Bitumen-Mastic for Flooring

IS 1195: Scope & Key Specifications for Bitumen-Mastic Flooring

1. Scope (Clause 1.2)

Bitumen-mastic flooring is classified by usage into four grades:

Refer to Annex A for detailed guidance on selecting the appropriate grade.

2. Composition Requirements (Clause 9.5 & Table 4)

Aggregate grading:

• Retained on 600-micron IS Sieve: Minimum 95%
• Passing 9.5 mm IS Sieve: Minimum 90%

3. Additional Notes

• Numerical results must be rounded as per IS 2:1960 rules.
• Refer to Annex B for related Indian Standards referenced.

flowchart LR
    A[Bitumen-Mastic Flooring] --> B[Grade I: Special Flooring]
    A --> C[Grade II: Light Duty]
    A --> D[Grade III: Medium Duty]
    A --> E[Grade IV: Industrial Factory]

This classification guides material selection and application depending on traffic and load conditions.

IS 1195: Key References and Tables

1. Reference to Grades (Annex A)

• Annex A guides selection of appropriate grades for bitumen-mastic flooring.
• Grades I to IV differ in aggregate size and percentage.

2. Important Table: Coarse Aggregate for Bitumen-Mastic Flooring (Clause 4.2.3.1, Table 3)

3. Notes:

• Refer to Annex B for Indian Standards referenced.
• Always check for the latest editions of referred standards.
• The standard aligns with international practices for materials and specifications.

This table is critical for specifying coarse aggregate gradation and thickness for flooring applications under IS 1195.

IS 1195: Key Definitions, Formulas, and Tables Summary

1. Definitions

• Refer Clause 3.1: Definitions in IS 1195 apply along with those in IS 334 (Bitumen standards).

2. Bitumen Physical Properties (Table 1, Clause 4.1)

3. Coarse Aggregate Composition (Table 3, Clause 4.2.3.1)

4. Bitumen-Mastic Composition (Excluding Coarse Aggregate, Table 4, Clause 5.1)

IS 1195 - Key Material Specifications for Bitumen Mastic

1. Bitumen Properties (Table 1, Clause 4.1)

2. Bitumen-Mastic Composition (Table 4, Clause 9.5)

3. Coarse Aggregate for Bitumen-Mastic (Table 3, Clause 4.2.3.1)

IS 1195 — Composition Key Specifications

1. Bitumen-Mastic Composition (Excluding Coarse Aggregate)

2. Coarse Aggregate for Bitumen-Mastic Flooring (Clause 4.2.3.1)

3. Filler Requirements (Clause 4.2.3)

• Limestone powder with ≥85% passing 75-micron sieve
• Calcium carbonate content ≥80% by mass

4. Fine Aggregate Grading (Clause 4.2.2)

Notes:

• Bitumen-mastic analysis per Annex D.
• Coarse aggregate size controls strength and workability.
• Filler quality affects mastic durability and bonding.

flowchart

IS 1195: Manufacture and Composition of Bitumen-Mastic

1. Composition of Bitumen-Mastic (Excluding Coarse Aggregate) — Clause 9.5, Table 4

• Particle size control: 95% retained on 600-micron sieve, 90% passing 9.5 mm sieve.

2. Coarse Aggregate Size and Percentage — Clause 4.2.3.1, Table 3

3. Bitumen Physical Properties — Clause 4.1, Table 1

Hardness Number (IS 1195 - Clause 6.35 & Annex E)

• Definition:
  The hardness number represents the depth (in hundredths of cm) to which a flat-ended steel rod (diameter = 6.35 mm) penetrates the mastic under a load of 31.7 kg for 1 minute at 35 ± 0.5°C or 45 ± 0.5°C.

• Load:
  31.7 kg (equivalent to 100 kg/cm² pressure).

• Apparatus:
  Lever mechanism applying the load, steel rod indentor, calibrated dial gauge (see Fig. 4 in IS 1195).

• Test Procedure:

  • Take at least 5 readings ≥ 25 mm apart and ≥ 25 mm from edge.
  • Reject any reading differing > 2 units from mean.
  • Average the remaining readings.
  • If fewer than 4 valid readings remain, discard and retest.

Key Formula

[ \text{Hardness Number} = \text{Depth of penetration} \times 100 \quad (\text{in hundredths of cm}) ]

Summary Table: Hardness Test Parameters

flowchart TD
    A[Apply Load 31.7 kg] --> B[Steel Rod Indentor (6.35 mm dia)]
    B --> C[Penetration into Mastic]
    C --> D[Measure Depth (in 0.01 cm)]
    D --> E[Calculate Hardness Number]
    E --> F[Average of ≥4 Valid Readings]

Note: Use calibrated apparatus as per IS 1195 Fig. 4 for accurate and reproducible results.

IS 1195: Sampling, Conformity & Criteria for Acceptance

1. Sampling & Identification (Clause 8.5)

Each specimen must be clearly identified with:

• Authority name & address
• Sample number
• Material, binder & aggregate types
• Specification compliance
• Mixing plant details
• Sampling & laying dates
• Site & position of sample
• Course thickness & number
• Foundation & surface treatment nature
• Tests to be performed

Complete info ensures proper testing and interpretation.

2. Criteria for Conformity (Clause 8.4)

• The laboratory sample represents the lot.
• Lot conforms if the sample passes all tests per IS 1195.
• Test results rounded per IS 2:1960 rules, keeping significant digits same as specified values.

3. Hardness Number Limits (Clause 7 & Annex E)

Summary:

• Sample testing is decisive for lot acceptance.
• Hardness number controls quality at manufacture & laying.
• Detailed sample identification is mandatory for traceability.
• Rounding off follows IS 2:1960 for consistency.

flowchart TD
    A[Sample Collection] --> B[Sample Identification]
    B --> C[Laboratory Testing]
    C --> D{Pass All Tests?}
    D -- Yes --> E[Lot Accepted]
    D -- No --> F[Lot Rejected]

This ensures quality compliance and traceability in bitumen-mastic materials per IS 1195.

IS 1195 - Marking and Certification Summary

1. Marking Requirements (Clause 9.1)

Bitumen-mastic must be clearly marked with:

• Manufacturer's registered name or trademark
• Indian Standard number (IS 1195)

Marking methods: labeling, paint, or branding without impairing material efficiency.

2. BIS Certification Mark (Clause 9.2 & 9.2.1)

• Use governed by Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986.
• Licence for Standard Mark use must be obtained from BIS.
• Marking indicates compliance with IS standards.

3. Grades & Recommended Thickness (Annex A, Clause 1.4)

4. Referenced Indian Standards (Annex B)

• IS 702: Industrial bitumen
• IS 1203: Penetration test
• IS 1205: Softening point test
• IS 334: Glossary of bitumen terms
• Others related to pigments, solvents, and aggregates.

5. Calcium Carbonate Content Test (Annex C)

• Acid digestion with HCl, boiling, filtration.
• Neutralization and indicator use to determine CaCO3 content.

flowchart LR
    A[Bitumen-Mastic] --> B{Marking}
    B -->|Name & IS No.| C[Manufacturer's ID]
    B -->|BIS Mark| D[BIS License]
    A --> E{Grades}
    E --> G1[Grade I: 15-20 mm]
    E --> G2[Grade II: 15-20 mm]
    E --> G3[Grade III: 20-30 mm]
    E --> G4[Grade IV: 30-50 mm]

Use this summary for compliance, certification, and selection of bitumen-mastic grades per IS 1195.

IS 1195: Bitumen-Mastic Flooring - Grades & Thickness

Grades of Bitumen-Mastic Flooring (Clause 1.2)

Coarse Aggregate Size & Percentage (Table 3, Clause 4.2.3.1 & 5.1)

Bitumen Physical Properties (Table 1, Clause 4.1)

Summary Notes:

• Thickness depends on grade and aggregate size.
• Coarse aggregate retained on 600μm IS sieve is

IS 1195: List of Referred Indian Standards – Key Points

• Annex B of IS 1195 lists all referred Indian Standards which form an integral part of this code.
• These referenced standards cover materials, testing, and construction practices related to flooring, wall finishing, and roofing.
• Clause 1.4 guides selection of appropriate grades (see Annex A).
• The standards are subject to periodic revision; always check for the latest editions.
• Hardness Testing (Clause 3.1.4):
  • Test points ≥ 25 mm apart and from edges.
  • Take ≥ 5 readings; reject any reading differing by > 2 units from mean.
  • If < 4 valid readings, retest on new sample.

Important Notes:

• The values in Table 1 (materials specifications) have been updated in the third revision.
• The committee composition includes experts from BIS, industry, research institutes, and government bodies ensuring comprehensive coverage.

Typical Referenced IS Codes (examples):

Summary Diagram: Relationship of IS 1195 with Referenced Standards

graph LR
    A[IS 1195] --> B[Material Specs (Annex B)]
    A --> C[Testing Procedures (Clause 3.1.4)]
    B --> D[IS 2386 - Aggregates]
    B --> E[IS 383 - Aggregates]
    B --> F[IS 456 - Concrete]
    C --> G[Hardness Test Guidelines]

Always verify the latest versions of referenced IS codes for compliance and updated values.

IS 1195: Determination of Calcium Carbonate Content (Annex C & Clause 1.784)

Procedure Summary:

1. Sample Preparation:
   Weigh ~1 g sample in 250 ml beaker.

2. Acid Treatment:
   Add 15-20 ml concentrated HCl diluted 1:3 with distilled water. Boil for a few minutes.

3. Dilution & Filtration:
   Add ~100 ml distilled water, filter through Whatman No. 42, wash thoroughly.

4. Precipitation:

   • Add 4% ammonium oxalate solution slowly to excess while boiling.
   • Add 1:10 ammonia solution until neutral or faintly alkaline.
   • Check precipitation completeness with a few drops of oxalate solution.

5. Ignition:
   Filter, wash, dry filter paper and contents in a tared platinum crucible, ignite to constant weight.

6. Calculation:
   [ \text{CaCO}_3% = \text{Weight of residue} \times 1.7847 \times \frac{100}{\text{Weight of sample}} ]

Specifications:

• Filler Calcium Carbonate Content: Minimum 80% by mass (Clause 4.2.3).
• Filler Grading: At least 85% passing 75-micron IS sieve.

Notes:

• Alternative volumetric methods (e.g., potassium permanganate titration) may be used by mutual agreement.

Quick Reference Table: Calcium Carbonate Content Calculation

flowchart TD
    A[Weigh ~1g sample] --> B[Add diluted HCl, boil]
    B --> C[Add distilled water, filter]
    C --> D[Add ammonium oxalate, precipitate

IS 1195: Method for Determination of Binder Content and Fine Aggregates

Key Specifications & Tables

1. Composition of Bitumen-Mastic (Excluding Coarse Aggregate) — Table 4 (Clause 5.1)

2. Coarse Aggregate Size & Percentage — Table 3 (Clause 4.2.3.1)

Procedure Highlights (Annex D, Clause 5.2)

• Separate bitumen-mastic from coarse aggregates by sieving (600-micron IS sieve).
• Determine binder content by solvent extraction (using solvents like trichloroethylene).
• Analyze fine aggregates passing specific sieve sizes (75, 212, 600 microns).
• Calculate percentages based on mass of sample.

Calcium Carbonate Content (Clause 1.784)

• After acid treatment and precipitation, residue weight × 1.784 = % CaCO₃ in sample.

Summary Flow

flowchart LR
    A[Sample Collection] --> B[Sieve Analysis (600-micron)]
    B --> C{Coarse Aggregate?}
    C -- Yes --> D[Determine

IS 1195 - Method for Determining Hardness Number

Definition (Clause 6.35 & Annex E)

• Hardness Number (HN): Depth of penetration (in hundredths of cm) of a flat-ended steel rod (6.35 mm diameter) into mastic under a 31.7 kg load for 1 minute.
• Temperature maintained at 35 ± 0.5°C or 45 ± 0.5°C.
• Load corresponds to 100 kg/cm² pressure.

Apparatus (Fig. 4)

• Flat-ended steel rod, 6.35 mm diameter.
• Lever for applying 31.7 kg load.
• Calibrated dial gauge for measuring penetration.
• Temperature-controlled bath with heater and stirrer.

Test Procedure (Annex E-3.1.4)

• Take at least 5 readings, spaced ≥ 25 mm apart and from edges.
• Reject any reading differing by >2 hardness units from mean.
• Average remaining values; if fewer than 4 readings remain, repeat test.

Formula

Hardness Number (HN) = Depth of penetration × 100 (in hundredths of cm)

Summary Table

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Sample] --> B[Apply Load (31.7 kg)]
    B --> C[Maintain Temp 35±0.5°C]
    C --> D[Measure Penetration Depth]
    D --> E[Take ≥5 Readings]
    E --> F{Any Reading >2 units from mean?}
    F -- Yes --> G[Reject Reading]
    F -- No --> H[Calculate Average Hardness Number]

This method ensures reproducible hardness values for bituminous mastics per IS 1195.

IS 1195: Composition of Committee & Key Specifications

• Committee Composition:
  The committee responsible for this standard's formulation is detailed in Annex F (no specific clause).

Key Tables & Specifications for Bitumen-Mastic Composition

Table 4: Bitumen-Mastic Composition (by mass %)

Table 3: Coarse Aggregate for Flooring

Table 2: Fine Aggregate Grading (% by weight)