Hot Press Moulded Thermosetting Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyester Resin (GRP) Sectional Water Storage Tanks, Part 1: panels, Part 2 Guidelines for assembly, installation and test

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Scope - Key Specifications & Test Criteria

Scope:
Covers mechanical/physical properties and tests for fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) panels.

Table 1: Mechanical/Physical Properties, Acceptance Criteria & Test Methods

Hydrostatic Test (Annex H)

Tensile Strength Calculation (Annex B)

[ \text{Tensile Strength (TS)} = \frac{L_B}{A} ]

• (L_B) = Load at break (N)
• (A) = Original cross-sectional area (mm²)

Sampling & Conformity

• Based on IS 2500 Part 1: 1992
• Special inspection level S-3
• Acceptance quality level 2.5

flowchart LR
    A[Prepare Test Specimen] --> B[Tensile Test (Annex B)]
    A --> C[Bending Test (Annex C)]
    A --> D[Elastic Modulus Test (Annex D)]
    A --> E[Glass Content Test (Annex E)]
    A --> F[Barcoal Hardness Test (Annex F)]
    A --> G[Water Absorption Test (Annex G)]
    H[Hydrostatic Test (Annex H)] --> I[Panel Type A, B, C]

For detailed specimen preparation and test procedures, refer to respective Annexes B to H of IS 14399 Part 1-2.

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Key Definitions, Properties & Tests Summary

1. Definitions (Clause 3.0)

• Clauses 3.1 to 3.12 define terms specific to the standard (refer IS 14399 Part 1 for exact definitions).

2. Mechanical/Physical Properties & Acceptance Criteria (Clause 8.2, Table 1)

3. Hydrostatic Test (Clause 9, Annex H)

4. Water Absorption Calculation (Annex G)

[ A = \frac{W_2 - W_1}{W_1} \times 100% ]

• (W_1) = mass before immersion (mg)
• (W_2) = mass after immersion (mg)
• Test: 24 ± 1 h immersion in distilled water at 27 ± 2°C.

5. Specimen Conditioning & Testing

• Condition at 27°C ± 2°C, 65% ± 5% RH for 40 h.
• Minimum 8 readings for hardness (avoid edges and previous indentations).
• Specimen thickness ≥ 1.5 mm and minimum 3 mm from indentor to edge.

flowchart LR
    A[Specimen Preparation] --> B[Conditioning 40h @ 27°C, 65% RH]
    B --> C[Mechanical Tests]
    C --> D[Tensile Strength (Annex B)]
    C --> E[Bending Strength (Annex C)]
    C --> F[

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Key Material Specifications & Tests

Important Formulas

• Tensile Strength (TS):

[ TS = \frac{L_B}{A} ]

Where:

• (L_B) = Load at break (N)

• (A) = Original cross-sectional area (mm²)

• (TS) = Tensile strength (MPa)

• Water Absorption (A):

[ A = \frac{W_2 - W_1}{W_1} \times 100 ]

Where:

• (W_1) = Mass before immersion (mg)
• (W_2) = Mass after immersion (mg)

Hydrostatic Pressure Test (Annex H)

Specimen Preparation Highlights

• Tensile test specimens: Rectangular strips, 230 mm long × 25 ± 0.5 mm wide, thickness = sheet thickness, with bonded end pieces ≥ 3 mm thick.
• Conditioning: Test at 27 ± 2°C, specimens conditioned for 2 hours (tensile) or 40 hours (hardness).
• Water absorption specimens: 38 ± 0.5 mm square, smooth edges.

This ensures material compliance with IS 14399 for mechanical and physical properties, crucial for structural integrity.

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Design and Construction Key Points

1. Mechanical/Physical Properties (Clause 8.2, Table 1)

2. Hydrostatic Test (Clause 9)

Panels must withstand these pressures without bursting, cracking, or leakage.

3. Panel Types and Thickness (Clause 6.4)

4. Panel Location by Tank Depth (Clause 6.1)

This summary covers critical acceptance criteria, panel types, thickness, and testing requirements for design and construction per IS 14399 Part 1-2.

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Assembly & Installation Guidelines - Key Points

1. Assembly of Tanks (Clause 6.1, Table 1)

• Refer to Fig. 3 for flange joint types.
• External dimension tolerance: ±0.2%
• Angular tolerance: ±0.3°

2. Mechanical/Physical Properties & Acceptance Criteria (Clause 8.2, Table 1)

3. Hydrostatic Test (Clause 9)

• No bursting, cracking, or leakage allowed.

4. Water Absorption Calculation (Annex G)

[ A = \frac{W_2 - W_1}{W_1} \times 100% ]

• (W_1): Mass before immersion (mg)
• (W_2): Mass after 24h immersion in distilled water at 27°C ± 2°C (mg)

5. **Hardness Test

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Dimensional Tolerances Summary

Clause 6.3: Dimensional Tolerances

• External dimensions tolerance: ±0.2% of the panel's external size.
• Angular tolerance: ±0.3°.

Sampling & Conformity (Clause 12.1.1)

• Based on General Inspection Level II.
• Acceptance Quality Level (AQL): 2.5 (per IS 2500 Part 1:1992).
• Single normal sampling plan applies.

Key Formula for Tensile Strength (Annex B, Clause 8.2)

[ \text{Tensile Strength (TS)} = \frac{L_B}{A} ]

• (L_B) = Load at break (N)
• (A) = Cross-sectional area (mm²)
• TS in MPa

Test Specimen Dimensions (Annex B)

• Length: ≥ 230 mm
• Width: 25 ± 0.5 mm
• Thickness: same as sheet thickness
• End pieces thickness: ≥ 3 mm

Summary Table: Dimensional Tolerances

flowchart TD
    A[Panel External Dimensions] -->|±0.2% tolerance| B[Measured Dimensions]
    A -->|±0.3° tolerance| C[Angles]
    D[Sampling Plan] -->|General Inspection Level II| E[Acceptance Quality Level 2.5]
    F[Tensile Test] -->|TS = LB/A| G[Tensile Strength Calculation]

References:

• IS 2500 (Part 1): Sampling procedures
• Annex B: Tensile strength specimen preparation and testing
• Annex C: Bending strength test details

This concise summary provides key dimensional tolerance limits and related testing procedures per IS 14399 Part 1-2.

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Visual Inspection of Panels (Clause 7)

Key Visual Inspection Criteria: Panels' internal and external surfaces must be free from:

• Small pits on the surface
• Poor impregnation of fiberglass with resin
• Cuts, cracks, scratches exposing glass reinforcement
• Sharp projections or exposed fibers near surface
• Surface and non-structural repair marks
• Blisters caused by air pockets

Panel Colour:

• Shades of grey or cream preferred
• Other pastel shades allowed by mutual agreement (Clause 4.5)

Related Specifications Summary:

Hydrostatic Test (Clause 9):

Panels must withstand these pressures without bursting, cracking, or leakage.

Sampling for Inspection (Clause 12.1.1):

• Use IS 2500 (Part 1):1992 Level II inspection
• Acceptance Quality Level (AQL) = 2.5
• Single normal sampling plan

flowchart TD
    A[Start Visual Inspection] --> B{Defects Present?}
    B -- No --> C[Panel Accepted]
    B -- Yes --> D{Type of Defect}
    D --> E[Surface Pits, Blisters]
    D --> F[Exposed Fibers, Cuts, Cracks]
    D --> G[Repair Marks]
    E & F & G --> H[Reject or Repair per Spec]

This ensures panels meet IS 14399 quality and durability requirements.

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Mechanical & Physical Properties Summary

Key Properties & Acceptance Criteria (Clause 8.2, Table 1)

Important Formulas

• Tensile Strength (TS):

[ TS = \frac{L_B}{A} ]

Where:

• (L_B) = Load at break (N)

• (A) = Cross-sectional area (mm²)

• Bending Strength (S):

[ S = \frac{P \times L}{b \times d^2} ]

Where:

• (P) = Load at fracture (N)
• (L) = Support span (m)
• (b) = Specimen breadth (m)
• (d) = Specimen thickness (mm)

Test Specimen Details

• Tensile Test Specimen:
  Rectangular strip, ≥230 mm length, width 25 ± 0.5 mm, thickness = panel thickness, with bonded end pieces (≥3 mm thick).

• Bending Test Specimen:
  Rectangular bar, length ≥ 24 × thickness, breadth 10–25 mm, thickness = panel thickness.

• Test Conditions:
  Temperature: 27 ± 2°C, cross-head speed: 5 mm/min (bending test).

Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance (Clause 9)

This concise summary provides essential mechanical and physical property requirements, test specimen preparation, and calculation formulas as

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Hydrostatic Test Key Points

1. Pressure Gauge Specification

• Graduation: 10 kPa
• Accuracy: ±1% full scale

2. Test Conditions

• Temperature: ≤ 40℃
• Test specimen thickness: ≥ 1.5 mm
• Distance from indentor to edge: ≥ 3 mm
• Conditioning: 27±2℃, 65±5% RH for at least 40 hours

3. Hydrostatic Pressure Calculation

[ P = g \times h \times \rho \times S ]

4. Test Procedure

• Fix panel on hydrostatic tester (Fig. 5)
• Fill chamber with water, evacuate air
• Increase pressure by 5 kPa/min until calculated (P)
• Pass criteria: No bursting, crack, or leakage

flowchart TD
    A[Fix panel on tester] --> B[Fill chamber with water]
    B --> C[Evacuate air]
    C --> D[Increase pressure by 5 kPa/min]
    D --> E{Pressure = P?}
    E -- No --> D
    E -- Yes --> F{No leakage/crack?}
    F -- Yes --> G[Pass Test]
    F -- No --> H[Fail Test]

This ensures reliable performance under hydrostatic pressure per IS 14399 Part 1-2.

Deflection Test - IS 14399 Part 1-2 Key Points

Specimen Setup:

• Rectangular bar: 12.70 ± 0.50 mm wide, length = 24 to 30 × thickness.
• Thickness = panel thickness; breadth (b) & thickness (d) measured to ±0.03 mm.
• Supports: Two parallel V-shaped supports with edges radius 1.5 to 3.5 mm.
• Support span, ( L = 16 \times d ) (nearest 1 mm).

Loading:

• Load applied via a nose radius of 5 mm, midway between supports.
• Deflection rate = 5 mm/min.
• Deflection measured at center with dial gauge (range ≥ 25 mm, accuracy 0.01 mm).

Elastic Modulus in Bending (EMOD) Calculation

[ \text{EMOD} = \frac{4 P L^3}{b d^3 D} ]

• Report EMOD as average of all specimens.
• Acceptance criteria: EMOD ≥ 6000 MPa.

Summary Table: Mechanical Properties & Criteria

flowchart LR
    A[Specimen Preparation] --> B[Place on V-shaped Supports

Potability Testing as per IS 14399 Part 1-2

Key Points from Clauses 11 & 12 and Annex J:

• Type Test Frequency (Clause 12.2):

  • Potability tests are type tests.
  • Repeat test if material/process changes.
  • Mandatory repeat every 3 years even without changes.

• Test Parameters (Annex J):

  • Effect on Taste, Odour, Colour, Turbidity
  • Presence of Toxic Metals
  • Cytotoxicity
  • Microbiological Growth

• Microbiological Growth Limits (Clause 11.5 & Table 2):

• Microbiological Testing Timeframe:

  • Counts measured at 4, 5, and 6 weeks after inoculation.
  • Counts must be less than 10x control flask counts or within Table 2 limits.

• Other Criteria:

  • No visible film or turbidity.
  • Confirmed by microbiological examination.

Summary Diagram of Potability Testing Process

flowchart TD
    A[Material/Process Change or 3 Years Passed] --> B[Potability Type Test]
    B --> C{Tests Conducted}
    C --> D[Taste, Odour, Colour, Turbidity]
    C --> E[Toxic Metals]
    C --> F[Cytotoxicity]
    C --> G[Microbiological Growth]
    G --> H[Check counts at 4,5,6 weeks]
    H --> I{Counts < Limits?}
    I -->|Yes| J[Pass]
    I -->|No| K[Fail - Review Material/Process]

Note: Maintain working pressure for 4 hours during testing (Clause 10.1.4) to simulate real conditions.

This ensures GRP tanks do not adversely affect potable water quality per IS 143

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Acceptance Tests & Sampling

1. Sampling & Acceptance Criteria

Sampling assumes a single normal sampling plan.

2. Mechanical/Physical Properties (Table 1 - Clause 8.2)

3. Hydrostatic Test (Clause 9)

No bursting, cracking, or leakage allowed.

4. Deflection Test

• Refer Clause 10 and Annex for detailed procedure.
• Ensures panel stiffness and structural performance.

flowchart TD
    A[Sampling] -->|Dimensional & Visual| B[General Inspection Level II, AQL 2.5]
    A -->|Mechanical & Hydrostatic| C[Special Inspection Level S-3, AQL 2.5]
    C --> D[Mechanical/Physical Tests]
    D --> E[Tensile, Bending, Elastic Modulus, Glass Content,

IS 14399 Part 1-2: Marking and Certification Key Points

1. BIS Certification Marking (Clause 13.2)

• Panels may be marked with the BIS Standard Mark.
• Use of the Standard Mark follows the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986.
• Licensing details are available from BIS.

2. Panel Marking Requirements (Clause 13.1)

Panels must be permanently and legibly marked with:

• Manufacturer's identification
• Type and thickness of the panel
• Lot number or serial number

3. Mechanical Properties & Acceptance Criteria (Table 1, Clause 8.2)

4. Tensile Strength Calculation (Annex B)

[ \text{Tensile Strength (TS)} = \frac{L_B}{A} ]

• (L_B) = Load at break (N)
• (A) = Original cross-sectional area (mm²)

5. Hydrostatic Test (Clause 9)

Summary Diagram: Panel Marking & Certification Flow

flowchart TD
    A[Manufacture Panel] --> B[Mark with Manufacturer ID]
    B --> C[Mark Type & Thickness]
    C --> D[Mark Lot/Serial Number]
    D --> E[Apply BIS Standard Mark (optional)]
    E --> F[Mechanical Testing per Annexes]
    F --> G{Meets Acceptance Criteria?}
    G -- Yes -->

Glass Content Test Method (IS 14399 Part 1-2)

Key Equipment (Clause 8.2 Annex E)

• Weighing balance (±10 mg accuracy)
• Muffle furnace (575°C ± 25°C)
• Crucible (preheated & tared)
• Desiccator
• Standard sieve (200 mesh) for samples with filler/colouring agent

Specimen Requirements (E-2)

• Mass ≥ 5 g
• Rectangular shape preferred, area ≥ 400 mm², shorter edge ≥ 12 mm
• 2 specimens (no filler/colouring agent), 3 specimens (with filler/colouring agent)

Test Procedure Summary

1. Weigh empty crucible (W1).
2. Place specimen + crucible, dry at 105-110°C until constant mass (W2).
3. For samples without filler/colouring agent:
   • Heat at 575°C ± 25°C in muffle furnace until residue (glass) is white.
   • Cool, weigh repeatedly until constant mass (W3).
4. For samples with filler/colouring agent:
   • Heat at 575°C ± 25°C until resin burns out.
   • Wash residue, filter through 200 mesh sieve.
   • Dry residue at 105-110°C until constant mass (W4).

Calculation of Glass Content

• Without filler/colouring agent (E-4.1):

[ \text{Glass Content %} = \frac{W_3 - W_1}{W_2 - W_1} \times 100 ]

• With filler/colouring agent (E-4.2):

[ \text{Glass Content %} = \frac{W_4 - W_1}{W_2 - W_1} \times 100 ]

Acceptance Criteria (Table 1, Clause 8.2)

flowchart TD
    A[Weigh empty crucible (W1)] --> B[Add specimen + crucible, dry at 105-110°C]
    B --> C[Weigh until constant mass (W2)]
    C --> D{Sample

Hydrostatic Tester (IS 14399 Part 1-2) Key Points

Description & Setup

• Minimum pressure: 200 kPa (Clause 1.1)
• Pressure gauge: Graduation 10 kPa, accuracy ±1% full scale (Clause 1.2)
• Test specimen thickness: ≥ 1.5 mm, with ≥ 3 mm edge clearance from indentor (Clause 1.5)
• Test temperature: 27°C ± 2°C, humidity 65 ± 5% (Clause 1.5 & II-3)
• Specimen conditioning: 27°C ± 2°C, 65 ± 5% RH for ≥ 40 h (Clause F-4)
• Number of readings: Minimum 8 per sample, avoiding edges and previous impressions (Clause F-5)

Procedure (Clause II-5)

• Fix panel on hydrostatic tester (Fig. 5)
• Fill with water, evacuate air completely
• Increase pressure at 5 kPa/min increments until test pressure P achieved
• No bursting, cracking, or leakage = pass

Pressure Calculation (Clause II-4)

[ P = g \times h \times \rho \times S ]

Summary Table