Bitumen-based felts - Method of the test, Part 1: Breaking strength test

IS 13826 Part 1: Scope - Key Points & Specifications

• Scope Definition: The standard applies to testing and specifying properties of waterproofing and damp-proofing materials, primarily bituminous fabrics.

• Rounding Off: Final test or analysis values must be rounded as per IS 2:1960, retaining the same significant figures as specified in the standard.

• Breaking Strength Testing:

  • Average breaking strength is calculated from five test pieces in both warp and weft directions.
  • Test pieces are cut from the roll as per Fig. 1 layout (warpway and weftway samples A, B).

• Reference Glossary: Use IS 4911:1980 for terminology related to bituminous waterproofing and damp-proofing.

Key Table Extract: Reporting of Breaking Strength (Clause 6.2)

Summary Diagram: Test Piece Cutting Layout (Simplified)

flowchart LR
    Roll -->|Cut Samples| Warpway[A: Warp direction samples]
    Roll -->|Cut Samples| Weftway[B: Weft direction samples]
    Warpway -->|Test| BreakingStrengthWarp
    Weftway -->|Test| BreakingStrengthWeft

Note: The standard emphasizes quality control and compliance with BIS inspection and licensing rules for product marking.

IS 13826 Part 1: Definitions - Key Points & Specifications

• Reference for Terms: Use IS 4911:1980 for glossary on bituminous waterproofing and damp-proofing terms.
• Rounding Off: Final test or analysis values must be rounded per IS 2:1960 rules, retaining the same significant figures as specified.
• Breaking Strength Test:
  • Average breaking strength in warp and weft directions is calculated from 5 test pieces.
  • Test pieces are cut as per the layout in Fig. 1 (warp and weft directions from the roll).

Formula for Average Breaking Strength

[ \text{Average Breaking Strength} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^5 \text{Breaking Strength}_i}{5} ]

• Calculate separately for warp and weft directions.

Notes:

• Definitions are foundational; refer to IS 4911 for detailed terms.
• Testing and reporting must comply with IS 2 for numerical precision.
• The committee composition and standard governance ensure quality and conformity.

flowchart TD
    A[Roll Sample] --> B[Cut 5 Test Pieces Warp]
    A --> C[Cut 5 Test Pieces Weft]
    B --> D[Calculate Average Breaking Strength Warp]
    C --> E[Calculate Average Breaking Strength Weft]
    D --> F[Report Results]
    E --> F

This summarizes the key definitions and test specifications related to IS 13826 Part 1.

IS 13826 Part 1: Breaking Strength Key Points

• Definition (Clause 3.1):
  Breaking strength is the force in Newtons (N) required to break the test specimen.

• Measurement (Clause 6.1):
  Record the breaking strength for each test piece in Newtons.

Typical Formula for Breaking Strength

[ \text{Breaking Strength (N)} = \text{Maximum Load Applied (N)} \quad \text{at failure} ]

Important Notes:

• The test piece is subjected to a tensile test until failure.
• Breaking strength is a direct measurement from the testing machine.
• Ensure consistent specimen preparation and testing speed as per IS guidelines.

Example Table Format for Recording Breaking Strength

If you want, I can provide a simple Mermaid.js diagram illustrating the tensile test setup.

IS 13826 Part 1: Apparatus and Equipment - Key Specifications & Formulas

1. Breaking Strength Test (Clause 6.2):

• Breaking strength in warp and weft is the average of five test pieces in each direction.
• Test pieces are cut as per Fig. 1 layout from the roll for warpway and weftway.

2. Rounding Off (General Clause):

• Final test or analysis values must be rounded as per IS 2:1960 rules.
• The number of significant digits retained should match the specified value in the standard.

3. Test Sample Preparation:

• Samples A and B are taken for breaking strength tests in warp and weft directions respectively.

Summary Table: Breaking Strength Test Reporting

Notes:

• Apparatus must comply with the standard's precision requirements.
• Water absorption and pressure head tests are covered in other parts (Part 6 and Part 4 respectively).

flowchart LR
    Roll -->|Cut samples| TestPiecesA[5 Pieces Warp]
    Roll -->|Cut samples| TestPiecesB[5 Pieces Weft]
    TestPiecesA -->|Test| BreakingStrengthWarp
    TestPiecesB -->|Test| BreakingStrengthWeft
    BreakingStrengthWarp -->|Average| FinalWarpStrength
    BreakingStrengthWeft -->|Average| FinalWeftStrength
    FinalWarpStrength --> Report
    FinalWeftStrength --> Report

For detailed apparatus dimensions and calibration, refer to the specific test method clauses in IS 13826 and IS 2:1960 for rounding rules.

IS 13826 Part 1: Preparation of Test Samples

• Sample Size: Cut 5 test pieces from the felt sample, each 75 mm wide and 180 mm long (between grips).
• Directions: Samples must be cut in both longitudinal and transverse directions (see Fig. 1 of the code).
• Cutting Tools: Use appropriate cutting tools as per Clause 4.2 to ensure clean, accurate sample edges.
• Rounding Off: Test results must be rounded according to IS 2:1960, keeping the same number of significant figures as specified in the standard.
• Binder Content: Refer to Part 7 for procedures on determining binder content in samples.

Summary Table for Sample Preparation

flowchart LR
    A[Raw Felt Sample] --> B[Cut 5 pieces Longitudinally]
    A --> C[Cut 5 pieces Transversely]
    B & C --> D[Each 75 mm x 180 mm]
    D --> E[Testing between grips]

This ensures consistency and reliability in test results.

IS 13826 Part 1: Test Procedure Key Points

• Rounding Off Results:
  As per IS 2:1960, test results must be rounded to the same number of significant figures as specified in the standard.

• Breaking Strength Test (Part 1):
  This test determines the tensile strength of the material. The specimen is subjected to a tensile load until failure.

• Pressure Head Test (Part 4):
  Measures the ability of the material to withstand internal pressure without leakage or failure.

Typical Breaking Strength Test Formula

[ \text{Breaking Strength} = \frac{P}{A} ]

Where:

• P = Load at failure (N)
• A = Cross-sectional area (mm²)

General Test Procedure Summary

1. Prepare test specimen as per dimensions specified.
2. Apply load gradually until failure.
3. Record maximum load at failure (P).
4. Calculate breaking strength using the formula above.
5. Round off result per IS 2:1960 rules.

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Specimen] --> B[Apply Tensile Load Gradually]
    B --> C{Failure Occurs?}
    C -- No --> B
    C -- Yes --> D[Record Load P]
    D --> E[Calculate Breaking Strength P/A]
    E --> F[Round off per IS 2:1960]

For exact specimen dimensions and detailed procedure, refer to IS 13826 Part 1 and IS 2:1960.

IS 13826 Part 1: Conditioning of Test Pieces

Key Specifications for Conditioning (Clause 5.1.1)

• Duration: 48 hours
• Temperature: 27 ± 2°C
• Relative Humidity: 65 ± 5%

Preparation of Test Samples (Clause 5.1)

• Cut 5 test pieces from felt samples
• Dimensions: 75 mm wide × 180 mm long (between grips)
• Samples cut in both longitudinal and transverse directions

Notes on Rounding (IS 2:1960)

• Final test results must be rounded off according to IS 2:1960 rules.
• Number of significant digits retained should match the standard's specified precision.

Summary Table for Conditioning

flowchart LR
    A[Cut 5 test pieces] --> B[Condition at 27 ± 2°C]
    B --> C[Maintain 65 ± 5% RH]
    C --> D[Condition for 48 hours]
    D --> E[Perform tests]

This conditioning ensures uniform moisture and temperature state before testing, critical for reproducible results.

IS 13826 Part 1: Reporting of Results - Key Points

• Rounding Off: Final test results must be rounded as per IS 2:1960 rules, retaining the same number of significant figures as the specified standard value.

• Breaking Strength Reporting (Clause 6.2):

  • Report the average breaking strength of five test pieces each in warp and weft directions.
  • Breaking strength is measured in Newtons (N).
  • Test pieces are fixed at 180 mm gauge length between jaws during testing.
  • The force at breaking is recorded from the dial gauge.

• Test Sample Layout: Test pieces for warp and weft directions are cut from the roll as per Fig. 1 (typical layout).

Summary Table for Reporting Breaking Strength

flowchart LR
    A[Cut 5 test pieces] --> B[Test in Warp direction]
    A --> C[Test in Weft direction]
    B --> D[Record breaking force (N)]
    C --> E[Record breaking force (N)]
    D --> F[Calculate average breaking strength]
    E --> F
    F --> G[Report rounded average values per IS 2:1960]

This ensures consistent, standardized reporting of breaking strength results for waterproofing materials under IS 13826 Part 1.

IS 13826 Part 1: Committee Composition Summary

Committee: Water-Proofing and Damp-Proofing Sectional Committee, CED 41
Annex A provides detailed composition including Chairman, Members, and their affiliations.

Key Details from Annex A:

• Alternates are appointed for many members.
• Members represent government bodies, private companies, research institutes, and industry.

Notes:

• The committee is multidisciplinary, covering industry, research, and government.
• It ensures standards are comprehensive, practical, and technically sound.
• The committee composition is periodically reviewed and updated by BIS.

graph TD
    A[Chairman: Prof M. S. Shetty] --> B[Members]
    B --> C[Industry Experts]
    B --> D[Research Institutes]
    B --> E[Government Bodies]
    C --> F[Osnar Chemical Pvt Ltd]
    C --> G[Fosroc India Ltd]
    D --> H[National Test House