bossing (plumbers), mallets

IS 6676: Scope Summary & Key Specifications

Scope:
IS 6676 covers specifications for bossing (plumbers) and mallets, including materials, marking, and timber species.

Key Points:

• Timber Species for Mallet Heads (Appendix A):
  Includes 28 species such as:

  • Acacia nilotica (Babul)
  • Dalbergia sissoo (Sissoo)
  • Tectona grandis (Teak)
  • Shorea robusta (Sal)
  • Terminalia alata (Laurel)

• Units (SI System):

  • Length: metre (m)
  • Mass: kilogram (kg)
  • Force: newton (N) = 1 kg·m/s²
  • Pressure/Stress: pascal (Pa) = 1 N/m²

Important Formula:

• Force:
  [ 1, \text{N} = 1, \text{kg} \times \frac{m}{s^2} ]

• Pressure/Stress:
  [ 1, \text{Pa} = \frac{1, \text{N}}{m^2} ]

Summary Diagram: Timber Selection for Mallet Head

graph TD
    A[Timber Species] --> B[Hardwoods]
    A --> C[Softwoods]
    B --> D[Teak (Tectona grandis)]
    B --> E[Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo)]
    B --> F[Sal (Shorea robusta)]
    C --> G[White Cedar (Dysozylum malabaricum)]
    C --> H[Ebony (Diospyros spp.)]

This standard ensures quality and uniformity in mallet manufacturing by specifying timber types and units for measurement. For detailed marking and dimensional specs, refer to Clause 3.1 and Appendix A.

IS 6676 References: Key Specifications & Tables

• Timber Species for Mallet Head (Appendix A):
  Lists 28 botanical names such as Acacia nilotica (babul), Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo), Tectona grandis (teak), etc., recommended for mallet heads.

• SI Units (International System of Units):
  Standard units used in the code for consistency:

  Quantity	Unit	Symbol
  Length	metre	m
  Mass	kilogram	kg
  Time	second	s
  Force	newton	N (1 N = 1 kg·m/s²)
  Pressure, Stress	pascal	Pa (1 Pa = 1 N/m²)

• Definitions & Glossary:
  Refer IS 707-1976 for timber-related definitions.

• Marking & Standards:
  Clause 3.1 covers marking requirements; IS 6676-1986 reaffirmed 1995.

Summary Table: Timber Species for Mallet Heads (Sample)

SI Unit Formula Example:

[ \text{Force (N)} = \text{Mass (kg)} \times \text{Acceleration (m/s}^2) ]

For detailed definitions, marking, and timber species, refer IS 6676 clauses 2.1 and 3.1, and Appendix A.

IS 6676 - Definitions and Key Specifications

• Reference for Definitions: Clause 2.1 states that definitions are as per IS 707:1976 (Glossary of timber and timber products terms).

• Timber Species for Mallet Heads: Appendix A lists 28 species, e.g.

  • Acacia nilotica (babul)
  • Tectona grandis (teak)
  • Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo)
  • Shorea robusta (sal)
  • Chloroxylon swietenia (satinwood)

• Units and Symbols: The standard uses SI units consistent with international practice, e.g.,

  Quantity	Unit	Symbol
  Length	metre	m
  Force	newton	N = 1 kg·m/s²
  Pressure/Stress	pascal	Pa = 1 N/m²

• Rounding Off: Final test values must be rounded per IS 2:1960, matching significant figures of specified values.

Summary Table: Key Units

flowchart LR
    A[IS 6676 Definitions] --> B[Refer IS 707:1976 Glossary]
    A --> C[Timber Species List]
    A --> D[SI Units & Symbols]
    A --> E[Rounding Rules per IS 2:1960]

For detailed timber properties or test methods, refer to IS 707 and IS 2 standards respectively.

IS 6676: Key Materials Specifications & Tables for Timber Mallet Heads

1. Timber Species for Mallet Head (Appendix A):
The mallet head shall be made from any of these durable hardwood species:

• Acacia nilotica (babul)
• Albizia lebbeck (kokko)
• Chloroxylon swietenia (satinwood)
• Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo)
• Shorea robusta (sal)
• Tectona grandis (teak)
• Xylia xylocarpa (irul)
• And others (total 28 species listed)

2. Wedge Material (Clause 3.3):

• Wedges must be manufactured from any timber listed in Appendix A.

3. Units & Symbols (SI Units):

• Length: metre (m)
• Mass: kilogram (kg)
• Force: newton (N) = 1 kg·m/s²
• Pressure/Stress: pascal (Pa) = 1 N/m²

Summary Table: Selected Timber Species for Mallet Heads

Notes:

• Refer IS 707-1976 for timber definitions and rounding rules.
• Use hardwoods for durability and impact resistance.
• Ensure wedge and mallet head timber match for compatibility.

flowchart LR
    A[Timber Mallet Head] --> B{Select Timber Species}
    B --> C[From Appendix A List]
    A --> D[Wedge Material]
    D --> C

This ensures material compatibility and compliance with IS 6676.

IS 6676: Dimensions & Tolerances for Mallet (Clause 5)

• Handle fit tolerance:

  • Where handle fits the head: +3 mm
  • Other places: ± 2 mm

• Head manufacturing tolerance: Normal tolerances apply (no specific values given).

• Wedge: Must not be glued; after slit, press end 'A' and insert into the head.

• Dimensions: Refer to Fig. 1 (not provided here), all dimensions in millimeters.

• Workmanship (Clause 4.4):
  Immediately dip handle and head in raw linseed oil post-manufacture to reduce moisture changes and surface cracks.

Summary Table of Tolerances

Timber for Mallet Head (Appendix A)

Preferred species include Teak, Sal, Sissoo, Ebony, Satinwood, Babul, etc. (28 species listed).

Notes:

• Dimensions must comply with Fig. 1 (standard mallet dimensions).
• Use SI units (mm, kg, N, etc.) as per code.
• Wedge insertion is mechanical, no adhesive.

flowchart LR
    Handle -->|Fits into| Head
    Head -->|Slit for| Wedge
    Wedge -.->|No Glue| Head
    Handle & Head -->|Dip in| LinseedOil

This ensures dimensional accuracy and durability per IS 6676.

IS 6676 - Workmanship and Finish: Key Points

1. Dimensional Tolerances (Clause 5.2)

• Handle fit at head: +3 mm (maximum)
• Other places: ±2 mm
• Head: Normal manufacturing tolerances apply
• Wedge: Must NOT be glued; insert by pressing end 'A' after slit

2. Timber Species for Mallet Head (Appendix A)

Preferred woods include:

• Acacia nilotica (babul)
• Tectona grandis (teak)
• Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo)
• Chloroxylon swietenia (satinwood)
• Shorea robusta (sal)
• Others listed (total 28 species)

3. Workmanship Recommendations (Clause 4.4)

• Immediately after manufacture, dip handle and head in raw linseed oil at room temperature to reduce moisture changes and surface cracks.

4. Marking (Clause 3.1)

• Follow marking requirements as per Table 11 (not detailed here).

Summary Table: Dimensional Tolerances

flowchart LR
    A[Manufacture] --> B{Dip in raw linseed oil}
    B --> C[Retard moisture changes]
    B --> D[Prevent surface cracks]
    A --> E[Handle fit check (+3 mm)]
    A --> F[Other dimensions check (±2 mm)]
    A --> G[Insert wedge (no glue)]

This ensures durable, dimensionally accurate mallets with quality finish per IS 6676.

IS 6676 - Testing: Key Formulas, Tables & Specifications

1. Sampling & Conformity

• Sampling method and conformity criteria for mallets follow Appendix G of IS 620:1985.
• Final test values must be rounded per IS 2:1960 rules, maintaining significant figures as per specified values.

2. Timber Species for Mallet Heads (Appendix A)

• Includes 28 species like Acacia nilotica (babul), Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo), Tectona grandis (teak), Shorea robusta (sal), etc.
• Selection affects mallet performance and durability.

3. Units & Symbols (SI Units)

• Length: m (metre)
• Mass: kg (kilogram)
• Force: N (newton) = 1 kg·m/s²
• Stress/Pressure: Pa (pascal) = 1 N/m²
• Energy: J (joule) = 1 N·m

4. Testing Notes

• Use IS 707:1976 definitions for timber terms.
• Ensure representative samples are tested for mechanical properties.

Summary Table: SI Units Relevant to Testing

This ensures standardized testing and reporting for mallet quality per IS 6676.

IS 6676 - Treatment of Mallet Handles and Heads

Key Treatment Specification (Clause 4.4):

• Immediately after manufacture, dip the handle and head in raw linseed oil at room temperature.
• This treatment:
  • Retards moisture content changes
  • Prevents surface cracks

Recommended Timber Species for Mallet Heads (Appendix A)

• Examples:
  • Acacia nilotica (babul)
  • Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo)
  • Shorea robusta (sal)
  • Tectona grandis (teak)
  • Chloroxylon swietenia (satinwood)

Units and Definitions (SI Units)

Summary Diagram: Treatment Process

flowchart LR
    A[Manufacture of Handle & Head] --> B[Immediate Dipping in Raw Linseed Oil]
    B --> C[Retard Moisture Changes]
    B --> D[Prevent Surface Cracks]

Note: Proper treatment ensures durability and performance of mallet heads and handles by stabilizing moisture content and minimizing defects.

IS 6676: Packing Specifications for Mallets

Key Clause on Packing (Clause 9.1)

• Mallets shall be securely tied.
• Packed in gunny cloth.
• Packed in convenient lots for easy handling during transit.

Timber Species for Mallet Heads (Appendix A)

Common species include:

• Acacia nilotica (babul)
• Tectona grandis (teak)
• Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo)
• Chloroxylon swietenia (satinwood)
• Others (total 28 species listed)

Dimensional Tolerances (Clause 5.2)

• Handle where the head fits: +3 mm
• Other places: ±2 mm
• Head: normal manufacturing tolerances
• Wedge not to be glued; insert wedge after pressing end 'A'.

Units and Symbols (SI Units)

• Length: m (metre)
• Mass: kg (kilogram)
• Force: N (newton) = 1 kg·m/s²
• Pressure/stress: Pa (pascal) = 1 N/m²

Summary Table: Packing Requirements

flowchart LR
    A[Mallet Heads] --> B[Tied Securely]
    B --> C[Packed in Gunny Cloth]
    C --> D[Grouped in Convenient Lots]
    D --> E[Easy Handling During Transit]

Note: For detailed workmanship and sampling, refer IS 620:1985 Appendix G.

Sampling & Criteria for Conformity (IS 6676:1986)

• Sampling Method:
  Refer to Appendix G of IS 620:1985 for detailed procedures on drawing representative samples of mallets. This ensures samples reflect the batch quality.

• Criteria for Conformity:
  The sampled mallets must meet the specifications in IS 6676 and IS 620. Non-conformance leads to rejection or re-sampling.

• Timber Species (Appendix A, Clause 3.1):
  Approved species for mallet heads include:

  • Acacia nilotica (babul)
  • Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo)
  • Tectona grandis (teak)
  • Shorea robusta (sal)
  • And 24 other species listed in the standard.

• Units & Symbols:
  Use SI units as per IS standards, e.g.,

  • Length (m), Mass (kg), Force (N = kg·m/s²), Stress (Pa = N/m²).

Summary Table: Sampling & Conformity Reference

flowchart TD
    A[Batch of Mallets] --> B[Sampling as per IS 620:1985 Appendix G]
    B --> C{Sample Meets Criteria?}
    C -->|Yes| D[Accept Batch]
    C -->|No| E[Reject or Re-sample]

For exact sampling sizes and acceptance numbers, consult Appendix G of IS 620:1985 directly.

IS 6676 - Marking of Mallets: Key Points & Specifications

Clause 11.1 - Marking Requirements:

• Each mallet must be legibly and indelibly marked with:
  • Manufacturer's name, initials, or recognized trade-mark
  • Year of manufacture

Clause 11.1.1 - ISI Certification Mark:

• Mallets may bear the ISI Certification Mark.
• ISI Mark ensures compliance with the standard through inspection, testing, and quality control.
• Use of ISI mark is regulated by the Indian Standards Institution (Certification Marks) Act.

Clause 3.1 & Appendix A - Timber Species for Mallet Heads:

• Mallet heads should be made from specified timber species such as:
  • Acacia nilotica (babul)
  • Dalbergia sissoo (sissoo)
  • Shorea robusta (sal)
  • Tectona grandis (teak)
  • And others listed (total 28 species)

Summary Table for Marking

Additional Notes:

• Sampling and conformity criteria follow IS 620:1985 Appendix G.
• Marking must be durable and clear for traceability and quality assurance.

flowchart LR
    A[Mallet] --> B[Marking]
    B --> C[Manufacturer's Name/Initials/Trade-mark]
    B --> D[Year of Manufacture]
    B --> E[ISI Certification Mark (optional)]

This ensures traceability, quality, and compliance with IS standards.

IS 6676: Timber Species & Specifications for Mallet Head

Key Specifications (Clause 3.1 & 3.3):

• Timber Species: Must be selected from those listed in Appendix A of IS 6676.
• Moisture Content: ≤ 15% (well-seasoned timber).
• Grain Inclination: Not exceeding 1 in 20.
• Quality: Free from sapwood, pith, decay, insect attack, knots, cracks, splits, shakes, or any defect reducing durability.

Appendix A (Typical Timber Species for Mallet Heads):

Note: Refer to Appendix A in IS 6676 for the full list.

Summary Table of Key Requirements:

Practical Tips:

• Use well-seasoned hardwoods for longevity.
• Avoid timber with grain deviations or defects to prevent splitting under impact.
• Ensure uniform grain direction for strength.

flowchart LR
    A[Select Timber Species] --> B{Is species in Appendix A?}
    B -- Yes --> C[Check moisture ≤ 15%]
    C --> D[Check grain inclination ≤ 1:20]
    D --> E{Any defects?}
    E -- No --> F[Accept timber for Mallet Head]
    E -- Yes --> G[Reject timber]
    B -- No --> G

For detailed species list and further manufacturing guidelines, consult Appendix A and related clauses of IS 6676.