Method of measurement of building and civil engineering works, Part 8: steelwork and ironwork

IS 1200 Part 8 — Scope & Key Specifications for Steelwork and Ironwork Measurement

• Scope: Covers measurement methods for steel and ironwork in buildings and civil engineering works (excluding roof covering, water/sewer/gas/oil pipelines covered in other parts).

• Weight Additions (Clause 4.3):
  Add mass of cleats, brackets, packing pieces, bolts, nuts, washers, separators, diaphragms, gussets, fish plates, rivet heads, etc., to the respective item weight.

  • No deduction for rivet/bolt holes unless area > 0.02 m²
  • Deduct for notches if area > 0.05 m²
  • Deduct for other openings if area > 0.1 m²

• Measurement Units:

  • Tubular structures: by weight
  • Cables/guy wires: running meter (with diameter) or weight
  • Duct metalwork: square meters (surface area)
  • Expanded metal/weld mesh: square meters (deduct openings > 0.2 m²)
  • Steel reinforcement: square meters or weight as applicable
  • Steel doors/windows/ventilators: square meters as fixed (Clause 12.7)

• Additional Notes:

  • Bends, elbows, cowls, tapered pipes enumerated as extras (Clause 8.3)
  • Metal sheets in cladding measured in square meters with gauge/type and fixing method stated (Clause 12.11)

Summary Table of Key Measurement Units

Formula for Deduction of Open

IS 1200 Part 8: References - Key Points and Specifications

• Clause 3.7: Mass of steel materials (sheet, plate, rods, tubes, castings) must be taken from relevant Indian Standards (e.g., IS 2062 for steel plates, IS 432 for mild steel tubes).

• Clause 13.5 (Table 13.2): Cast ironwork measured by mass, classified as:

  • a) Unmachined (e.g., brackets, frames, manhole covers)
  • b) Machine turned (e.g., pulleys)

• Clause 12.11: Metal sheet in cladding measured in square meters; specify gauge, type (black/galvanized), and connection method (bolting, welding, etc.).

• Measurement Units:

  • Steelwork: by mass (kg or tonnes) or surface area (m²) depending on item.
  • Expanded metal/weld mesh: measured in m² including laps and waste; openings >0.2 m deducted.

• Additional IS references:

  • IS 1200 Part 9: Roof covering
  • IS 1200 Part 16: Water/sewer lines
  • IS 1200 Part 20: Gas/oil pipelines
  • IS 3589, IS 432, IS 2062 for steel material properties and weights.

Typical Mass Calculation Formula

[ \text{Mass (kg)} = \text{Volume (m}^3) \times \text{Density of steel} (7850 \text{ kg/m}^3) ]

Example Table: Steel Mass per Unit Length (IS 808)

flowchart TD
    A[Steel Material] --> B{Measurement Type}
    B --> |Sheet/Plate| C[Area (m²)]
    B --> |Rod/Section| D[Mass (kg)]
    B --> |Cast Ironwork| E[Mass (kg

IS 1200 Part 8: General Rules – Key Points & Formulas

1. Measurement Units:

• Metal sheets (wall cladding etc.): Measured in square metres (m²).
• Tubular structures: Measured by weight.
• Cables/guy wires: Measured by running metre or weight.
• Expanded metal and weld mesh: Measured in square metres, deduct openings > 0.2 m².

2. Weight Considerations (Clause 4.3):

• Include mass of cleats, brackets, bolts, nuts, washers, fish plates, etc.
• No deduction for rivet/bolt holes unless:
  • Hole area > 0.02 m² → Deduct area.
  • Notches > 0.05 m² → Deduct area.
  • Other openings (e.g., service pipes) > 0.1 m² → Deduct area.

3. Mass of Steel Components (Clause 3.7):

• Use relevant IS standards for:
  • Steel sheets, plates, rods, tubes.
  • Rolled steel sections.
  • Forged and cast steel.

4. Surface Area for Duct Metal Work:

• Measured in square metres based on surface area.
• Supports measured separately.

Typical Weight Calculation Formula for Steel Components:

[ \text{Weight (kg)} = \text{Volume (m}^3) \times \text{Density of Steel (approx. 7850 kg/m}^3) ]

Summary Table: Deduction Criteria for Openings

flowchart TD
    A[Steelwork Measurement] --> B[Metal Sheets in m²]
    A --> C[Tubular Structures by Weight]
    A --> D[Cables/Guy Wires in m or Weight]
    A --> E[Expanded Metal in m²]
    B

IS 1200 Part 8: Classification & Description of Steelwork Items

Classification Categories (Clause 4.1)

Steelwork items are classified and measured separately as:

• a) Rolled sections (joist, channel, angle, tee) fixed independently.
• b) Rolled sections with connecting plates or angle cleats.
• c) Rolled joists with/without stiffeners in grillages (include stiffener weight).
• d) Compound girders.
• e) Plate girders (specify type & overall height).
• f) Lattice girders, aerial masts, tank staging (specify members & height).
• g) Single stanchions with caps, bases, splices, brackets.
• h) Compound stanchions with accessories.
• i) Trusses and trussed purlins (specify spans & heights).
• j) Cladding and glazing framing.
• k) Crane gantry rails including fastenings.
• l) Staircases (stringers, treads, handrails).
• m) Plates (plain/chequered, cut/notched, holed).
• n) Plates with riveted, bolted, welded attachments.
• o) Running rails & sliding door girders.
• p) Platework with/without stiffeners for chimneys, tanks, gutters, furnace shells.
• q) Anchor bolts, holding down bolts, sag rods.
• r) Wind ties, strakes, cores, running bars, fencing posts.
• s) Framed work: grills, gratings, ladders, railings.
• t) Straps, hooks, clamps, wall ties.
• u) Ornamental work: grills, balustrades, handrails.
• v) Steelwork for hydraulic gates, caissons, well curbs.

Suffixes: Add B, R, or W to denote Bolted, Riveted, or Welded construction.

Measurement Notes:

• Mass of steel sections, plates, rods, tubes, etc., per relevant IS standards (Clause 3.7).
• Bends, elbows, cowls, tapered pipes, roof plates with sleeves measured as extras (Clause 8.3).
• Expanded metal and weld meshwork measured in square meters, deduct openings >0.2 m.
• Metal

IS 1200 Part 8: Tubular Structures - Key Points

• Measurement: Tubular structures are measured by weight (Clause 5).
• Mass Inclusion: Include mass of cleats, brackets, bolts, nuts, washers, fish plates, etc., added to the weight of the tubular item (Clause 4.3).
• Hole Deductions: Deduct hole areas only if:
  • Rivet/bolt holes > 0.02 m²,
  • Notches > 0.05 m²,
  • Other openings (e.g., service pipes) > 0.1 m² (Clause 4.3).
• Steel Mass Reference: Use relevant IS codes for mass of steel tubes and sections (Clause 3.7).
• Pipe Specifications: Diameter, thickness, and galvanization class (per IS 1239 Part 1:1979) must be stated for pipes (Clause 8.2).

Typical Weight Calculation for Tubular Steel Sections

[ \text{Weight (kg)} = \text{Volume (m}^3) \times \text{Density of steel (7850 kg/m}^3) ]

For a hollow circular tube:

[ \text{Volume} = \pi \times \frac{(D_o^2 - D_i^2)}{4} \times L ]

• (D_o) = Outer diameter (m)
• (D_i) = Inner diameter (m)
• (L) = Length (m)

Example: Weight of a Steel Tube

flowchart LR
    A[Tubular

IS 1200 Part 8: Cables and Guy Wires Key Points

• Measurement:

  • Cables and guy wires are measured in running metres or by weight.
  • Diameter must be stated clearly.

• Classification:

  • Classified by type: roller, rocker, sliding, etc.
  • Each type must be fully described and enumerated.

• Mass Considerations:

  • Include masses of cleats, brackets, bolts, nuts, washers, and other accessories in weight.
  • No deduction for bolt/rivet holes unless area exceeds:
    • 0.02 m² for rivet/bolt holes
    • 0.05 m² for notches
    • 0.1 m² for other openings (e.g., service pipes)

Typical Formula for Weight of Cable/Guy Wire

[ \text{Weight} = \text{Length} \times \text{Unit Weight per metre} ]

Where unit weight depends on diameter and material density.

Example Table: Approximate Weight of Steel Wire Rope (per metre)

flowchart LR
    A[Cables/Guy Wires] --> B[Measure Length (m)]
    A --> C[Measure Weight (kg)]
    A --> D[Specify Diameter]
    B --> E[Calculate Weight = Length × Unit Weight]
    C --> F[Include Accessories Mass]
    D --> G[Classify Type: Roller/Rocker/Sliding]

Summary: Use running metres or weight with diameter specified; include accessory masses; classify cable types clearly for measurement and description.

IS 1200 Part 8 - Steel Reinforcement: Key Points & Specifications

• Mass of Steel Reinforcement (Clause 3.7):
  Mass to be taken as per relevant Indian Standards (e.g., IS 1786 for TMT bars).
  Typical formula for mass of steel bars:
  [ \text{Mass (kg)} = \frac{d^2}{162} \times L ]
  where:

  • ( d ) = diameter of bar (mm)
  • ( L ) = length of bar (m)
  • 162 = constant derived from steel density (7850 kg/m³)

• Measurement (Clause 8.3 & 11.3):

  • Steel reinforcement measured by weight (kg) or length (m) as per contract.
  • Binding wire not measured separately; included in reinforcement item description.
  • Bends, elbows, and other fittings measured as extra.

• Expanded Metal & Weld Meshwork (Clause 10):

  • Measured in m² based on surface area.
  • Deduct openings > 0.2 m².
  • Include laps, waste, and cutting in description.

Typical Steel Bar Mass Table (IS 1786 reference)

flowchart TD
    A[Steel Reinforcement] --> B[Mass Calculation]
    B --> C[Use formula: (d²/162) × L]
    A --> D[Measurement]
    D --> E[Weight or Length]
    D --> F[Binding wire included]
    A --> G[Special Fittings]
    G --> H[Bends, elbows measured extra]

Summary: Use IS standards for mass, measure steel reinforcement by weight/length, include binding wire in description, and measure fittings separately.

IS 1200 Part 8 – Pipes for Flues: Key Points

Measurement & Description

• Clause 13.1: Cast iron flue pipes measured in running metres overall, including all short lengths, cutting, and waste.
• Clause 8.2: Specify:
  • Pipe diameter
  • Sheeting thickness
  • Whether black or galvanized steel
  • For galvanized pipes, specify class of galvanization as per IS 1239 (Part 1):1979.
• Clause 13.1.1: Describe:
  • Method of jointing and fixing
  • Pipe diameter
  • Mass per standard length

Weight Allowances (Clause 4.3)

• Add mass of cleats, brackets, bolts, nuts, washers, diaphragms, gussets, etc.
• Allow for rivet heads in riveted work.
• Deduct holes if:
  • Rivet/bolt hole area > 0.02 m²
  • Notch area > 0.05 m²
  • Other openings > 0.1 m²

Summary Table for Flue Pipes

flowchart TD
    A[Pipes for Flues] --> B[Measurement]
    B --> B1[Running Metres (overall)]
    B --> B2[Include cutting & waste]
    
    A --> C[Specifications]
    C --> C1[Diameter]
    C --> C2[Thickness]
    C --> C3[Material: Black/Galvanized]
    C --> C4[Galvanization Class (if galvanized)]
    
    A --> D[Weight]
    D --> D1[Mass per standard length]
    D --> D2[Include cleats, bolts, rivet heads]
    D --> D3[Deduct holes > specified area]

This concise summary aligns with

IS 1200 Part 8: Expanded Metalwork and Weld Meshwork - Key Points

• Measurement Basis:

  • Measured in square metres based on surface area including laps, meshes, weight, strands, and fixing methods.
  • Openings exceeding 0.2 m² are deducted from the measured area.
  • Raking/circular cuts and waste are included in descriptions.

• Expanded Metalwork & Weld Meshwork:

  • Include details of mesh size, strand thickness, and method of fixing (welding, bolting, etc.).
  • Laps and overlaps are measured as part of the total area.

• Wire Netting (Clause 11.2.1):

  • Used as encasement, measured in square metres including authorized laps.

• Steel Sheet Cladding (Clause 12.11):

  • Gauge, type (black/galvanized), and connection method must be specified.
  • Measured in square metres.

Typical Measurement Formula:

[ \text{Net Area} = \text{Gross Area} - \sum \text{(Openings > 0.2 m}^2) ]

Summary Table for Expanded Metalwork & Weld Meshwork

flowchart TD
    A[Expanded Metalwork & Weld Meshwork] --> B[Measured in m²]
    B --> C{Openings > 0.2 m²?}
    C -- Yes --> D[Deduct from area]
    C -- No --> E[Include in area]
    B --> F[Laps & overlaps included]
    B --> G[Fixing method specified]

Note: Always refer to IS 1200 Part 8 for detailed descriptions and clauses for specific cases.

IS 1200 Part 8: Measurement of Wire Fencing and Netting

Key Specifications & Measurement Units:

• Wire Netting (Clause 11.2.1)

  • Description: Include mesh size, wire gauge.
  • Measurement: In square metres (m²).
  • Laps: Authorized laps included in measurement.

• Plain or Barbed Wire Fencing (Clause 12.2)

  • Description: Full details of wire type.
  • Measurement: In running metres (m) for each wire line.

• Patent Plain Wire Fencing (Clause 12.3)

  • Description: Fully described.
  • Measurement: In square metres (m²).

• Wire Mattresses and Nets (Clause 12.4)

  • Description: Include tying method.
  • Measurement: In square metres (m²).
  • Laps: Authorized laps included.

Measurement Formula Examples:

• Area for Netting / Mattresses:

[ \text{Area} = \text{Length} \times \text{Height} - \text{Authorized laps} ]

• Length for Wire Fencing:

[ \text{Total length} = \sum (\text{Length of each wire line}) ]

Summary Table:

flowchart TD
    A[Wire Fencing & Netting] --> B[Wire Netting (m²)]
    A --> C[Plain/Barbed Wire (m)]
    A --> D[Patent Plain Wire (m²)]
    A --> E[Wire Mattresses/Nets (m²)]
    B --> F[Laps Included]
    E --> F

This ensures consistent measurement aligned with IS 1200 Part 8.

IS 1200 Part 8 (1993) – Steel Gates, Shutters, and Louvres: Key Specifications

• Steel Louvres (Clause 12.9):

  • Measured in square metres (m²) based on the opening covered.
  • Measurement excludes frame thickness; only the effective open area counts.

• Steel Rolling Shutters/Grills (Clause 12.6):

  • Measured in m².
  • Width: Outer distance between backs of the two guide channels.
  • Height: Distance from the sill to the center of the hood cover.

• Steel Doors, Windows, Ventilators, Glazing Frames (Clause 12.7):

  • Measured in m² as fixed type per relevant IS standards.
  • Includes frame and glazing area as per specification.

• Gates for Compound Walls and Railings (Clause 12.8):

  • Measured/enumerated in m² or number of units.
  • Includes hangings, guide rails, and fastenings in the description.

Measurement Summary Table

If you need design or load formulas related to steel gates or shutters, please specify.

IS 1200 Part 8: Measurement of Bolts, Nuts, and Washers

Key Specifications:

• Clause 12.1: Bolts, nuts, and washers (except those in Clause 4.1(t)) are measured by mass in kilograms.
• Description should include the type, size, and grade of bolts/nuts/washers.

Measurement Method:

• Weigh the complete assembly (bolt + nut + washer).
• Use standard weights or calibrated scales.
• Record in kg for payment and estimation.

Additional Notes:

• For metal sheets in cladding (Clause 12.11), measurement is by area (m²), not applicable for bolts.
• No direct formulas for dimensions are given in IS 1200 Part 8; refer to IS 1363 for bolt dimensions and IS 2016 for washers.

Typical Bolt/Nut/Washer Mass Estimation (Engineering Practice):

Summary:

• Measure bolts, nuts, washers by weight (kg).
• Include all components in mass.
• Use IS tables for standard sizes and weights.
• Ensure proper rounding as per IS 2:1960.

flowchart TD
    A[Bolts, Nuts, Washers] --> B[Weigh complete assembly]
    B --> C[Record mass in kg]
    C --> D[Use for estimation and payment]

IS 1200 Part 8: Cast Ironwork - Key Points

Measurement

• Cast ironwork is measured by mass (weight), except perforated pipes measured in running metres (Clause 12.10.1).
• Classification under cast ironwork (Clause 13.5):
  • Unmachined: brackets, frames, gully traps, manhole covers, gratings, fire/soot doors, balls, stop cock boxes.
  • Machine turned: pulleys and similar items.

Specifications

• Mass to be taken from relevant Indian Standards (Clause 3.7).
• Measurement excludes machining allowances; raw cast iron mass is basis.
• Metal sheet cladding (Clause 12.11) measured in square metres; gauge, type, and connection method must be specified.

Typical Mass Calculation for Cast Ironwork

If dimensions are known, mass can be approximated by:

[ \text{Mass} = \text{Volume} \times \rho ]

Where:

• (\rho) = density of cast iron ≈ 7200 kg/m³

Summary Table: Cast Ironwork Measurement

flowchart LR
    A[Cast Ironwork] --> B[Unmachined]
    A --> C[Machine turned]
    B --> D[Brackets, Frames, Gully Traps]
    B --> E[Manhole Covers, Gratings]
    C --> F[Pulleys, Similar Work]
    A --> G[Measurement]
    G --> H[Mass (kg)]
    G --> I[Running Metres (pipes)]

References:

• IS 1200 Part 8:1993 (Clauses 12.10.1, 12.11, 13.5)
• Density of Cast Iron: ~7200 kg/m³ (typical)

For detailed mass values, consult relevant IS standards for specific cast iron products.

IS 1200 Part 8: Spiral Staircases & Special Structures

Spiral Staircases (Clause 13.2 & Table 13.5)

• Enumeration includes:

  • Overall diameter & height
  • Total number of treads, risers, sleeves (in one piece)
  • Central shaft or poles with base plate & attachments
  • Handrails and balusters

• Measurement:

  • Cast ironwork measured by mass, classified as:
    • Unmachined: brackets, frames, manhole covers, gratings, fire doors, etc.
    • Machine turned: pulleys and similar items

Key Specifications:

• Spiral staircases are measured by mass and dimensions.
• Central shaft and components must be detailed for fabrication and installation.
• Cast iron components are classified by machining type for accurate mass measurement.

Additional Notes:

• For special structures like tubular structures, cables, and guy wires, measurement is by weight or running meter.
• Openings in metalwork are deducted if exceeding specified areas (e.g., >0.02 m² for rivet holes).

Summary Table: Spiral Staircase Parameters

flowchart TD
    A[Spiral Staircase] --> B(Diameter & Height)
    A --> C(Number of Treads & Risers)
    A --> D(Central Shaft & Base Plate)
    A --> E(Handrails & Balusters)
    A --> F(Cast Ironwork Classification)
    F --> G(Unmachined)
    F --> H(Machine Turned)

For detailed fabrication and measurement, always refer to the exact enumeration and classification as per IS 1200 Part 8 Clause 13.2 & 13.5.

IS 1200 Part 8: Rounding Off and Booking of Dimensions

Key Specifications:

• Booking Order (Clause 3.2):
  Dimensions should be booked consistently in the order:
  Length → Width → Height/Depth/Thickness

• Measurement System (Clause 3.5.1):

  • All measurements are net, in decimal system.
  • Length & breadth: rounded to nearest 0.001 m
  • Reinforcement length: rounded to nearest 0.005 m

• Cross-sections & Thickness (Clause 3.5.1):
  Use relevant IS standards for thickness and cross-section values.

• Area Measurement (Clause 3.5.2):
  Areas are worked out to nearest 0.001 m²

• Mass Allowances (Clause 4.3):

  • Add mass of cleats, brackets, bolts, washers, etc., to item weight.
  • No deduction for rivet/bolt holes unless:
    • Hole area > 0.02 m² (rivets/bolts)
    • Hole area > 0.05 m² (notches)
    • Hole area > 0.1 m² (service pipe holes) → Deduct accordingly.

• Special Items:

  • Tubular structures measured by weight.
  • Cables/guy wires measured in running meters with diameter or by weight.

Summary Table for Rounding Off

Booking Sequence Example

flowchart LR
A[Length] --> B[Width]
B --> C[Height/Depth/Thickness]

This ensures uniformity and accuracy in dimension booking and measurement as per IS 1200 Part 8.