Guidelines for Maintenance Management of Buildings, Part 3: Labour

IS 15183 Part 3: Scope - Key Specifications & Tables

• Scope: Defines norms for employment of workmen based on building type and plinth area, ensuring adequate labor allocation for construction.

1. Rounding Off Values

• Follow IS 2:1960 rules.
• Retain the same significant figures as specified in the standard.

2. Norms for Employment of Workmen

• Shramik/Unskilled worker:
  • Residential: 1 per mason + 0.5 per carpenter/plumber + 150% additional workers of total above.
  • Non-residential: 150% of total masons, carpenters, and plumbers.

This ensures proper workforce planning based on building size/type for efficient construction management.

IS 15183 Part 3: Definitions & Key Specifications

1. Definitions

• This part refers to definitions in IS 15183 Part 1 for terminology used.
• Final test or analysis values must be rounded as per IS 2:1960 rules, keeping significant figures consistent with specified values.

2. Norms for Employment of Workmen (Clause 4.2.1)

Notes:

• Plinth area units are in 100,000 m².
• Shramik (unskilled labor) is calculated as specified to ensure adequate workforce.

This table guides workforce planning for construction projects per building type and size.

flowchart TD
    A[Plinth Area] --> B{Residential or Non-Residential?}
    B -->|Residential| C[Select Flat Size]
    C -->|≤35

IS 15183 Part 3 focuses on Labour Management in building maintenance, emphasizing efficient and economic use of labor resources.

Key Points on Labour Management (IS 15183 Part 3):

• Definition: Labour management involves planning, organizing, and controlling labor resources to optimize productivity and cost-effectiveness.
• Objectives:
  • Ensure skilled labor availability.
  • Minimize idle time and wastage.
  • Maintain labor welfare and motivation.
• Labour Productivity Formula:

[ \text{Labour Productivity} = \frac{\text{Output (work done)}}{\text{Labour Input (man-hours)}} ]

• Labour Utilization:

[ \text{Labour Utilization (%)} = \frac{\text{Actual working hours}}{\text{Total available hours}} \times 100 ]

• Labour Cost Control:
  • Track man-hours vs. planned hours.
  • Use work measurement techniques.

Suggested Labour Management Table (Example):

flowchart LR
    A[Labour Planning] --> B[Skill Assessment]
    B --> C[Work Allocation]
    C --> D[Monitoring & Control]
    D --> E[Performance Evaluation]
    E --> A

Summary: IS 15183 Part 3 guides on optimizing labour through planning, skill management, and productivity monitoring to ensure cost-effective building maintenance.

Labour Requirement for Day-to-Day Building Maintenance (IS 15183 Part 3)

1. Civil Works (Clause 4.2)

• Day-to-day maintenance staff handles routine repairs.
• Annual repairs (painting, whitewashing, alterations) usually contracted out.
• Spare capacity may be used for minor works.

2. Electrical Works (Clause 4.3.1)

Notes:

• Maintenance staff mainly handle routine internal wiring.
• Specialized repairs are excluded.
• Plinth area calculation as per IS 3861 guides civil maintenance planning.

flowchart TD
    A[Building Category] --> B[Determine No. of Points]
    B --> C[Calculate Wireman & Assistant Wireman]
    C --> D[Apply Ratios from Table 4.3.1]
    D --> E[Assign Supervising Staff if applicable]

This framework ensures adequate labour allocation for efficient building maintenance.

IS 15183 Part 3: General Labour Intensity in Building Maintenance

Key Points from Clause 4 (Labour Requirement):

• Building maintenance is highly labour-intensive.
• Day-to-day maintenance includes minor repairs and upkeep.
• Major repairs or additions usually outsourced.
• Spare labour capacity can be used for petty works.

Labour Intensity Yardsticks (Indicative):

Plinth Area Calculation:

• As per IS 3861, plinth area includes covered areas measured at floor level.

Practical Formula for Labour Estimation:

[ \text{No. of workers} = \frac{\text{Plinth Area (m}^2\text{)}}{\text{Labour Intensity Factor (m}^2/\text{worker)}} ]

Where labour intensity factor = 100 to 150 m²/worker for routine maintenance.

Summary:

• Use 1 worker per 100-150 m² plinth area for daily civil maintenance.
• Outsource major repairs; use spare labour for minor works.
• Calculate plinth area as per IS 3861 for accurate labour estimation.

flowchart LR
    A[Building Maintenance] --> B[Day-to-Day Maintenance]
    A --> C[Annual Repairs / Additions]
    B --> D[Routine Civil Works (1 worker/100-150 m²)]
    B --> E[Minor Repairs (Spare Labour)]
    C --> F[Contractor Work]

IS 15183 Part 3: Norms for Employment of Workmen

a) Residential Buildings (Per 100,000 m² Plinth Area)

b) Non-Residential Buildings (Per 100,000 m² Plinth Area)

Notes:

• Shramik/Unskilled workers are calculated based on skilled workers plus an additional 150% allowance.
• These norms help in planning labor deployment for efficient construction and maintenance.

Multidisciplinary Training (Clause 5.3):

• Workers like plumbers, masons, carpenters, wiremen, operators, and drivers are encouraged to acquire cross-skills for flexibility.

flowchart TD
    A[Plinth Area] -->|Residential| B[Calculate Skilled Workers]

IS 15183 Part 3 — Electrical Engineering Works Maintenance

Key Specifications from Clause 4.3.1 (Day-to-Day Maintenance)

Summary:

• Routine maintenance covers internal wiring only; specialized repairs excluded.
• Staffing is based on number of points (wiring points, fixtures, etc.).
• Supervisory staff is required mainly for high tension or complex installations.
• Ratios ensure adequate manpower for efficient maintenance.

Practical Use:

• Calculate total points → assign wiremen and assistants accordingly.
• Add supervisors if high tension or substation involved.
• Example: A hospital with 4,600 points requires 2 wiremen per 2,300 points → 4 wiremen and 2 assistants (ratio 2:1).

flowchart TD
    A[Total Wiring Points] --> B{Category of Building}
    B -->|Residential| C[1 Wireman per 3300 points]
    B -->|Monumental/Hospitals| D[1 Wireman per 2300 points]
    B -->|Press/Workshops| E[1 Wireman per 2800 points]
    B -->|Schools/Colleges| E
    B -->|Airports| F[1 Wireman per 2500 points]

    C --> G[Wireman : Assistant Wireman = 4:

IS 15183 Part 3: Multidisciplinary Training of Workmen

Key Points from Clauses 5.2 & 5.3:

• Objective: Train workmen in multiple skills to improve maintenance quality and speed up complaint resolution involving multiple disciplines.
• Testing: After training, workmen are tested and then assigned multidisciplinary responsibilities.

Table 5: Multidisciplinary Skills for Workmen

Employment Norms (Clause 4.2.1) for Workmen per 100,000 m² Plinth Area

• Residential Buildings:

• Non-Residential Buildings:

Committee Composition (IS 15183 Part 3)

The Committee responsible for the formulation of IS 15183 Part 3 is the Building Construction Practices Sectional Committee, CED 13.

Key Organizations Represented:

• Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai
• Builders Association of India, Chennai
• Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee
• Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
• Delhi Development Authority, New Delhi
• Engineers India Limited, New Delhi
• Hindustan Prefab Ltd, New Delhi
• Housing and Urban Development Corporation, New Delhi
• Indian Institute of Architects, Mumbai
• Ministry of Railways, Lucknow
• National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd, New Delhi
• Public Works Departments of various states (Arunachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu)
• State Bank of India, New Delhi
• Structural Engineering Research Centre, Chennai
• BIS Directorate General

Key Representatives:

• Chairman: Shri A. K. Sarkar
• Member-Secretary: Shri Alok Kesari (Assistant Director, BIS)
• Various Chief Engineers, Superintending Engineers, and representatives from government departments and industry.

Summary Table of Committee Structure

This committee ensures the standard reflects a broad consensus from government, research, industry, and professional bodies.

If you need workmen employment norms or multidisciplinary training tables, please specify.