Specification for portable fire extinguisher dry powder type (constant pressure)

IS 13849: Scope - Key Specifications & Tables

Scope:
IS 13849 specifies requirements for portable dry powder fire extinguishers (stored pressure type) including performance, construction, and testing.

Key Table: Fire Extinguisher Performance (Clause 10.5.1)

• Jet range is measured from nozzle to center of discharge pattern.
• Ensures effective discharge duration and reach for fire suppression.

Additional Notes:

• Materials: Stainless steel sheet per IS 6911 for certain components.
• Quality control sampling per lot size (Clause 1.2.2):

This scope ensures minimum performance criteria for fire extinguishers to be reliable and effective in firefighting.

IS 13849 - Key Specifications for Materials of Fire Extinguishers (Clause 5.1 & related)

Important Notes:

• Body shape: Cylindrical; filler opening ≥ 20 mm diameter.
• Rubber washers/O-rings: Must resist corrosion after 10 min dip in 20% H₂SO₄ & 5% NaOH.
• Burst pressure for hoses: Minimum 50 kgf/cm² (5 MN/m²).
• K-coefficient for burst pressure test (Clause 7.1.1):

IS 13849: Construction Requirements - Key Formulas, Tables & Specs

1. General & Specific Requirements (Clauses 11.1 & 11.2)

• Construction must ensure durability, safety, and compliance with material standards (e.g., stainless steel sheet as per IS 6911).
• Components should pass physical and mechanical tests (e.g., burst pressure, specific gravity).

2. Fire Extinguisher Performance (Clause 10.5.1, Table)

• Range measured from nozzle to center of discharge pattern.

3. Physical Tests on Caps (Clause 1.1, Table C-1)

Summary

• Use stainless steel (IS 6911) for certain parts.
• Fire extinguisher discharge times and ranges are standardized by capacity.
• Caps must meet strict physical property criteria.

flowchart TD
    A[Material Selection] --> B[Physical Tests]
    B --> C[Specific Gravity]
    B --> D[Melting Point]
    B --> E[Ash Content]
    A --> F[Construction]
    F --> G[Fire Extinguisher Performance]
    G --> H[Jet Throw Duration]
    G --> I[Discharge Time]
    G --> J[Range]

This ensures safe, reliable, and

IS 13849: Anti-Corrosive Treatment Key Points

1. Coating Requirements (Clause 8.1):

• Material: Lead-tin alloy (tin ≥ 10%)
• Method: Hot dipping or electrolytic process
• Minimum thickness: 0.012 mm
• Measurement: As per IS 3203:1982
• Alternative: Epoxy powder coating with minimum thickness 0.050 mm

2. Alternative Treatment (Clause 8.2):

• Phosphating per IS 3618:1966 can be applied on external surfaces instead of lead-tin coating.

3. Acid Resistance Test (Clause 3.2):

• Submerge sample in 10% HCl for 72 hours at 27 ± 3°C
• No discoloration, distortion, or deterioration allowed post-test

Summary Table

Measurement Reference: IS 3203:1982

• Specifies methods for measuring coating thickness (micrometer, magnetic, or other standard methods).

flowchart LR
    A[Surface Preparation] --> B{Choose Coating}
    B -->|Lead-Tin Alloy| C[Hot Dipping/Electrolytic]
    B -->|Epoxy Powder| D[Powder Coating]
    B -->|Phosphating| E[Phosphating per IS 3618]
    C --> F[Thickness ≥ 0.012 mm]
    D --> G[Thickness ≥ 0.050 mm]
    E --> H[Apply per IS 3618]
    F & G & H --> I[Acid Resistance Test]
    I --> J{No deterioration after 72h in 10% HCl}

This ensures durable corrosion protection complying with IS 13849 specifications

IS 13849: Design and Dimensions Key Points

1. Minimum Wall Thickness Calculation (Clause 7.1.1)

• For cylindrical portion:

  [ t = \frac{200 \times 0.8 \times J \times R_e + p \times h - p \times h}{p \times h \times D_o \times k_z} ]

• For tori-spherical part or end:

  [ t = \frac{200 \times 0.8 \times J \times R_e + p \times h \times 4}{p \times h \times D_o \times k} ]

• For semi-ellipsoidal part or end:

  [ t = \frac{p \times h \times D_o \times k (0.65 + 0.1 k)}{200 \times 0.8 \times J \times R_e + p \times h \times 4} ]

Where:

2. Materials of Construction (Clause 5.1, Table 1)

IS 13849: Valve and Discharge Fittings Key Points

1. Discharge Nozzle (Clause 7.5.1)

• Must be either screwed to valve body/hose or integral to valve body.
• Nozzle design & orifice size must meet performance requirements (Clause 10.5).

2. Valve Design (Clause 7.4)

• Valve shall conform to Fig I' (refer IS 13849 for dimensional details).

3. Syphon Tube (Clause 7.5.4)

• Fitted by press fit, soldering, brazing, or suitable threads per IS 2643 (Part 2):1975.
• Must not be completely removable during use.
• Should be notched or secured to avoid unintended discharge blockage.

4. Anti-Corrosive Treatment (Clause 8)

• All fittings require appropriate anti-corrosive treatment to ensure durability.

Typical Valve Nozzle Orifice Sizing (per Clause 10.5)

flowchart LR
  ValveBody -->|Screwed or Integral| DischargeNozzle
  DischargeNozzle -->|Fitted with| SyphonTube
  SyphonTube -.->|Notched/secured| PreventBlockage
  ValveBody -->|Anti-Corrosive Treatment| Durability

For detailed dimensions and performance, consult Fig I' and Clause 10.5 in IS 13849.

IS 13849 – Performance Test (Clause 10.5)

Key Requirements for Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers:

• Discharge Capacity: ≥ 85% by mass of rated powder content.
• Nozzle Angle: 45° above horizontal.
• Temperature: 27 ± 5°C.
• Weather: Still conditions.
• Discharge Form: Continuous jet.

Performance Table (Clause 10.5.1)

• Jet Range measured from nozzle to center of discharge pattern.

Sampling (Clause 1.2.4)

• One sample tested per lot.
• Lot passes only if sample meets performance criteria.

Additional Physical Test for Caps (Clause 1.1)

Summary Diagram of Performance Test Setup

flowchart LR
    A[Extinguisher] --> B[Nozzle @ 45°]
    B --> C[Continuous Jet Discharge]
    C --> D[Measure Jet Range & Duration]
    D --> E{Discharge ≥ 85% mass?}
    E -- Yes --> F[Pass Test]
    E -- No --> G[Fail Test]

This ensures reliable extinguisher performance under specified conditions as per IS 13849.

Hydrostatic Pressure Test (IS 13849 - Clause 10.1)

• Test Pressure: 30 MN/m² (30 kgf/cm²)
• Duration: 2 minutes
• Requirement: No rupture, leakage, or visible distortion
• When: Before anti-corrosive coating & painting

Key Formulae for Minimum Thickness (Clause 7.1.1)

Additional Specifications

• Weld Joint Factor (J): 0.9
• Yield Strength (R): As per relevant IS standards
• Test Pressure (p_h): 30 kgf/cm² (hydrostatic test pressure)

Summary Diagram

graph TD
A[Extinguisher Body] --> B[Apply Hydrostatic Pressure: 30 kgf/cm²]
B --> C{Duration: 2 minutes}
C --> D[Check for Rupture]
C --> E[

IS 13849: Leakage and Retention of Pressure Tests

Leakage Test (Clause 10.3)

• Cover extinguisher valve with an inverted transparent glass jar.
• Immerse fully in water tank for 24 hours.
• No air bubbles should appear inside the glass jar after 24 hours.
• Bubbles in the first 6 hours can be ignored.

Retention of Pressure Test (Clause 10.3.1)

• Discharge extinguisher for 2 seconds; note pressure drop ( \Delta P_1 ).
• After 15 minutes, note pressure drop again ( \Delta P_2 ).
• Variation between ( \Delta P_1 ) and ( \Delta P_2 ) must be ≤ 5%.
• Repeat test twice; take mean pressure drop.
• After 2 discharge cycles, keep extinguisher for 24 hours.
• Pressure drop after 24 hours ≤ 5% to pass.

Summary Table

flowchart TD
    A[Start Leakage Test] --> B[Invert glass jar on valve]
    B --> C[Immerse extinguisher in water tank]
    C --> D[Wait 24 hours]
    D --> E{Any bubbles inside jar?}
    E -- No --> F[Test Passed]
    E -- Yes --> G[Test Failed]

    H[Start Pressure Retention Test] --> I[Discharge 2 sec, note ΔP1]
    I --> J[Wait 15 minutes]
    J --> K[Note ΔP2]
    K --> L{Variation ≤ 5%?}
    L -- Yes --> M[Repeat test once more]
    M --> N[Calculate mean ΔP]
    N --> O[After 2 cycles, rest 24 hours]
    O --> P[Check pressure drop ≤ 5%]
    P -- Yes --> Q[Test Passed]
    P -- No --> R[Test Failed]

This ensures extinguisher integrity and safety compliance per IS 13849.

IS 13849: Drop Test (Clause 10.4)

• Test Conditions:

  • Temperature: 27°C ± 5°C
  • Extinguisher filled to:
    • 90% volume with water, or
    • 80% volume with dry powder
  • Pressurized to rated pressure

• Drop Test Procedure:

  1. Drop extinguisher from 3 m height onto concrete.
  2. First drop: cylinder axis horizontal.
  3. Second drop: cylinder axis vertical (head up).
  4. Pressure gauge removed during test.
  5. Check for leakage by immersing in water—no leakage allowed.

Related Performance Table (Clause 10.5.1)

Summary:

• The 3 m drop ensures mechanical shock resistance.
• Extinguisher must not leak post-drop.
• Drop test simulates real-world handling shocks to verify durability.

flowchart LR
    A[Fill Extinguisher] --> B[Pressurize to Rated Pressure]
    B --> C[Drop from 3 m - Horizontal Axis]
    C --> D[Drop from 3 m - Vertical Axis (Head Up)]
    D --> E[Check for Leakage by Water Immersion]
    E --> F{Leakage?}
    F -- No --> G[Test Passed]
    F -- Yes --> H[Test Failed]

IS 13849: Marking and Labeling of Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers

Clause 11.1 - Mandatory Markings: Each extinguisher must be clearly and permanently marked with:

• Manufacturer's name or trademark.
• Method of operation (prominent letters).
• The words "Dry Powder Extinguisher" stored pressure type.
• Capacity in kg.
• The phrase "Recharge After Use".
• Declaration: Body tested to pressure of 30 kgf/cm².
• Instruction: "Keep This End Up".
• Letter indicating suitability for fire classes (e.g., BC or ABC).
• Year of manufacture and serial number.
• Fire class (BC or ABC).

Clause 9.3 - Fire Class Marking:

• Mark with 'BC' or 'ABC' as per IS 2190:1992.
• Size and color of letters and symbols must comply with IS 2171:1985.

Table: Minimum Jet Throw and Discharge Times (Clause 10.5.1)

Additional References:

• Colour and size of markings: IS 5:1978 (Colours for paints)
• Fire class symbols: IS 2171:1985
• Fire extinguisher selection & maintenance: IS 2190:1992

flowchart TD
    A[Extinguisher Body] -->|Markings| B[Manufacturer Name]
    A --> C[Operation Method]
    A --> D["Dry Powder Extinguisher" Label]
    A --> E[Capacity (kg)]
    A --> F["Recharge After Use"]
    A --> G[Pressure Test Declaration]
    A --> H["

IS 13849: Sampling and Conformity Criteria

Key Points from IS 13849:

• Sampling Plan (Clause 1.2.2 / Table B-1.1):
  Sample size depends on lot size for quality-controlled production:

  No. of Items in Lot	Sample Size
  Up to 25	3
  26 to 50	5
  51 to 100	8
  101 to 200	8% of lot

• Conformity Criteria (Clause 1.2.3.1):
  All samples tested must pass for the entire lot to be accepted.

• Rationale (Clause B-0.1):
  High reliability is critical due to the risk of fire extinguisher failure; hence stringent sampling and testing.

Summary:

• Sampling: Randomly select samples as per lot size table.
• Acceptance: Zero tolerance for failures in tested samples.
• Purpose: Ensure reliability through strict quality control.

flowchart TD
    A[Lot of Fire Extinguishers] --> B[Random Sampling as per Table]
    B --> C{All Samples Pass?}
    C -- Yes --> D[Lot Accepted]
    C -- No --> E[Lot Rejected]

This ensures high confidence in product reliability per IS 13849.

IS 13849: Optional ECO-Mark Requirements (Clause 11)

• 11.1.1: Any fire extinguisher with BIS Standard Mark is eligible for ECO-Mark consideration.
• 11.1.2: Manufacturer must submit environmental clearances:
  • Consent under Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
  • Consent under Water Cess Act, 1977
  • Consent under Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
  • Authorization under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (if applicable)
• 11.1.3: Products may briefly display criteria on which ECO-Mark is awarded.

Summary Table for ECO-Mark Application Requirements

Note: No specific formulas or numerical tables are provided in this clause; focus is on compliance documentation for ECO-Mark eligibility.

IS 13849: Referenced Standards Summary

IS 13849 (Portable Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers - Stored Pressure) refers extensively to Indian Standards for materials, construction, testing, and performance. Key referenced standards include:

Important Notes:

• These standards cover materials (steel, copper alloys), dimensions (pipe threads, screw threads), powder specifications, and testing methods.
• Annex A and D in IS 13849 list detailed standards necessary for compliance.
• Standards are subject to revision; always verify the latest editions.

Example: Discharge Performance (Clause 10.5.1)

flowchart LR
    A[IS 13849 Standard] --> B[Material Specs (IS 513, 6912)]
    A --> C[Thread Dimensions (IS 2643, 4218)]
   

IS 13849: Key Safety & Operational Instructions for Portable Fire Extinguishers

1. Fire Extinguisher Performance (Clause 10.5.1 Table)

• Throw duration: Minimum time the jet must be maintained.
• Discharge time: Time to release at least 85% of contents.
• Range: Distance from nozzle to center of discharge pattern.

2. Environmental Specifications (Clause 11.2.1 & 11.2.3)

• Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) & Global Warming Potential (GWP) are listed, e.g.:
  • Halon 1301: ODP = 10.0, GWP = 5600
  • FM 200: GWP = 3300
• Use non-ODS and low GWP agents where possible.

3. Marking & Sampling (Clause 11.1.1 & 12)

• Extinguishers must bear Standard Mark.
• Sampling and conformity criteria are detailed in Annex B.

Summary Diagram of Fire Extinguisher Jet Performance

flowchart LR
    A[Fire Extinguisher Capacity (kg)] --> B[Jet Throw Duration (s)]
    B --> C[Discharge Time for 85% Contents (s)]
    C --> D[Jet Range (m)]
    style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style D fill:#bbf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

Use this table and specifications to ensure compliance and operational safety of portable fire extinguishers per IS 13849.