bitumen mastic for flooring for industries handling LPG and other light hydrocarbon products

IS 13026 Scope - Key Points & References

• Scope: Covers specifications and testing methods for bitumen and tar materials used in construction.

• Referenced IS Codes (Annex A, Clause 2.1):

  IS No.	Title
  IS 334 : 1982	Glossary of terms for bitumen and tar
  IS 702 : 1988	Industrial bitumen specifications
  IS 1203 : 1978	Penetration test for bituminous materials
  IS 1205 : 1978	Softening point test (Ring and Ball method)
  IS 1208 : 1978	Ductility test
  IS 1212 : 1978	Loss on heating test
  IS 1216 : 1978	Solubility test in carbon disulphide

• Physical Properties of Bitumen (Table 1, Clause 4.1):

• Rounding off values: Follow IS 2 : 1960 for numerical rounding consistency.

Summary Diagram of Scope & Testing

graph TD
  A[IS 13026 Scope] --> B[Bitumen & Tar Specifications]
  B --> C[Physical Properties]
  C --> D[Softening Point (IS 1205)]
  C --> E[Penetration (IS 1203)]
  C --> F[Loss on Heating (IS 1212)]
  C --> G[Solubility (IS 1216)]
  C --> H[Ductility

IS 13026 - Referenced Indian Standards (Clause 2.1, Annex A)

This standard refers to several key IS codes essential for bitumen and tar testing and specifications:

Key Notes:

• These standards define test procedures for penetration, softening point, ductility, loss on heating, and solubility of bituminous materials.
• They provide uniform terminology and test methods to ensure quality and consistency.
• Refer to these IS codes for detailed test methods and specifications when working with bituminous materials.

Example: Softening Point (IS 1205:1978)

• Ring and Ball method to determine the temperature at which bitumen softens.
• Critical for assessing temperature susceptibility.

flowchart LR
    A[IS 13026] --> B[Annex A: Referenced IS Codes]
    B --> C[IS 334: Glossary]
    B --> D[IS 702: Industrial Bitumen]
    B --> E[IS 1203: Penetration Test]
    B --> F[IS 1205: Softening Point]
    B --> G[IS 1208: Ductility]
    B --> H[IS 1212: Loss on Heating]
    B --> I[IS

IS 13026: Terminology Key Points

• Reference Standards: Terminologies in IS 13026 refer primarily to IS 334:1982 (Glossary of terms relating to bitumen and tar).

• Related IS Codes for Terminology & Testing:

• Rounding Off: Final test values must be rounded off as per IS 2:1960 rules, maintaining the same number of significant figures as specified.

Summary Diagram of Terminology Reference Flow

graph LR
    A[IS 13026 Terminology] --> B[IS 334:1982 Glossary]
    A --> C[Testing Methods]
    C --> D[Penetration (IS 1203)]
    C --> E[Softening Point (IS 1205)]
    C --> F[Ductility (IS 1208)]
    C --> G[Loss on Heating (IS 1212)]
    C --> H[Solubility (IS 1216)]

Use this terminology framework to ensure consistent understanding and application of bitumen and tar properties and testing methods in IS 13026.

IS 13026: Key Formulas, Tables & Specifications for Materials

1. Bitumen Properties (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

Bitumen shall conform to IS 702:1988 with these key physical properties:

2. Aggregates & Fillers (Clause 4.2, Table 2)

• Fillers: Limestone (CaCO3 max 75%) or carbon black/graphite.
• Combined Grading (% by mass):

Additional Notes

• Testing methods and equipment are per referenced IS codes.
• Ensure bitumen and aggregates meet these specs for durability and performance.
• Refer to IS 702, IS 1203, IS 1205, IS 1212, IS 1216, IS 1208 for detailed test procedures.

flowchart LR
    A[Bitumen] --> B[Softening Point 65-100°C]
    A --> C[Penetration 10-40 (1/100 cm)]
    A --> D[Loss on Heating ≤ 0.3

Bitumen Mastic Composition & Preparation (IS 13026)

• Bitumen Content:
  13% to 18% by mass of total mastic (Clause 5.1.1).

• Composition:
  Bitumen + fillers like carbon black/graphite (conducting type) and limestone (max 75% CaCO₃) (Clauses 5.1 & 4.2).

• Aggregates & Fillers Grading (Table 2):

• Preparation (Clause 5.2):
  Mix bitumen with fillers uniformly at controlled temperature ensuring homogeneity and target bitumen percentage.

flowchart LR
    A[Bitumen] --> C[Mixing]
    B[Limestone + Carbon Black/Graphite] --> C
    C --> D[Bitumen Mastic (13-18% Bitumen)]

This ensures a uniform mastic with proper conductivity and mechanical properties.

IS 13026: Physical Properties & Hardness of Bituminous Mastic

Hardness Number (Clause B-1.1)

• Definition: Depth of penetration (in hundredths of cm) of a 6.35 mm diameter flat-ended steel rod into mastic.
• Load: 317 N (equivalent to 10 N/mm²).
• Duration: 1 minute.
• Temperature: 35 ± 0.5 °C.
• Method: Applied via lever with mechanical advantage.

Physical Properties of Bitumen (Table 1, Clause 4.1)

Sample Preparation (Clause B-3.1.1)

• Mastic taken directly from mixer.
• Mould size: ≥ 100 mm diameter or square.
• Thickness: 25 mm.
• Samples in duplicate, float finished.
• No remelting allowed.
• Special care for uniform thickness & level base if cut from floor.

Apparatus Components (Fig. 1)

• Indentor pin (steel rod)
• Weights (central & slotted)
• Calibrated dial for reading penetration
• Temperature control & water bath for maintaining 35 °C

flowchart LR
    A[Mastic Sample] --> B[Indenter Pin (6.35 mm)]
    B --> C[Load Applied (317 N)]
    C --> D[Penetration Depth Measured]
    D --> E[Hardness Number (in 1/100 cm)]
    F[Temperature Control (35 ± 0.5 °C)] --> B

This method ensures consistent hardness measurement critical for quality

IS 13026: Test Procedures — Key Points & Formulas

Electrical Resistance Test (Clause 1.2, 2.1)

• Voltage: Use insulation tester with:
  • 500 V DC nominal open circuit voltage for resistance ≤ 10^6 Ω
  • 1000 V DC for resistance > 10^6 Ω
• Accuracy: ±5% resistance measurement accuracy
• Power Dissipation: ≤ 3 W in the specimen
• Test Duration: Minimum time to avoid overheating

Electrode Arrangement (Fig. 3)

• For samples thicker than 50 mm, electrodes are placed on the surface as per Fig. 3.
• Testing applies to both circular and square samples (dimensions in mm).

Rounding Off (Clause None)

• Final test values rounded per IS 2:1960 rules.
• Retain significant figures as per the specified standard value.

Table: Bitumen Properties (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

Summary Diagram: Electrical Resistance Test Setup

graph LR
A[Insulation Tester] -->|Apply Voltage (500/1000 V DC)| B[Test Sample Surface]
B -->|Measure Resistance| C[Display Reading]
style B fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

For detailed electrode placement and sample dimensions, refer to Fig. 2 & Fig. 3 of IS 13026.

IS 13026 - List of Referred Indian Standards (Annex A, Clause 2.1)

This standard refers to several Indian Standards essential for bitumen and tar testing and specifications:

Key Notes:

• These standards cover terminology, physical properties testing (penetration, softening point, ductility), and chemical properties (loss on heating, solubility).
• Refer to these IS codes for detailed test methods and specifications related to bitumen and tar.
• Compliance with these referenced standards ensures quality and uniformity in bituminous materials.

Example: Softening Point (IS 1205:1978)

• Determines temperature at which bitumen softens under specified conditions.
• Key for assessing performance in hot climates.

If you need formulas or detailed test procedures from any specific IS code, please specify!

IS 13026: Method for Determining Hardness Number (Annex B)

Key Definitions & Specifications

• Hardness Number (B-1.1):
  Depth of penetration (in hundredths of cm) of a 6.35 mm diameter flat-ended steel rod into mastic under a 317 N load applied for 1 minute at 35 ± 0.5°C.
  • Load corresponds to 10 N/mm² pressure.
  • Load applied via lever for mechanical advantage.

Sample Preparation (Clause B-3.1.1)

• Mastic filled directly from mixer into moulds ≥ 100 mm diameter or square.
• Thickness: 25 mm, float finished.
• Samples taken in duplicate.
• For floor samples, ensure uniform thickness and level base.
• Samples must not be remelted.

Testing Procedure & Results (Clause B-3.1.5)

• Test points ≥ 25 mm apart and ≥ 25 mm from edges.
• Take at least 5 readings and average.
• Discard sample if any reading deviates > 2 hardness units from mean.
• If fewer than 4 valid readings, discard and retest.

Apparatus Components (Fig.1)

• Indenter pin spindle (D)
• Weights (B, C)
• Calibrated dial (M)
• Lever and support system for load application

Summary Table: Hardness Number Calculation

flowchart LR
    A[Sample Preparation] --> B[Apply Load 317N]
    B --> C[Measure Indentation Depth]
    C --> D[Record Hardness Number]
    D --> E[Repeat at ≥25mm intervals]
    E --> F[Calculate Average Hardness]
    F --> G{Any reading >2 units from mean?}
    G -- Yes --> H[

IS 13026: Liquid Electrodes and Testing Instruments (Clause 7.3, Annex C)

Key Specifications for Liquid Electrodes (C-1):

• Liquid Electrodes Formation:
  Use a conducting liquid applied on the surface to form electrodes.

• Electrode Size & Placement:

  • Apply liquid electrodes on two areas, each approx. 25 mm².
  • These areas must be on the same surface.
  • The dry distance between the facing edges of the wetted areas should be 50 ± 6 mm.

• Metal Contacts:

  • Clean metal contacts are applied to wetted areas.
  • Contact area should be approximately equal but not larger than the wetted area.

• Measurement:

  • Measure resistance between the two metal contacts over the wetted areas.

Summary Table:

flowchart LR
    A[Surface to be tested] --> B[Apply two liquid electrodes (25 mm² each)]
    B --> C[Maintain dry distance 50 ± 6 mm]
    C --> D[Apply clean metal contacts on wetted areas]
    D --> E[Measure resistance between contacts]

This setup ensures accurate surface resistance measurement using liquid electrodes per IS 13026.

IS 13026: Tests for Electrical Resistance — Key Points

1. Test Instrument & Voltage (Clause 2.1):

• Use an insulation tester with:
  • 500 V DC nominal open circuit voltage for resistance up to 10^6 Ω.
  • 1000 V DC for resistance above 10^6 Ω.
• Accuracy: ±5%
• Power dissipation in specimen: ≤ 3 W
• Voltage application time: Minimum necessary to avoid overheating.

2. Resistance Limits (Clause 6.2):

• Electrical resistance of the finished product must be between:
  • 5 × 10^4 Ω and 2 × 10^6 Ω

3. Test Procedures (Clause 7 & Annex D):

• Conduct tests on samples (circular or square as per Fig. 2).
• For bitumen mastic floors thicker than 50 mm, measure surface resistance using electrode arrangement shown in Fig. 3.
• Resistance measured across the surface.

Summary Table for Electrical Resistance Test

Test Setup Illustration (Conceptual)

flowchart LR
    A[Insulation Tester] -- Apply Voltage --> B[Sample Surface]
    B -- Measure Resistance --> C[Readout Device]
    style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style B fill:#bbf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style C fill:#bfb,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

Note: Always ensure the test duration is minimal to prevent sample overheating and follow electrode placement as per IS 13026 figures for accuracy.