes:

  • Rounding Off Results: Follow IS 2:1960 for rounding test results to the same significant figures as the specified values.
  • ISI Certification Mark: Indicates compliance with IS standards, verified by continuous inspection and testing.

Summary Table: Flexibility and Adhesion Test Sample Dimensions

ParameterValue
Sample MaterialMild steel plate
Length150 mm
Width50 mm
Thickness0.315 mm
Magnification for Inspection10x

flowchart LR
    A[Prepare Mild Steel Plate] --> B[Apply Paint Film]
    B --> C[Perform Flexibility Test as per IS 101:1964]
    C --> D[Inspect under x10 Magnification]
    D -->|No Damage| E[Pass]
    D -->|Damage/Cracking| F[Fail]

For detailed test procedures, refer to IS 101:1964 Clause 17 and Methods of test for ready mixed paints and enamels (second revision).

Popular Questions About IS 7076

?What are the minimum thickness requirements for steel and aluminium sheets used in metal book ends?

According to IS 7076, the minimum thickness requirements for metal book ends are:

  • Steel sheet: Not less than 1.6 mm
  • Aluminium sheet: Not less than 2.0 mm

Additional requirements:

  • Sheets must be free from burrs or dents.
  • Materials should conform to relevant specifications for cold-rolled or hot-rolled carbon steel sheets.

This ensures adequate strength and durability to hold books upright without damage.

Loading diagram...

This thickness balance provides rigidity while maintaining ease of manufacture and corrosion resistance.

?Which surface treatments are specified to enhance corrosion resistance?

IS 7076 Surface Treatments for Corrosion Resistance

According to IS 7076:

  • Phosphating Treatment:

    • All mild steel parts must receive phosphating immediately after pickling.
    • The phosphate coating shall conform to Class C of IS 3618-1966.
    • Application process follows IS 6005-1970.
    • This treatment provides a base for paint adhesion and corrosion resistance.
  • Paint Coatings:

    • Use aluminium red oxide primer (IS 5660-1970).
    • Apply ready-mixed paints and enamels conforming to relevant IS standards (e.g., IS 101-1964 for testing).
    • Putty for filling surfaces must conform to IS 110-1968.
  • Anodizing (for Aluminium):

    • Optional anodic coatings per Grade AC 15 of IS 1868-1968 for aluminium parts.

Summary:

TreatmentStandard ReferencePurpose
PhosphatingIS 3618 (Class C), IS 6005Corrosion resistance, paint adhesion
Aluminium PrimerIS 5660Primer undercoating
Paint & EnamelsIS 101, IS 7076 clausesProtective finishing
Anodizing (Aluminium)IS 1868 (Grade AC 15)Corrosion protection

These treatments combined ensure enhanced corrosion resistance and durable finish on steel and aluminium components.

?How is the scratch hardness of the metal book ends tested according to IS 7076?

According to IS 7076 (1983), the scratch hardness test for metal book ends is performed as follows:

  • Use a mild steel plate sample of size 150 x 50 mm and thickness 0.315 mm, finished as per the standard.
  • Conduct the test in accordance with Clause 15.1 of IS 101:1964 (Methods of test for ready mixed paints and enamels).
  • The test involves scratching the sample surface; no scratch should expose bare metal.
  • The scratch hardness ensures the finish resists scratching under specified conditions.

Summary:

ParameterValue
Sample Size150 mm x 50 mm
Thickness0.315 mm
Test StandardIS 101:1964, Clause 15.1
Acceptance CriterionNo bare metal visible after scratch

This test ensures the durability of the metal book end's finish against scratches.

?Can aluminium book ends be anodized under this standard, and what are the requirements?

According to IS 7076, aluminium book ends can be anodized if the purchaser requires it.

Key requirements per Clause 5.4:

  • The anodic coating must comply with Grade AC 15 of IS 1868-1968.
  • This ensures a minimum thickness and quality of the anodic film for corrosion resistance.

Summary:

  • Anodizing is optional but must meet IS 1868 Grade AC 15.
  • This grade typically specifies a coating thickness of not less than 15 microns.
  • Provides enhanced corrosion resistance and durability.

This aligns with the standard's goal to ensure material quality and finish performance suitable for office use.

Loading diagram...

Reference: IS 7076: Clause 5.4 & IS 1868 (Grade AC 15)

?What information must purchasers provide when ordering metal book ends as per IS 7076?

As per IS 7076 (1983) for metal book ends, purchasers must provide the following information when placing an order:

  • Type and design of the book end (e.g., shape, dimensions)
  • Material specification (e.g., type of metal, thickness)
  • Finish required (e.g., painted, polished, galvanized)
  • Quantity needed
  • Any special requirements such as load capacity or custom features

This ensures the manufacturer produces book ends meeting the purchaser's functional and aesthetic needs.


If the standard lacks explicit details, typically, orders include:

ParameterDescription
MaterialMild steel, stainless steel, etc.
DimensionsHeight, width, base length (mm)
FinishPowder coating, chrome plating etc.
QuantityNumber of units

This info aligns with standard procurement practices for metal furniture fittings.

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