Pitch-Mastic Flooring for Industries Handling Heavy Hydrocarbon Products Like Kerosene, Diesel and Furnace Oil

IS 15194: Scope - Key Specifications & Tables

Scope (Clause 3.1):
Defines terminologies as per IS 334 and additional terms specific to bituminous materials.

Key Tables & Specifications

1. Coarse Aggregate Size & Limits (Clause 4.3, Table 4)

2. Binder Constituents (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

Additional Notes

• Remelting at Site: Aggregate retained on 2.36 mm IS

IS 15194 - Referenced Indian Standards: Key Points

The standard references several Indian Standards (IS) related to bituminous materials, testing methods, and related chemicals:

Additional Notes:

• Standard Mark Usage: Governed by BIS Act 1986; license details available from BIS.
• Testing Protocols: Multiple tests require averaging at least 5 readings with specific rejection criteria (e.g., hardness readings differing by >2 units are discarded).
• Terminology: IS 334 provides standard definitions related to bitumen and tar.

Example: Water Content Test (Dean and Stark Method - IS 1211)

• Extract water from bituminous material using solvent.
• Measure volume of water separated.
• Calculate % water content as:

[ \text{Water Content (%)} = \frac{\text{Volume of water collected}}{\text{Weight of sample}} \times 100 ]

For full details, consult the respective IS documents listed above.

graph TD
  A[IS 15194] --> B[IS 216: Coal Tar Pitch]
  A --> C[IS 218: Cre

IS 15194 - Terminology & Key Specifications Summary

1. Terminology (Clause 3.1)

• Terminologies from IS 334:1982 (Glossary of terms relating to bitumen and tar) apply.
• Additional terms defined within IS 15194 supplement IS 334.

2. Marking (Clause 8.2.1)

• Use of Standard Mark follows BIS Act, 1986.
• Licensing details available from Bureau of Indian Standards.

3. Aggregate Size Limits for Carpet Thickness (Table 4, Clause 4.3)

4. Rounding Off (Annex B)

• Follow IS 2:1960 rules for rounding numerical values.
• Maintain same significant digits as specified values.

Quick Reference: Aggregate Sieve Sizes

flowchart LR
  A[IS 15194 Terminology] --> B[Refer IS 334 Glossary]
  A --> C[Additional Terms in IS 15194]
  D[Aggregate Size] --> E[Thickness 16 & 19 mm]
  D --> F[Thickness 25 mm]
  E --> G[≥85% retained on 600μ]
  E --> H[≥95% passing 3 mm]
  F --> I[Igneous rock: ≥75% retained 2.36 mm]
  F --> J[Siliceous grit:

IS 15194: Key Materials Specifications

1. Binder Constituents (Clause 4.1 & Table 1)

• Pitch Types:
  • a) High temperature pitch (steam-blown medium soft pitch)
  • b) Low temperature pitch (residue from low-temp coal carbonization)
  • c) Flux (coal tar oil residue)

2. Actual Binder Properties (Clause 4.2 & Table 2)

3. Aggregates (Clause 4.3)

• Fine Aggregate: Natural limestone with ≥85% calcium carbonate.
• Absorbent Filler: Up to 10% by weight of fine aggregate (if required).
• Coarse Aggregate:

IS 15194: Manufacture and Composition Summary

1. Binder Constituents (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

• High temperature pitch: Softening point 85-90°C, specific gravity 1.25-1.35.
• Low temperature pitch: Softening point 68-74°C, specific gravity 1.15-1.20.
• Flux: Specific gravity 0.98-1.05, used for blending.

2. Binder Properties (Clause 4.2, Table 2)

3. Aggregates (Clause 4.3, Table 3)

• Fine aggregate: Limestone with ≥85% CaCO₃.
• Absorbent filler: Up to 10% by weight of fine aggregate.
• Coarse aggregate: Graded siliceous/igneous

IS 15194: Hardness Number - Key Points & Formulas

Definition (Annex D, Clause D-1.1)

• Hardness Number (HN) = depth of penetration (in hundredths of cm) of a flat-ended steel rod (diameter = 6.35 mm)
• Load applied = 31.7 kg for 1 minute
• Test temperature = 35°C ± 0.5°C or 45°C ± 0.5°C
• Load corresponds to 100 kg/cm² pressure

Test Procedure (Clause 5.1 & Annex D)

• Perform duplicate tests.
• If difference between duplicates > 0.4, discard and retest.
• If difference ≤ 0.4, report both values and mean.

Sampling & Temperature Control (Clause 3.1.2)

• Cool sample ≥ 3 hours in air or ≥ 1 hour in cold running water.
• Immerse sample in water at test temperature (±0.1°C) for ≥ 1 hour before testing.

Apparatus (Fig.4 Summary)

• Flat-ended indenter pin (6.35 mm dia)
• Weights to apply 31.7 kg load
• Calibrated dial gauge for penetration depth
• Water bath with temperature control ±0.5°C

Formula for Hardness Number (HN):

[ HN = \text{Depth of penetration (cm)} \times 100 ]

Where depth is measured by the dial gauge under the specified load and temperature.

flowchart LR
A[Sample Preparation] --> B[Cooling & Temperature Conditioning]
B --> C[Apply Load (31.7 kg)]
C --> D[Measure Penetration Depth]
D --> E[Calculate Hardness Number (HN)]
E --> F{Duplicate Tests}
F -->|Difference ≤ 0.4| G[Report Mean HN]
F -->|Difference > 0.4| H[Repeat Test]

Summary: The hardness number quantifies mastic hardness by penetration depth under a fixed load and temperature, ensuring repeatability within 0.4 units difference.

IS 15194: Sampling and Criteria for Conformity

Key Points from Clause 7 (Sampling & Conformity Criteria):

• Sampling: Samples must be taken as per prescribed methods to represent the batch.
• Hardness Number: Determined according to Annex D.
• Criteria for Conformity (Clause 7.4): The product conforms if all tested parameters meet specified limits.

Aggregate Size Limits (Clause 4.3, Table 4):

Summary Table for Sampling & Conformity:

Additional Notes:

• Sampling must ensure representativeness to avoid bias.
• Testing methods are standardized; e.g., hardness by Annex D.
• Conformity is declared only if all parameters meet limits.

flowchart TD
    A[Sampling of Batch] --> B[Testing for Hardness (Annex D)]
    A --> C[Aggregate Size Testing (Clause 4.3)]
    B & C --> D{All Parameters Within Limits?}
    D -- Yes --> E[Conformity Declared]
    D -- No --> F[Batch Rejected or Reprocessed]

**Use this summary for quick reference on sampling and conformity in

IS 15194: Marking - Key Points & Specifications

Clause 8.2.1 - Use of Standard Mark

• Governed by Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986.
• License conditions for Standard Mark use are regulated by BIS.
• Manufacturers must obtain license details from BIS.

Clause 8.2 - Marking Permission

• Pitch-mastic flooring may be marked with the Standard Mark after compliance.

Related Tables for Context:

Summary for Marking:

• Marking applies post-manufacture and quality compliance.
• Standard Mark ensures quality assurance under BIS.
• Marking is a license privilege, not automatic.

flowchart LR
    A[Manufacture of Pitch-Mastic] --> B[Quality Testing per IS 15194]
    B --> C{Meets IS Requirements?}
    C -->|Yes| D[Apply Standard Mark (with BIS license)]
    C -->|No| E[No Marking - Rework/Reject]

Note: For detailed marking procedure and license application, consult BIS directly as per Clause 8.2.1.

IS 15194 - List of Referenced Indian Standards (Key Extracts)

The standard references various IS codes primarily related to bituminous materials, testing methods, and materials specifications:

Additional Notes:

• These referenced standards cover material specifications, test methods for bituminous and tar materials, and aggregate testing.
• IS 334 provides terminology crucial for understanding bitumen and tar-related terms.
• Testing methods include specific gravity, softening point, water content, distillation, and volatile matter determination.

Summary Table of Key Test Methods (Example):

Fumes Test Method as per IS 15194 (Annex B, Clause 4.5)

Purpose: Check for offensive fumes from binder material.

Procedure:

• Take 300 g of the material under test.
• Place in a round-bottomed basin of 4.5 inches (114 mm) diameter.
• Heat on a sand-bath, stirring constantly.
• Increase temperature to 180°C within 30 minutes.
• Immediately after reaching 180°C, stop heating.
• Test fumes by smell and observe effects on eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
• Conduct the test at about 2 inches (51 mm) above the material surface right after stirring.

Key Specifications:

Important Notes:

• Binder shall produce no offensive fumes (Clause 4.2.1).
• Use solvents like benzene (IS 1840) or trichloroethylene (IS 245) for related tests.
• Ensure solvent purity if reused (avoid acidity).

flowchart TD
    A[Start: 300g sample in basin] --> B[Heat on sand-bath]
    B --> C{Temperature reaches 180°C?}
    C -- No --> B
    C -- Yes --> D[Stop heating]
    D --> E[Stir and test fumes at 2" above surface]
    E --> F{Fumes offensive?}
    F -- Yes --> G[Reject binder]
    F -- No --> H[Accept binder]

This method ensures safe, standardized evaluation of fumes from binders per IS 15194.

IS 15194: Determination of Binder Content & Fine Aggregates

1. Binder Content Calculation

The binder content B (%) on a dry sample basis is calculated by:

[ B = 100 \times \frac{W_1 - (W_2 + W_3)}{W_1} ]

• (W_1) = Mass of sample (g)
• (W_2) = Mass of recovered aggregate in gauze cylinder (g)
• (W_3) = Mass of residue after solvent evaporation (g)

2. Fine Aggregate Specifications (Clause 4.3)

• Fine aggregate: Natural limestone or rock ground to grading per Table 3 (not fully provided).
• Calcium carbonate content ≥ 85% by weight.
• Absorbent filler (if used) ≤ 10% by weight of total fine aggregate.

3. Coarse Aggregate Size & Limits (Table 4)

4. Binder Properties (Table 2)

IS 15194: Method for Determining Hardness Number

Key Definitions (Annex D, Clause D-1.1)

• Hardness Number (HN) = Depth of penetration × 100 (in hundredths of cm)
• Indentor: Flat-ended steel rod, 6.35 mm diameter
• Load: 31.7 kg applied for 1 minute
• Test temperature: 35°C ± 0.5°C or 45°C ± 0.5°C
• Load pressure equivalent: 100 kg/cm²

Procedure Highlights (Clause 3.1.2)

• Sample conditioning:
  • Cool in air for ≥ 3 hours or in cold running water for ≥ 1 hour
  • Immerse in water at test temperature ± 0.1°C for ≥ 1 hour before testing
• Indentation depth measured by calibrated dial gauge

Precision Criteria (Clause 5.1)

• Perform duplicate tests
• If difference > 0.4, discard and repeat
• If difference ≤ 0.4, report individual and mean hardness numbers

Apparatus Components (FIG. 4)

• Indentor spindle (D), weights (B, C), calibrated dial (M), heater and thermostat controls (R), water bath with stirrer (P), support brackets (L)

Summary Table for Hardness Number Calculation

flowchart LR
    A[Sample Preparation] --> B[Conditioning at Test Temperature]
    B --> C[Apply Load (31.7 kg) for 1 min]
    C --> D[Measure Indentation Depth]
    D --> E[Calculate Hardness Number = Depth × 100]
    E --> F{Duplicate Tests}
    F -->|Difference ≤ 0.4| G[Report Mean & Individual Values]
    F -->|Difference > 0.

IS 15194: Committee Composition

• The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of IS 15194 is detailed in Annex E of the standard.
• No direct clause or table specifies the committee members or their qualifications in the main body.
• Typically, such committees include experts from:
  • Government agencies
  • Research institutions
  • Industry representatives
  • Academia
  • User organizations

Summary of Relevant Tables (for context):

Key Notes on Committee Composition (General IS Practice):

• Committees are multidisciplinary.
• Members have expertise in material science, pavement engineering, quality control, and testing.
• The committee ensures the standard meets practical and technical requirements.

flowchart LR
    A[Committee Composition] --> B[Government Experts]
    A --> C[Industry Representatives]
    A --> D[Academia]
    A --> E[Research Institutes]
    A --> F[User Organizations]

For exact members and roles, refer to Annex E of IS 15194.