Method of measurement of building and civil engineering work, Part 26: Acid-resistant lining

IS 1200 Part 26 - Scope Summary

• Scope: Measurement of curved, conical, and spherical surfaces in building works.
• Key Clause 2.12: Curved, conical, and spherical works must be described separately with their radius.
• Measurement Units (Clause 2.4):
  • Dimensions: Nearest 0.01 m
  • Areas: Nearest 0.01 m²
• Cuttings (Clause 2.6): Include consequential waste unless stated otherwise.
• Hemispherical Area (Clause 3.8):
  Superficial area = Perimeter × Width (width is perimeter of the finished surface).

Measurement Formula for Hemispherical Surface Area:

[ \text{Area} = \text{Perimeter of finished surface} \times \text{Width} ]

Notes:

• Always specify radius for curved/conical/spherical works.
• Use decimal system for all measurements.
• Cuttings include waste by default.

flowchart LR
    A[Curved/Conical/Spherical Work]
    A --> B[Specify Radius]
    A --> C[Measure Dimensions (0.01 m)]
    A --> D[Calculate Area (0.01 m²)]
    D --> E[Use Perimeter × Width for Hemispherical Area]
    F[Cuttings] --> G[Include Waste]

This ensures precise and standardized measurement as per IS 1200 Part 26.

IS 1200 Part 26: General Rules for Measurement

Key Specifications:

• Dimensions: Measured net, as laid, in decimal system.
  • To nearest 0.01 m for linear dimensions (Clause 2.4a).
  • Areas to nearest 0.01 m² (Clause 2.4b).
• Mode of Measurement: Generally in square metres unless otherwise stated (Clause 2.7).
• Cuttings: Include consequent waste unless specified (Clause 2.6).
• Deductions: No deduction for embedded items if area ≤ 0.1 m² (Clause 2.7).

Important Table Extract (Clause 3.8):

Summary Formula for Hemispherical Area:

[ \text{Area} = \text{Perimeter of finished surface} \times \text{Width} ]

Rounding Rules:

• Round off dimensions and areas to nearest 0.01 units.
• No deductions for small embedded areas ≤ 0.1 m².

flowchart TD
    A[Start Measurement] --> B{Dimension?}
    B -- Linear --> C[Measure to 0.01 m]
    B -- Area --> D[Calculate area to 0.01 m²]
    D --> E{Embedded items area ≤ 0.1 m²?}
    E -- Yes --> F[No deduction]
    E -- No --> G[Deduct area]
    C & F & G --> H[Record net measurement]

This ensures consistent, precise, and standardized measurement for civil works as per IS 1200 Part 26.

IS 1200 Part 26 — Clubbing of Items: Key Points & Specifications

• Clubbing of Items (Clause 2.1):
  Items can be clubbed together if the detailed breakup and description of each item are agreed upon beforehand.

• Description of Items (Clause 2.3):
  Each item’s description includes:

  • Conveyance, delivery, handling, unloading, storing
  • Fabrication, hoisting, labor for finishing to required shape/size
  • Setting, fitting, fixing in position, straightening, waste
  • Return of packings and incidental operations

• Cuttings (Clause 2.6):
  All cuttings include consequent waste unless otherwise stated.

• Expansion & Dummy Joints (Clause 2.8):
  Expansion joints, dummy joints, and fillers are included in the item description.

Practical Summary Table for Clubbing Items

Rounding Off Rules (General Guidance)

• Numerical values should be rounded off as per standard engineering practice (usually nearest 2 decimals or as specified).

flowchart LR
    A[Start: Items to be measured] --> B{Can items be clubbed?}
    B -- Yes --> C[Agree detailed breakup & description]
    B -- No --> D[Measure items separately]
    C --> E[Include conveyance, handling, fabrication, etc.]
    E --> F[Include cuttings & waste]
    F --> G[Include expansion & dummy joints]
    G --> H[Finalize item description & measurement]

Use this guidance to ensure clarity and consistency in item clubbing and measurement as per IS 1200 Part 26.

IS 1200 Part 26 - Book of Dimensions: Key Points

• Order of Dimensions (Clause 2.2):
  Dimensions should be booked in the sequence:
  Length → Breadth/Width → Height/Depth/Thickness

• Measurement Accuracy (Clause 2.4):

  • Dimensions measured to nearest 0.01 m
  • Areas measured to nearest 0.01 m²
  • All measurements are net, as laid, in decimal system

• Surface Area for Hemispherical Shapes (Clause 3.8):

  • Use superficial area on finished surface
  • Width = perimeter of finished surface

• Cuttings (Clause 2.6):

  • Include waste generated unless specified otherwise

Measurement & Rounding Off Summary

Dimension Booking Example

flowchart LR
    A[Start Booking Dimensions] --> B{Sequence}
    B -->|Length| C[Record Length]
    C --> D[Breadth/Width]
    D --> E[Height/Depth/Thickness]
    E --> F[Measurement to nearest 0.01 m]
    F --> G[Calculate Area to nearest 0.01 m²]
    G --> H[Include Cuttings & Waste]
    H --> I[Complete Book of Dimensions]

For detailed measurement methods and tables, refer directly to IS 1200 Part 26 (1987).

IS 1200 Part 26: Description of Items - Key Points

• Clause 2.3: Each item description includes:

  • Conveyance, delivery, handling, unloading, storing
  • Fabrication, hoisting, finishing to shape/size
  • Setting, fitting, fixing in position
  • Straightening, waste, return of packings
  • Other incidental operations

• Clause 2.5: Bills of Quantities must fully describe materials, workmanship, and work scope.

• Clause 2.8: Expansion and dummy joints plus fillers are included in item descriptions.

• Clause 3.8 (Measurement):

  • For hemispherical surfaces, measure the finished superficial area.
  • Width = perimeter of finished surface.

Typical Measurement Formula for Hemispherical Surface Area

[ \text{Surface Area} = 2\pi r^2 ]

Where:

• ( r ) = radius of hemisphere

Summary Table: Description Inclusions

flowchart TD
    A[Description of Item] --> B[Conveyance & Delivery]
    A --> C[Handling & Unloading]
    A --> D[Fabrication & Hoisting]
    A --> E[Finishing & Setting]
    A --> F[Waste & Return of Packings]
    A --> G[Expansion/Dummy Joints & Fillers]

Note: Always refer to IS 1200 Part 26 for detailed measurement rules and item descriptions to ensure compliance.

IS 1200 Part 26: Key Points on Dimensions

• Dimension Order (Clause 2.2):
  Dimensions should be booked in the sequence:
  Length → Breadth/Width → Height/Depth/Thickness

• Measurement Precision (Clause 2.4):

  • Lengths measured to nearest 0.01 m (1 cm)
  • Areas calculated to nearest 0.01 m²

• Surface Area Measurement (Clause 3.8 & 3.7):

  • For hemispherical surfaces, measure superficial area using the finished perimeter as width.
  • For conical portions, measure superficial area of each side using the curved length as width.

Practical Dimensioning Summary

Example: Hemispherical Surface Area Measurement

[ \text{Area} = \pi \times r^2 ]

Measure radius (r) on finished surface; perimeter = (2 \pi r) used as width.

flowchart LR
    A[Start: Dimension Booking] --> B[Measure Length]
    B --> C[Measure Breadth/Width]
    C --> D[Measure Height/Depth/Thickness]
    D --> E[Record Dimensions to 0.01 m]
    E --> F{Surface Type?}
    F -->|Flat| G[Calculate Area normally]
    F -->|Hemispherical| H[Use perimeter as width]
    F -->|Conical| I[Use curved length as width]

Note: Always measure net dimensions as laid on finished surfaces.

IS 1200 Part 26: Bills of Quantities - Key Points

• Description (Clause 2.5):

  • Items of work must fully describe materials, workmanship.
  • Accurately represent the executed work.

• Labour (Clause 2.12.1):

  • Labour must be described and measured separately.

• Measurement Units (Clause 2.4):

  • Dimensions to nearest 0.01 m.
  • Areas to nearest 0.01 m².
  • Measurement is net, as laid, in decimal system.

• Hemispherical Area (Clause 3.8):

  • Superficial area on finished surface.
  • Width = perimeter of finished surface.

Typical Measurement Specifications

Example Formula for Hemispherical Surface Area

[ \text{Surface Area} = \text{Perimeter} \times \text{Length (or height)} ]

Summary Diagram

flowchart TD
    A[Work Description] --> B[Materials & Workmanship]
    B --> C[Measurement]
    C --> D[Dimensions: 0.01 m]
    C --> E[Areas: 0.01 m²]
    C --> F[Labour Measured Separately]
    C --> G[Hemispherical Area = Perimeter × Length]

Note: Always verify site-specific details and specifications per contract documents.

IS 1200 Part 26 (1987) - Cuttings: Key Points & Formulas

• Clause 2.6: Cuttings include consequent waste unless stated otherwise.
• Measurement: Cuttings are measured by the volume of earth removed including waste material.
• Curved/Conical/Spherical Work:
  • Clause 2.12 & 3.7 specify measurement based on finished surface dimensions.
  • For conical portions, measure superficial area using curved length as width.
• Hemispherical Area (Clause 3.8):
  • Surface area = Perimeter × Width (perimeter of finished surface).

Common Formulas for Cuttings Volume

Rounding Off

• Follow IS 1200 rounding rules for numerical values in measurements.

flowchart TD
    A[Cuttings Measurement] --> B[Include Waste]
    A --> C[Volume Calculation]
    C --> D[Rectangular: L×B×D]
    C --> E[Trapezoidal: (A1+A2)/2 × L]
    C --> F[Conical Surface Area: π r l]
    C --> G[Hemispherical Area: 2 π r²]

Summary: Measure cuttings including waste volume; for curved/conical/spherical surfaces, use finished surface dimensions and standard geometric formulas as above.

IS 1200 Part 26: Mode of Measurement - Key Points

• Units: All work measured in square metres (m²) unless stated otherwise (Clause 2.7).
• Dimension Accuracy:
  • Lengths to nearest 0.01 m.
  • Areas to nearest 0.01 m² (Clause 2.4).
• Deductions: No deductions for embedded items or dissimilar material ends if area ≤ 0.1 m² (Clause 2.7).
• Measurement Basis: Net measurement "as laid" (Clause 2.4).
• Special Surfaces:
  • Hemispherical areas: Superficial finished surface area using perimeter as width (Clause 3.8).
  • Tanks with capping: Measured same as Clause 3.2 (Clause 3.3).

Measurement Formulae

Summary Table: Mode of Measurement

flowchart TD
    A[Work to be Measured] --> B[Measure Length & Width]
    B --> C{Is area ≤ 0.1 m²?}
    C -- Yes --> D[No deduction for embedded items]
    C -- No --> E[Deduct embedded items area]
    D --> F[Calculate net area]
    E --> F
    F --> G[Record area in m² to nearest 0.01]

This ensures uniformity and precision in measurement per IS 1200 Part 26.

Expansion and Dummy Joints as per IS 1200 Part 26

Key Points from the Code:

• Clause 2.8: Expansion and dummy joints, including the filler material, must be included in item descriptions for measurement.
• Measurement: The joints are measured by their finished surface area, considering the perimeter as the width (Clause 3.8).
• Dummy Joint: Typically a groove or joint that does not allow movement but acts as a crack inducer.
• Expansion Joint: Allows for thermal expansion and contraction, preventing structural damage.

Typical Specifications & Formulas

Measurement Method (Clause 3.8)

• Measure the superficial area on the finished surface.
• Width is taken as the perimeter of the finished surface.

Summary Diagram

flowchart LR
    A[Expansion Joint] --> B[Allows thermal movement]
    C[Dummy Joint] --> D[Controls cracking]
    B & D --> E[Measured by finished surface area]
    E --> F[Area = Perimeter × Width]

Practical Notes

• Ensure filler compressibility matches expected expansion.
• Joints should be clearly marked in drawings and item descriptions.
• Include filler thickness in measurement.

For detailed design, refer to IS 456 and IS 1343 for reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures respectively.

IS 1200 Part 26: Work in Repairs - Key Points

1. Description & Preparation (Clause 2.9)

• All repair work must be clearly described.
• Preparation of old surfaces to receive repairs should be included in the description.

2. Measurement of Curved Surfaces (Clause 3.8)

• For hemispherical areas, measure the superficial area on the finished surface.
• Width is taken as the perimeter of the finished surface.

3. Special Cases

• Isolated areas ≤ 1 m²: Must be described individually with nature of work (Clause 2.10).
• Curved, conical, spherical works: Describe separately with radius specified (Clause 2.12).

Measurement Formula for Hemispherical Surface Area:

[ \text{Surface Area} = 2 \pi r^2 ] Where:

• (r) = radius of the hemisphere

Summary Table for Repairs Measurement

flowchart TD
    A[Repair Work] --> B[Describe Work & Surface Preparation]
    B --> C{Type of Area}
    C -->|Isolated ≤1 m²| D[Describe Nature & Measure Individually]
    C -->|Curved/Conical/Spherical| E[Specify Radius & Measure Surface Area]
    C -->|General| F[Measure Area/Volume]

For detailed procedures, refer to IS 1200 Part 26 clauses above.

Key Specifications for Work in Isolated Areas (IS 1200 Part 26)

• Clause 2.10: Isolated works not exceeding 1 m² each must be described with their nature.
• Clause 2.12: Curved, conical, and spherical works must be described separately with stated radius.
• Clause 2.12.1: Labour for such works should be described and measured separately.

Measurement Method (Clause 3.8)

• For hemispherical areas, measure the superficial area on the finished surface.
• Width is taken as the perimeter of the finished surface.

Formula for Surface Area of a Hemisphere

[ A = 2 \pi r^2 ]

Where:

• (r) = radius of the hemisphere

Summary Table for Isolated Areas

flowchart TD
    A[Isolated Work ≤ 1 m²] --> B[Describe Nature]
    A --> C[Measure Superficial Area]
    D[Curved/Conical/Spherical Work] --> E[State Radius]
    E --> F[Measure Surface Area]
    G[Labour] --> H[Describe Separately]
    H --> I[Measure Separately]

Contact: Manak Bhavan, New Delhi for further clarifications.

IS 1200 Part 26: Method of Measurement - Key Points

• Units of Measurement:

  • All work is measured in square metres (m²) unless otherwise specified (Clause 2.7).
  • Dimensions measured to nearest 0.01 m; areas to nearest 0.01 m² (Clause 2.4).

• Labour Measurement:

  • Labour is described and measured separately (Clause 2.12.1).

• Deductions:

  • No deduction for embedded articles or dissimilar materials if area ≤ 0.1 m² (Clause 2.7).

• Special Surfaces:

  • For hemispherical surfaces, measure superficial area by taking width as the perimeter of the finished surface (Clause 3.8).

Summary Table: Measurement Guidelines

Practical Formula for Hemispherical Surface Area Measurement

If P = perimeter of the finished surface, then:

[ \text{Measured Area} = P \times \text{Length (or height)} ]

flowchart TD
    A[Start Measurement] --> B{Is area embedded ≤ 0.1 m²?}
    B -- Yes --> C[No deduction]
    B -- No --> D[Deduct embedded area]
    C --> E[Measure dimensions to 0.01 m]
    D --> E
    E --> F[Calculate area to 0.01 m²]
    F --> G{Is surface hemispherical?}
    G -- Yes --> H[Measure perimeter × length]
    G -- No --> I[Measure normal surface area]
    H --> J[Record measurement]
    I --> J

For detailed procedures, refer to IS 1200 Part 26 clauses 2.4, 2.7,

IS 1200 Part 26 (1987) – Acid Resistant Lining: Key Points for Floor Lining

• Measurement Basis:
  Floor lining is measured as the finished surface area. The width considered is the perimeter at the finished level (Clause 3.2).

• Scope:
  Covers acid resistant lining in buildings and civil engineering works, including floor linings exposed to corrosive environments.

• Measurement Method:

  • Measure the finished surface area (length × width) of the floor lining.
  • Include all edges and junctions as part of the perimeter for width measurement.
  • Thickness or depth is generally specified in project documents but not measured separately here.

• Rounding Off:
  Values are rounded off as per IS 2-1960, maintaining the same significant figures as specified.

Typical Measurement Formula for Floor Lining Area

[ \text{Area} = \text{Length} \times \text{Width (perimeter at finished level)} ]

Summary Table for Measurement

flowchart TD
    A[Floor Surface] --> B[Measure Length]
    A --> C[Measure Width (Perimeter)]
    B & C --> D[Calculate Area = Length × Width]
    D --> E[Record Finished Surface Area for Lining]

Note: For detailed thickness, materials, or acid resistance specifications, refer to project-specific documents or relevant IS codes on materials and lining thickness. IS 1200 Part 26 focuses on the method of measurement, not design or material specs.

IS 1200 Part 26 primarily covers acid resistant lining measurement, not general drain lining. However, based on Clause 3.2:

Key Points for Drain Lining Measurement:

• Measurement is of finished surface area.
• Width is taken as the perimeter at finished level (i.e., inside perimeter of the drain lining).
• Length is the linear length of the drain to be lined.

Formula for Quantity:

[ \text{Area of Drain Lining} = \text{Perimeter at finished level} \times \text{Length} ]

Where:

• Perimeter = sum of all internal sides of the drain cross-section.
• Length = length of the drain section lined.

Specifications:

• Measurement is for finished surface, inclusive of lining thickness.
• Acid resistant lining specifics (material, thickness) should comply with relevant IS codes or project specs.

Summary Table:

flowchart TD
    A[Drain Cross-section] --> B[Calculate Perimeter (P)]
    C[Length of Drain (L)] --> D[Multiply P x L]
    D --> E[Area of Drain Lining (A)]

For detailed acid resistant lining materials and thickness, refer to IS 1200 Part 26 and relevant chemical resistance standards.

IS 1200 Part 26 (1987) - Tanks with Capping: Key Points

• Measurement Method:
  As per Clause 3.3, measurement for tanks with capping follows the same procedure as Clause 3.2 (typically involving surface area or volume based on dimensions).

• Curved/Spherical Work (Clause 2.12):

  • Curved, conical, and spherical tank parts must specify the radius clearly.
  • This is essential for accurate measurement and fabrication.

• Circular Pedestals/Foundation (Clause 3.6):

  • Measured at finished circumference on the finished surface.

Typical Formulas for Tanks with Capping

Where:

• ( r ) = radius of tank
• ( h ) = height of tank body (excluding cap)

Measurement Notes:

• Include capping area (top cover) in total surface area.
• Specify radius for all curved components for clarity.
• Measurements are based on finished dimensions.

flowchart TD
    A[Tank Measurement] --> B{With Capping?}
    B -- Yes --> C[Use Clause 3.2 method]
    B -- No --> D[Use Clause 3.2 method]
    C --> E[Include curved surfaces]
    E --> F[Specify radius (Clause 2.12)]
    D --> F
    F --> G[Measure pedestals at finished circumference (Clause 3.6)]

Summary: Measure tanks with capping using the same method as Clause 3.2, include the curved surfaces with radius specified, and measure pedestals by finished circumference.

IS 1200 Part 26 (1987) - Tanks Without Capping: Key Points

• Measurement Method:
  As per Clause 3.4, measurement for tanks without capping follows the same procedure as Clause 3.2 (which generally covers measurement of tank surfaces).

• Reference for Measurement (Clause 3.2):
  Typically involves measuring the surface area of the tank walls and base, excluding any capping or finishing.

• Curved Surfaces (Clause 2.12):
  For curved tanks (cylindrical, conical, spherical), specify the radius clearly. Measurement involves calculating the curved surface area using radius and height.

Key Formulas for Circular Tanks Without Capping:

Measurement Notes:

• Measure finished surfaces at finished circumference (Clause 3.6 for pedestals).
• Separate description for curved/conical/spherical parts with radius.
• No allowance for capping thickness as it is absent.

flowchart TD
    A[Tank Without Capping] --> B[Measure Curved Surface Area]
    A --> C[Measure Base Area]
    B --> D[Use radius and height]
    C --> D
    D --> E[Calculate Total Surface Area]

Summary: Use surface area formulas for curved and base parts, measure at finished dimensions, and specify radius for curved components.

IS 1200 (Part 26) - Key Points for Rectangular Pedestals and Foundations

Measurement Basis (Clause 3.5)

• Measurement is based on finished surface.
• Width is taken as the perimeter of the finished rectangular surface.

Formulas for Rectangular Pedestal/Footing

Where:

• Length and Width are finished dimensions of the pedestal/foundation.
• Height is the vertical dimension of the pedestal/foundation.

Example:

If a pedestal has finished dimensions:

• Length = 1.2 m
• Width = 0.8 m
• Height = 0.5 m

Then,

• Perimeter ( P = 2 \times (1.2 + 0.8) = 4.0 , m )
• Surface area ( A = 4.0 \times 0.5 = 2.0 , m^2 )

Additional Notes:

• For circular pedestals, use circumference ( C = \pi \times Diameter ) as width (Clause 3.6).
• For conical portions, measure curved length along curvature (Clause 3.7).
• For hemispherical surfaces, width is perimeter of finished surface (Clause 3.8).

Summary Diagram

graph TD
A[Rectangular Pedestal] --> B[Length (L)]
A --> C[Width (W)]
A --> D[Height (H)]
B & C --> E[Perimeter P = 2(L+W)]
E & D --> F[Surface Area A = P × H]

For detailed specifications, refer to IS 1200 (Part 26) 1987.

IS 1200 Part 26 (1987) - Circular Pedestals or Foundations Measurement

• Clause 3.6: Measurement is based on finished surface circumference of the circular pedestal/foundation.
• Finished circumference, ( C = \pi \times D ), where:
  • ( D ) = finished diameter of the circular pedestal/foundation.

Key Formulas for Circular Pedestals/Foundation

Measurement Specifications

• Measure perimeter as circumference at finished surface (Clause 3.6).
• For curved/conical portions, measure length along curvature (Clause 3.7).
• Radius must be clearly stated for curved elements (Clause 2.12).

Summary Diagram

circleDiagram
    title Circular Pedestal Measurement
    circle
        diameter D
        circumference C = πD
        height h

Use these formulas and clauses for accurate measurement and specification of circular pedestals/foundations as per IS 1200 Part 26.

IS 1200 Part 26: Conical Portions Measurement

Key Points from Clauses:

• Clause 3.7:

  • Measure superficial area of conical sides using finished surface dimensions.
  • Width is the length of the curved portion along the cone's slant.

• Clause 2.12:

  • Curved, conical, and spherical works must specify the radius clearly.

• Clause 3.6:

  • Circular pedestals/foundations measured at finished circumference.

• Clause 2.6:

  • Cuttings include waste unless stated otherwise.

Important Formula for Conical Surface Area:

[ \text{Slant height } (l) = \sqrt{r^2 + h^2} ]

Where:

• (r) = radius of base
• (h) = vertical height of cone

[ \text{Curved Surface Area} = \pi \times r \times l ]

Measurement Summary:

graph TD
A[Conical Portion] --> B[Radius (r)]
A --> C[Height (h)]
A --> D[Slant Height (l)]
D --> E[Calculated as sqrt(r² + h²)]
A --> F[Surface Area = π × r × l]

Use finished surface measurements and include radius details explicitly for accurate estimation and billing.

IS 1200 Part 26 - Hemispherical Area Measurement

Key Specifications:

• Clause 3.8: Hemispherical superficial area is measured on the finished surface.
• Width is taken as the perimeter of the finished surface.

Formula for Hemispherical Surface Area:

The superficial area ( A ) of a hemisphere (including the curved surface only) is:

[ A = 2 \pi r^2 ]

• ( r ) = radius of the hemisphere (finished surface radius)
• Width (perimeter) = ( 2 \pi r )

Measurement Notes:

• Use finished surface dimensions for radius.
• Width corresponds to the perimeter along the curved surface.
• For conical or curved portions, measure along curvature (Clause 3.7).

Summary Table:

graph TD
A[Finished Surface Radius (r)] --> B[Calculate Perimeter = 2πr]
B --> C[Calculate Area = 2πr²]

Use these formulas and measurement rules for accurate estimation of hemispherical areas as per IS 1200 Part 26.