Clay ridge and ceiling tiles-Specification

IS 1464: Scope & Key Specifications for Ridge and Ceiling Tiles

Scope

• Applies to ridge and ceiling tiles used in roofing.
• Tiles classified into Class AA and Class A based on performance.
• Two types of ceiling tiles:
  • Double lug (Fig. 2A)
  • Single lug (Fig. 2B)

Key Specifications (Table 1)

Breaking Strength Calculation (Clause 4.1)

• Breaking strength (N/mm) = Breaking Load (N) ÷ Length of tile (mm)
• Average and individual values are reported.

Rounding Off (General)

• Follow IS 2:1960 for rounding numerical values.
• Retain significant figures as per the specified value.

Diagrams Reference

• Fig. 1: Ridge Tile
• Fig. 2A & 2B: Ceiling Tiles (Double Lug & Single Lug)
• Fig. 3: Flexural Strength Test Setup

This standard ensures quality control and classification for roofing tiles, guiding manufacturers and users on performance criteria.

IS 1464 Key References for Ridge and Ceiling Tiles

1. Classification and Requirements (Table 1)

2. Tile Types (Clause 6.2.2)

• Double lug type (Fig. 2A)
• Single lug type (Fig. 2B)

3. Breaking Strength Calculation (Clause 4.1)

• Breaking strength (N/mm) = Breaking load (N) ÷ Length of tile (mm)
• Average breaking strength is calculated from individual values.

4. Rounding Off (Clause None)

• Follow IS 2:1960 for rounding test results, maintaining the same significant figures as specified.

Summary Diagram: Tile Types

graph LR
A[Double Lug Tile] -->|Fig 2A| Dimensions
B[Single Lug Tile] -->|Fig 2B| Dimensions

Note: Always verify with the latest edition and amendments from BIS.

IS 1464 - Definitions & Key Specifications for Ridge and Ceiling Tiles

Definitions (Clause 3.1)

• As per IS 2248:1991 definitions apply for terms related to roofing tiles.

Types of Ceiling Tiles (Clause 6.2.2)

• Double Lug (Fig. 2A)
• Single Lug (Fig. 2B)

Classification & Requirements (Table 1)

Breaking Strength Calculation (Clause 4.1)

• Breaking Strength (N/mm) = Breaking Load (N) / Length of Tile (mm)
• Average and individual values must be reported.

Dimensions (All in mm)

• Refer Fig. 1 (Ridge Tile) and Fig. 2 (Ceiling Tiles) for:
  • Length (A)
  • Width (B)

Summary Diagram: Types of Ceiling Tiles

graph LR
A[Double Lug Tile] -->|Dimensions| B(Length A, Width B)
C[Single Lug Tile] -->|Dimensions| D(Length A, Width B)

Note: Always round off test results as per IS 2:1960 rules to match significant digits of specified values.

IS 1464: Classification of Ridge and Ceiling Tiles

1. Classes of Tiles

• Class AA (Higher quality)
• Class A (Standard quality)

2. Types of Ceiling Tiles (Clause 6.2.2)

• Double Lug (Fig. 2A)
• Single Lug (Fig. 2B)

3. Key Requirements (Table 1)

• Breaking strength values in parentheses are in kgf (1.5 kgf, 1.25 kgf, etc.).

4. Dimensions (All in mm)

• See Fig. 1 (Ridge Tile)
• Fig. 2A (Double Lug Ceiling Tile)
• Fig. 2B (Single Lug Ceiling Tile)

5. Rounding Off

• Follow IS 2:1960 for rounding test results to the same significant figures as specified.

Summary Diagram of Classification

graph TD
    A[Tiles] --> B[Classification]
    B --> C[Class AA]
    B --> D[Class A]
    A --> E[Types of Ceiling Tiles]
    E --> F[Double Lug]
    E --> G[Single Lug]
    C --> H[Water Absorption ≤ 18%]
    D --> I[Water Absorption ≤ 20%]
    C --> J[Breaking Strength ≥ 0.015 kN]
    D --> K[Breaking Strength ≥ 0.011 kN]

This classification ensures quality control based on water absorption and mechanical strength for durability and performance.

IS 1464: Material Requirements for Ridge and Ceiling Tiles

Types of Ceiling Tiles (Clause 6.2.2)

• Double lug (Fig. 2A)
• Single lug (Fig. 2B)

Key Specifications (Table 6.2.2)

• Water absorption is average of 6 tiles (Clause 3.2).
• Breaking strength = Breaking load / tile length (N/mm) (Clause 4.1).

Important Dimensions (All in mm)

• A: Length of ceiling tile at bottom
• B: Width of ceiling tile at bottom

Breaking Strength Calculation (Clause 4.1)

[ \text{Breaking Strength (N/mm)} = \frac{\text{Breaking Load (N)}}{\text{Length of tile (mm)}} ]

Summary Diagram

flowchart LR
    A[Tile Sample] --> B[Water Absorption Test (Annex A)]
    A --> C[Breaking Strength Test (Annex B)]
    C --> D[Calculate Breaking Strength = Load / Length]
    B --> E[Max Water Absorption: 18% (AA), 20% (A)]
    D --> F[Min Breaking Strength: 0.015 kN (AA), 0.011 kN (A)]

Note: Follow IS 2:1960 for rounding off test results.

IS 1464: Shape, Dimensions, and Tolerances for Tiles

1. Ridge Tiles (Clause 6.2.1)

• Length (A): 375, 400, or 435 mm ± 5 mm (face to face, excluding catch)
• Triangle in Elevation:
  • Base: 265 mm ± 5 mm
  • Height: 100 mm ± 5 mm
• Thickness: Minimum 10 mm throughout (excluding ornamentation)
• Rib: Rear rib must prevent sliding of interlocked tiles

2. Ceiling Tiles (Clause 6.2.2)

• Two types:
  • Double Lug (Fig. 2A)
  • Single Lug (Fig. 2B)
• Dimensions labeled as:
  • A: Length at bottom
  • B: Width at bottom

3. Key Specifications (Table 1)

Summary Diagram: Ridge Tile Dimension

graph TD
    A[Length (375/400/435 ±5 mm)]
    B[Base of triangle (265 ±5 mm)]
    C[Height of triangle (100 ±5 mm)]
    D[Thickness ≥ 10 mm]
    A --> B
    B --> C
    C --> D

Note: Tiles must be free from visible impurities; occasional particles ≤ 2 mm allowed. Tiles should give a ringing sound when struck and have a clean fracture.

IS 1464: Sampling and Identification - Key Points

Sampling Procedure (Clause 7.1)

• Samples must be taken following a defined procedure ensuring representativeness.
• Each sample should be properly packed and preserved to avoid contamination or damage.

Facilities for Sampling and Identification (Clause 7.2)

• Manufacturer/supplier must provide:
  • Necessary facilities, labor, and materials for sampling.
  • Proper marking and identification of each specimen for traceability.

Identification Requirements

• Each specimen must be marked clearly for unambiguous identification at any time.
• Marking should include batch number, date, and any relevant manufacturing details.

Rounding Off Results (Clause 8 & IS 2:1960)

• Test results must be rounded off according to IS 2:1960:
  • Retain the same number of significant digits as specified in the standard.
  • Example: If specified value is 0.025 (3 significant digits), round test results accordingly.

Summary Table: Sampling & Identification

flowchart TD
    A[Start Sampling] --> B[Provide Facilities & Labour]
    B --> C[Take Representative Sample]
    C --> D[Pack & Preserve Sample]
    D --> E[Mark Specimen with ID]
    E --> F[Testing & Analysis]
    F --> G[Round Off Results per IS 2:1960]
    G --> H[Compliance Decision]

This ensures traceability, accuracy, and compliance with IS 1464 standards.

IS 1464: Non-Compliance with Tests (Clause 8)

• If any tile in the first sample fails a test (Clause 4.1 requirements), a second sample must be drawn and tested.
• If any tile in the second sample also fails, the entire lot is rejected.

Key Specifications & Tables (Relevant to Testing)

Rounding Off Test Results (Clause 8)

• Use IS 2:1960 rules for rounding off numerical values.
• Retain the same number of significant places as the specified value.

Summary Flow for Non-Compliance Testing

flowchart TD
    A[Sample 1 Testing] -->|Pass| B[Lot Accepted]
    A -->|Fail| C[Sample 2 Testing]
    C -->|Pass| B
    C -->|Fail| D[Lot Rejected]

Note: Sampling and identification must follow Clause 7.2 for traceability during testing.

IS 1464: Certificate of Compliance & Key Specifications

Certificate of Compliance (Clause 9.1)

• Manufacturer must ensure tiles conform to IS 1464 requirements.
• Upon request, a Certificate of Compliance must be provided to the purchaser.
• This certificate confirms adherence to all relevant tests and standards.

Key Specifications from IS 1464

• Types of Ceiling Tiles:

  • Double Lug (Fig. 2A)
  • Single Lug (Fig. 2B)

• Dimensions (all in mm) for ceiling tiles are defined in Fig. 2.

Testing & Compliance (Clause 8.1)

• If any tile in sample fails, a second sample is tested.
• Failure in second sample → entire lot rejected.

Rounding Off (IS 2:1960)

• Final test values rounded to same decimal places as specified values.

flowchart TD
    A[Sample Tiles] --> B{Pass Test?}
    B -- Yes --> C[Accept Lot]
    B -- No --> D[Second Sample Tested]
    D --> E{Pass Second Test?}
    E -- Yes --> C
    E -- No --> F[Reject Lot]

Summary: Ensure water absorption and breaking strength meet Class AA/A limits, test rigorously, and provide compliance certificate per IS 1464.

IS 1464 - Marking Specifications

• Clause 10.1:
  Each tile must be legibly and indelibly marked with the source of manufacture.

  • Marking area ≤ 5% of tile area.

• Clause 10.1.1:
  Tiles may also carry the BIS Standard Mark, indicating compliance with BIS quality control.

Key Formula for Breaking Strength (Clause 4.1, Table B-4)

[ \text{Breaking Strength (N/mm)} = \frac{\text{Breaking Load (N)}}{\text{Length of Tile (mm)}} ]

• Average breaking strength is calculated from multiple specimens.
• Express results in N/mm.

Marking Summary

flowchart LR
    A[Tile] --> B[Marking Area ≤ 5%]
    B --> C{Marking Content}
    C --> D[Source of Manufacture]
    C --> E[Optional BIS Standard Mark]
    D & E --> F[Legible & Indelible Marking]

This ensures traceability and quality assurance per IS 1464.

IS 1464: Water Absorption Test for Tiles

Key Specifications & Procedure

• Specimens: 6 tiles dried in oven at 105 ± 2°C until constant weight.
• Weigh dry specimen (A).
• Immerse in clean water (24–30°C) for 24 hours.
• Remove, wipe surface water, weigh wet specimen (B) within 3 minutes.

Formula for Water Absorption

[ \text{Percentage Absorption} = \frac{(B - A)}{A} \times 100 ]

• A: Weight of dry specimen (g)
• B: Weight after 24h immersion (g)

Reporting

• Calculate average water absorption of all 6 tiles.
• Report as average percentage water absorption.

Summary Table

flowchart TD
    A[Dry 6 Tiles at 105±2°C] --> B[Weigh Dry Specimens (A)]
    B --> C[Immerse in Water (24-30°C) for 24h]
    C --> D[Remove & Wipe Surface Water]
    D --> E[Weigh Wet Specimens (B) within 3 min]
    E --> F[Calculate % Water Absorption]
    F --> G[Average & Report Results]

This test ensures tile durability and quality per IS 1464 standards.

IS 1464: Determination of Breaking Strength for Ridge Tiles

Test Setup (Clause 3.1, Fig. 3)

• Specimens: 6 ridge tiles soaked in water for 24h (wet condition).
• Support: Two rubber strips, 25 mm thick, under longitudinal edges.
• Load Application: Wooden block (75×100×300 mm) lined with rubber, placed symmetrically on ridge.
• Loading Rate: 270 kg/min uniform load applied on the block.

Key Formula (Clause 4.1)

Calculate breaking strength (N/mm) as:

[ \text{Breaking Strength} = \frac{\text{Breaking Load (N)}}{\text{Length of tile (mm)}} ]

• Compute for each tile and report the average.
• Express results in N/mm.

Ridge Tile Dimensions (Clause 6.2.1)

Summary Diagram of Test Setup

flowchart LR
    A[Rubber Strip (25 mm thick)]
    B[Tile edges resting on rubber strips]
    C[Wooden block (75×100×300 mm) with rubber lining]
    D[Load applied vertically at uniform rate]

    A --> B
    B --> C
    C --> D

Note: Water absorption (%) is also measured per Clause 3.2 for quality control but is separate from breaking strength.

This method ensures consistent, repeatable flexural strength measurement of ridge tiles as per IS 1464.