wood wool for general packaging purposes

IS 1707: Scope - Key Formulas, Tables & Specifications

Scope Overview:

• IS 1707 covers specifications and testing methods for wood wool cement boards.
• It includes sampling, moisture content determination, compressibility, and shock absorption tests.

Key Specifications & Formulas

1. Sampling (Clause 4.1.2)

2. Moisture Content Determination (Appendix B, Clause 5.1)

[ \text{Moisture Content %} = \frac{W_1 - W_0}{W_0} \times 100 ]

• (W_1) = Mass of sample before drying
• (W_0) = Oven-dry mass of sample

Note: Prevent moisture change between sampling and weighing.

3. Shock Absorbing Test (Clause 1.2)

• Maximum rebound in 10 drops: ≤ 75 mm (10% of drop height)

4. Units (SI Units)

Summary Diagram: Sampling & Moisture Content

flowchart TD
    A[Lot Size Determined] --> B{Lot Size?}
    B -->|≤50| C[Select 2 bales]
    B -->|51-150| D[Select 3 bales]
    B -->|>150| E[Select 5 bales]
    F[Sample Collected] --> G[Weigh Sample (W1)]
    G --> H[Oven Dry Sample]
    H --> I[Weigh Oven-Dry Sample (W0)]
    I --> J[Calculate Moisture Content %]

This concise summary captures the scope essentials of IS 1707 related to sampling, moisture content, testing limits, and units. For

IS 1707: Timber Suitable for Wood Wool

1. Suitable Timbers (Clause 2.1)

Wood wool shall be made from coniferous timbers only. Suitable species:

2. Timber Quality (Clause 2.1.1)

• Timber must be sound and adequately dry.
• Should be free from knots and cross grain as far as possible.

3. Strand Dimensions (Clause 3.2.1)

flowchart TD
    A[Coniferous Timber Selection] --> B{Species}
    B -->|Chir| C[Pinus roxburghii]
    B -->|Cypress| D[Cupressus torulosa]
    B -->|Deodar| E[Cedrus deodara]
    B -->|Fir| F[Abies spp.]
    B -->|Kail| G[Pinus wallichiana]
    B -->|Spruce| H[Picea smithiana]
    A --> I[Sound & Dry Timber]
    I --> J[Manufacture Wood Wool]
    J --> K[Strand Dimensions]
    K --> L[Width: 1.5-3 mm]
    K --> M[Thickness: ≤ 0.33 mm]
    K --> N[Length: ≥ 250 mm (75% strands)]

This summary ensures compliance with IS

IS 1707 — Key Requirements Summary

1. Criterion for Conformity (Clause 4.3):

• A lot is conforming if all samples meet test requirements.
• Sampling must be random to ensure representativeness.

2. Shock Absorbing Test (Clause 5.4.2, Appendix E):

• Rebound limit: ≤ 75 mm (10% of drop height) in all 10 drops.
• Test setup involves a frame guide block and wood wool specimen (Fig. 2).

3. Compressibility Test (Clause 5.4.1, Appendix D):

• Details specified in Appendix D (refer to IS 1707 for procedure).

4. Units and Symbols (SI Units):

Sampling & Testing Procedure (from Table E-1, Clause 1.2)

Summary Diagram: Testing Flow

flowchart TD
    A[Select Random Samples] --> B{Test Each Sample}
    B -->|Pass| C[All Samples Pass?]
    B -->|Fail| D[Lot Rejected]
    C -->|Yes| E[Lot Accepted]
    C -->|No| D

Note: For detailed test procedures, refer to Appendices D & E of IS 1707.

IS 1707 - Sampling: Key Formulas, Tables & Specifications

1. Scale of Sampling (Clause 4.1.2)

2. Criterion for Conformity (Clause 4.3)

• A lot is conforming if all selected samples satisfy test requirements.

3. Random Sampling Method (Clause 4.1.3)

• Arrange all bales serially.
• Select a random starting bale.
• Select every r-th bale, where:

[ r = \left\lfloor \frac{N}{n} \right\rfloor ]

• N = lot size, n = number of bales to select.

Summary Diagram

flowchart TD
    A[Lot of N bales] --> B[Arrange in serial order]
    B --> C[Select random start bale]
    C --> D[Select every r-th bale]
    D --> E[Sample of n bales]
    E --> F{Test all samples}
    F -->|All pass| G[Lot Conforming]
    F -->|Any fail| H[Lot Non-Conforming]

This ensures statistically valid, unbiased sampling per IS 1707.

IS 1707 — Key Formulas, Tables & Specifications for Tests

1. Number of Tests (Clause 4.2)

• Conduct 10 drops per test specimen.
• The rebound height after each drop shall not exceed 75 mm (10% of the drop height).

2. Rebound Limit (Clause 1.2, Table E-1)

3. Compressibility Test (Clause 5.4.1, Appendix D)

• Measures cushioning characteristics.
• Follow procedure in Appendix D for compressibility under specified load.

4. Units (SI Units Table)

• Length: m (metre)
• Force: N (newton) = 1 kg·m/s²
• Pressure/Stress: Pa (pascal) = 1 N/m²

Summary Diagram: Shock Absorbing Test Procedure

flowchart TD
    A[Start Test] --> B[Drop specimen from fixed height]
    B --> C[Measure rebound height]
    C --> D{Is rebound ≤ 75 mm?}
    D -- Yes --> E[Repeat for 10 drops]
    D -- No --> F[Fail test]
    E --> G{10 drops completed?}
    G -- Yes --> H[Pass test]
    G -- No --> B

Note: For detailed procedures, refer to Appendix D (Clause 5.4.1) for compressibility and cushioning tests.

IS 1707: Packing - Key Formulas and Specifications

Compressibility Test (Clause 5.4.1 & Appendix D)

• Sample: 150 g wood wool, conditioned at 65 ± 5% RH and 27 ± 2°C.
• Test Frame: 200 mm × 200 mm × 100 mm.
• Loading Plate: 195 mm × 195 mm cross-section.
• Loading Block: Hemispherical, radius = 50 mm.
• Compression Rate: 2 mm/min.
• Compression Limit: 50 mm (50% volume reduction).
• Measurements: Load at 50 mm compression and residual compression after load removal.

Procedure Summary:

1. Condition wood wool sample.
2. Fill frame simulating packaging compactness.
3. Apply load via hemispherical block at center of plate.
4. Record load at 50 mm compression.
5. Remove load and record residual compression.

Key Specification:

• Load to compress wood wool to half volume and residual compression must meet 5.4.1 requirements (refer to IS 1707 for exact load values).

flowchart LR
    A[Prepare 150g Wood Wool Sample] --> B[Condition at 65±5% RH, 27±2°C]
    B --> C[Fill 200x200x100 mm Frame]
    C --> D[Place 195x195 mm Plate]
    D --> E[Apply Load with 50 mm Radius Hemispherical Block]
    E --> F[Compress at 2 mm/min up to 50 mm]
    F --> G[Record Load at 50 mm Compression]
    G --> H[Remove Load]
    H --> I[Record Residual Compression]

This test ensures wood wool’s cushioning ability for packaging per IS 1707 standards.

IS 1707: Marking of Wood Wool Bales

Key Specifications (Clause 7.1)

Each bale of wood wool shall be legibly and indelibly marked with:

• Manufacturer's name, initials, or recognized trade-mark
• Year of manufacture
• Net weight of wood wool in kg
• The words "WOOD WOOL"

ISI Certification Mark (Clause 7.1.1)

• Optional marking with ISI Certification Mark.
• Indicates compliance with ISI quality control and continuous inspection.
• Use governed by Indian Standards Institution (Certification Marks) Act.

Additional Notes

• Marking can be by stamping or stenciling.
• Purchaser may specify additional marking details at order.

Summary Table for Marking Requirements

This ensures traceability, quality assurance, and compliance with IS 1707 standards.

IS 1707: Determination of Dust and Small Pieces in Wood Wool

Key Specifications (Clause 3.2.2 & 3.2.1)

• Strand Dimensions:
  • Width: 1.5 mm to 3 mm
  • Thickness: ≤ 0.33 mm
  • Length:
    • ≥ 250 mm in at least 75% of supply
    • Strands < 125 mm (including dust & small pieces < 25 mm) ≤ 10%
• Dust & Small Pieces Limit (Clause 3.2.2):
  • Dust/small pieces < 25 mm ≤ 5% by weight per bale (verified at manufacturer’s premises)

Determination Procedure (Appendix A)

1. Take ~400 g wood wool from the bale.
2. Shake in a bag and spread on a clean surface.
3. Visually and gravimetrically separate dust and small pieces (< 25 mm).
4. Calculate percentage by weight:

[ \text{Dust & Small Pieces %} = \frac{\text{Mass of dust + small pieces}}{\text{Total sample mass}} \times 100 \leq 5% ]

Moisture Content (Appendix B)

[ \text{Moisture %} = \frac{W_1 - W_0}{W_0} \times 100 ]

• ( W_1 ) = mass before drying
• ( W_0 ) = oven-dry mass

Summary Table: Strand Dimensions & Limits

This ensures quality control of wood wool for structural or insulation use, maintaining dimensional and contamination standards.

IS 1707 - Moisture Content Determination (Appendix B, Clause 5.1)

Key Formula:

[ \text{Percentage of Moisture} = \frac{W_1 - W_0}{W_0} \times 100 ]

• W₁ = Mass of the sample before drying (g)
• W₀ = Oven-dry mass of the sample (g)

Procedure Highlights:

• Sample mass is recorded before and after oven drying.
• Oven drying removes all moisture.
• Prevent moisture change between sampling, weighing, and drying.
• Moisture content for wood wool should be 5% to 15% at inspection time.

Conditioning & Sampling:

• Sample size: 150 g wood wool strands
• Condition at 65 ± 5% RH and 27 ± 2°C
• Fill in frame: 200 x 200 x 100 mm

Summary Table:

Important Note:

Moisture content varies with atmospheric conditions; measure at inspection time for acceptance.

flowchart TD
    A[Sample Collection] --> B[Weigh Sample (W₁)]
    B --> C[Oven Dry Sample]
    C --> D[Weigh Oven-Dry Sample (W₀)]
    D --> E[Calculate Moisture %]
    E --> F{Moisture 5-15%?}
    F -->|Yes| G[Accept Sample]
    F -->|No| H[Reject Sample]

This ensures reliable moisture content measurement per IS 1707.

IS 1707: Determination of pH Value (Clause 5.2 & Appendix C)

Procedure (Appendix C)

• Take 10 g sample from the prepared mass.
• Add 400 ml boiling distilled water, stir thoroughly.
• Let stand for 18 hours (avoid atmospheric contamination).
• Stir again, then stand for 1 hour.
• Decant 200 ml solution; filter if needed through dry sintered glass filter.
• Reject first 25 ml filtrate.
• Measure pH by a standard method (e.g., pH meter or indicator).

pH Limits (Clause 5.2)

• pH value of water extract shall be between 4.5 and 8.0.

Notes:

• Run a blank test simultaneously to check accuracy.
• Use distilled water for extraction to avoid impurities.

Summary Table

This method ensures reliable pH measurement of wood-based materials' water extract, critical for quality control in particle boards and related products.

IS 1707: Compressibility Test for Wood Wool (Appendix D, Clause 5.4.1)

Test Setup & Procedure

• Sample: 150 g wood wool strands, conditioned at 65 ± 5% RH and 27 ± 2°C.
• Mould size: Frame of 200 x 200 x 100 mm.
• Loading plate: Rigid plate of 195 x 195 mm.
• Load application: Hemispherical block radius 50 mm (Fig. 1).
• Compression rate: 2 mm/min.
• Compression limit: 50 mm (half volume compression).
• Measurement accuracy: 0.1 mm.

Key Specifications & Acceptance Criteria

Test Steps Summary

1. Fill conditioned wood wool in frame simulating packaging compactness.
2. Place rigid plate and hemispherical loading block centrally.
3. Compress at 2 mm/min until 50 mm compression.
4. Record load at 50 mm compression.
5. Remove load and record residual compression.

Illustration: Test Setup

graph TB
    A[Wood Wool Sample<br>150 g in 200x200x100 mm frame]
    B[Rigid Plate<br>195x195 mm]
    C[Hemispherical Loading Block<br>Radius 50 mm]
    D[Universal Testing Machine<br>Moving Head]
    A --> B --> C --> D

This test ensures wood wool cushioning meets load and recovery criteria per IS 1707.

IS 1707: Shock Absorption Test for Wood Wool (Clause 5.4.2 & Appendix E)

• Test Objective: Estimate cushioning by measuring rebound height after dropping a frame guide block on wood wool sample.
• Sample: Wood wool as per Clause 4.1.4.
• Procedure (Table E-1.2):
  • Drop height = 750 mm
  • Maximum allowed rebound = 10% of drop height = 75 mm
  • Test repeated for 10 drops; all rebounds ≤ 75 mm.

Key Specification:

Formula for Rebound Percentage:

[ \text{Rebound %} = \left(\frac{\text{Rebound height (mm)}}{\text{Drop height (mm)}}\right) \times 100 \leq 10% ]

Test Setup (Fig. 2 Summary):

• A frame guide block is dropped vertically on the wood wool sample.
• Measure rebound height after impact.
• Ensure consistent drop and measurement conditions.

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Wood Wool Sample] --> B[Set Drop Height = 750 mm]
    B --> C[Drop Frame Guide Block]
    C --> D[Measure Rebound Height]
    D --> E{Rebound ≤ 75 mm?}
    E -- Yes --> F[Pass Test]
    E -- No --> G[Fail Test]

Note: This test ensures wood wool slabs have adequate shock absorption per IS 1707 for cushioning applications.