Guidelines for safe use of products containing asbestos, Part 2: Friction materials

IS 11769 Part 2: Scope Summary

• Applicability: Covers asbestos-containing friction materials (moulded and woven forms) used in:

  • Brake linings (roll, strip, sheet)
  • Brake blocks, liners, segments
  • Disc brake pads
  • Clutch facings
  • Transmission discs and band liners
  • Industrial brake linings and clutch facings

• Objective: Guide safe assembly, application, and servicing of asbestos friction materials to prevent harmful asbestos dust emission.

• Reference Standards: Annex A lists related standards; users should consult latest editions for compliance.

Key Specifications (Summary)

Safety Emphasis

• Use proper handling to avoid asbestos dust.
• Follow assembly and servicing guidelines strictly.
• Refer to Annex A for updated standards.

flowchart LR
    A[Asbestos Friction Materials] --> B[Brake Linings]
    A --> C[Brake Blocks & Liners]
    A --> D[Disc Brake Pads]
    A --> E[Clutch Facings]
    A --> F[Transmission Discs & Band Liners]
    B --> G[Roll/Strip/Sheet]
    C --> H[Moulded Segments]
    E --> I[Woven/Moulded]

For detailed formulas and test methods, refer to IS 11769 Part 2 clauses and Annex A standards.

IS 11769 (Part 2) — Referenced Standards Summary

This standard governs asbestos-containing friction materials (brake linings, clutch facings, etc.) with emphasis on safe use and disposal.

Key Referenced Indian Standards (Annex A)

Important Specifications & Guidelines

• Waste Disposal (Clause 7.4):
  Broken/worn asbestos linings must be collected and disposed of per IS 11768 to avoid harmful dust emission.

• Packaging:
  Packages must display pictorial warnings and precautionary notices as per IS 12081 (Part 2).

• Material Safety Data Sheet (Clause 9):
  Must include:

  • Product designation
  • Manufacturer details
  • Health hazards (especially asbestos-related)
  • Handling precautions
  • Cleaning and disposal procedures

Summary Diagram: Flow of Safety Compliance

flowchart TD
    A[Manufacture of Asbestos Friction Material]
    B[Packaging with Warning Signs (IS 12081 Part 2)]
    C[Use/Application with Precautions]
    D[Collection of Waste (Broken/Worn Linings)]
    E[Disposal as per IS 11768]
    F[Cleaning of Premises (IS 11767)]

    A --> B --> C --> D --> E
    D --> F

Notes

• Always check for the latest editions of referenced standards.
• BIS holds copyright; use details only for implementation.
• These guidelines ensure safe handling and minimize asbestos dust hazards.

For detailed procedures, consult the full standards IS 11767, IS 11768, and IS 12081 (Part 2).

IS 11769 Part 2: Terminology & Scope for Asbestos-Containing Friction Materials

Key Terminology (Clause 1.2):

• Friction Materials Covered:
  • Brake linings (roll, strip, sheet)
  • Brake blocks, liners, lining segments
  • Disc brake pads
  • Clutch facings
  • Automotive transmission discs & band liners
  • Industrial brake linings & clutch facings

Purpose:

• To guide safe use and handling of asbestos-containing friction materials.
• To minimize harmful asbestos dust emission during assembly, application, and servicing.

Important Notes:

• Refer to Annex A for related standards (always check for latest editions).
• Applies specifically to asbestos-containing moulded and woven friction materials.

No direct formulas or tables in Clause 1.2, but key points include:

flowchart TD
    A[Friction Materials] --> B[Brake Linings]
    A --> C[Brake Blocks & Liners]
    A --> D[Disc Brake Pads]
    A --> E[Clutch Facings]
    A --> F[Transmission Discs & Band Liners]
    A --> G[Industrial Brake Linings]
    A --> H[Safe Handling & Application]

For detailed mechanical properties or testing methods, refer to other clauses or related IS standards in Annex A.

IS 11769 Part 2: Basic Requirements for Working with Asbestos Containing Friction Material

Scope (Clause 1.2)

Applies to asbestos-containing friction materials such as:

• Brake linings (roll, strip, sheet)
• Brake blocks, liners, segments
• Disc brake pads
• Clutch facings
• Transmission discs, band liners
• Industrial brake linings and clutch facings

Key Safety Requirements (Clause 4.3)

• Dust Extraction Systems:
  Fixed workstations or machines generating asbestos dust must have effective dust extraction with sufficient air velocity to keep airborne asbestos fiber concentration below threshold limits.

• Threshold Limits:
  Although IS 11769 Part 2 references safe limits, typical airborne asbestos fibre limits are:

  Parameter	Limit (Asbestos Fibres/ml)
  Occupational Exposure Limit	0.1 fibres/ml (8-hour TWA)
  Short term exposure limit	1.0 fibres/ml (15 min)

General Guidelines

• Use personal protective equipment (PPE) like respirators.
• Avoid dry sanding or grinding to minimize dust.
• Use wet methods or vacuum extraction.
• Proper disposal of asbestos waste as per environmental norms.

Summary Diagram: Safe Working with Asbestos Friction Materials

flowchart TD
    A[Start: Handling Asbestos Friction Material] --> B{Is dust generated?}
    B -- Yes --> C[Use Dust Extraction System]
    C --> D[Maintain Air Velocity to keep fibre levels < 0.1 fibres/ml]
    B -- No --> E[Proceed with standard handling]
    D --> F[Use PPE (Respirators, Gloves)]
    E --> F
    F --> G[Dispose Waste Safely]
    G --> H[End]

References:

• IS 11769-2 (2005)
• Annex A for related standards on asbestos safety

IS 11769 Part 2: Use of Asbestos-Containing Friction Materials

Scope (Clause 1.2)

Applies to asbestos friction materials such as:

• Brake linings (roll, strip, sheet)
• Brake blocks, liners, segments
• Disc brake pads
• Clutch facings
• Transmission discs, band liners
• Industrial brake linings and clutch facings

Key Safety & Handling Specifications (Clause 6.6)

• Friction materials must be supplied ready-to-use, no extra finishing needed.
• If finishing is necessary:
  • Use only hand tools.
  • Power tools (saws, abrasive discs) are prohibited unless equipped with exhaust ventilation.
• Aim: Prevent harmful asbestos dust emission.

Important Notes:

• Follow referenced standards in Annex A (check latest editions).
• Ensure safe assembly, application, and servicing to minimize asbestos exposure.

Summary Table: Finishing Operations on Asbestos Friction Materials

This standard emphasizes safe handling to avoid asbestos dust hazards during use and servicing of friction materials.

IS 11769 Part 2: Servicing of Brakes and Clutches in Workshops and Garages

Key Specifications & Guidelines

• Scope (Clause 1.2):
  Applies to asbestos-containing friction materials such as brake linings, blocks, liners, disc pads, clutch facings, transmission discs, and industrial brake/clutch linings.

• Health & Safety (Clause 5.6):

  • Exhaust ventilation equipment must be inspected and tested daily for effectiveness.
  • Maintain and retain inspection records.

• Working with Asbestos Materials (Clause 6.6):

  • Friction materials should be supplied ready-to-use; no extra finishing operations unless necessary.
  • If finishing is needed, use hand tools only.
  • Power tools (saws, abrasive discs) only with exhaust ventilation attached.

Important Notes

• Avoid airborne asbestos dust by proper ventilation and safe handling.
• Refer to Annex A for related standards and ensure compliance with the latest editions.

Summary Table: Tool Usage for Asbestos-Containing Friction Materials

flowchart LR
    A[Receive Friction Material] --> B{Is Finishing Needed?}
    B -- No --> C[Use as supplied]
    B -- Yes --> D{Tool Type?}
    D -- Hand Tools --> E[Proceed with finishing]
    D -- Power Tools --> F[Check Exhaust Ventilation]
    F -- Present --> E
    F -- Absent --> G[Do Not Proceed]

This ensures safety and compliance when servicing brakes and clutches containing asbestos.

Waste Disposal Key Points from IS 11769 Part 2 (Clause 7.4 & related)

• Waste Types: Broken/worn linings, loose swarf, dust from fabrication.
• Handling:
  • Broken/worn linings usually don't produce harmful dust but must be collected and disposed of in controlled manner if in quantity.
  • Loose swarf/dust should be collected in strong plastic impermeable bags.
  • If vacuum cleaning is not possible, wet waste materials thoroughly before removal (Clause 7.2).
• Disposal Standard: Follow IS 11768 for asbestos waste disposal.
• Packaging:
  • Friction materials containing asbestos must have pictorial warning signs as per IS 12081 (Part 2).
• Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) must accompany asbestos products, including:
  • Product details, manufacturer info
  • Health hazards (especially asbestos-related)
  • Handling precautions
  • Cleaning and safe disposal procedures

Summary Table: Waste Disposal Requirements

Important References

• IS 11767: Cleaning premises with asbestos fibers.
• IS 11768: Disposal of asbestos waste.
• IS 12081 (Part 2): Warning signs for asbestos products.

flowchart TD
    A[Waste Generation] --> B{Type of Waste}
    B -->|Broken/Worn Linings| C[Collect & Dispose Controlled (IS 11768)]
    B -->|Loose Swarf/Dust| D[Collect in Plastic Bags]
    D --> C
    B -->|Asbestos-containing| E[Label with Warning (IS 12081)]
    E --> F[Attach MSDS]
    F --> C

Note: Always ensure dust control and personal protective equipment when handling asbestos-containing waste.

IS 11769 (Part 2): Packaging and Labeling of Asbestos Containing Friction Material

Key Specifications:

• Packaging:

  • Must include pictorial warning signs and precautionary notices as per IS 12081 (Part 2): 1987.
  • Warning must clearly indicate the presence of asbestos fibers and health hazards due to dust inhalation.
  • Packaging should prevent asbestos dust emission during handling and transportation.

• Labeling:

  • Must display:
    • Product designation.
    • Manufacturer's name and address.
    • Health hazard warnings related to asbestos.
    • Precautionary handling instructions.
    • Waste cleaning and safe disposal procedures.

• Material Safety Data Sheet (Clause 9):

  • Accompany all asbestos-containing friction materials.
  • Include all above labeling info plus cleaning and disposal guidelines.

• Waste Disposal (Clause 7.4):

  • Broken/worn linings collected and disposed of per IS 11768: 1986.
  • Avoid dust generation during disposal.

Relevant IS Standards for Reference:

Summary Diagram:

flowchart TD
    A[Asbestos Friction Material] --> B[Packaging]
    B --> C[Pictorial Warning (IS 12081 Part 2)]
    B --> D[Label with Product & Manufacturer Info]
    B --> E[Health Hazard & Precautionary Info]
    A --> F[Material Safety Data Sheet]
    F --> G[Handling Instructions]
    F --> H[Disposal Procedures]
    A --> I[Waste Disposal]
    I --> J[Follow IS 11768 Guidelines]

Note: These guidelines ensure safe handling, minimize asbestos dust exposure, and comply with regulatory requirements.

IS 11769 Part 2: Material Data Sheet for Asbestos Containing Friction Materials

Material Data Sheet must include:

Related Key Specifications:

• Packaging: Must bear pictorial warning as per IS 12081 (Part 2).
• Waste Disposal: Follow IS 11768 for controlled disposal of asbestos waste.
• Health Safety: Avoid dust generation; broken/worn linings collected and disposed safely.

Summary Diagram: Material Data Sheet Components

graph TD
    A[Material Data Sheet] --> B[Product Designation]
    A --> C[Manufacturer Details]
    A --> D[Health Hazards]
    A --> E[Precautionary Measures]
    A --> F[Waste Disposal Procedure]

Note: Always refer to the latest editions of IS 11769, IS 11768, and IS 12081 for updated safety and handling standards.

IS 11769 Part 2: List of Referred Indian Standards

This part of IS 11769 references key standards related to asbestos-containing friction materials, waste disposal, and safety precautions:

Key Points:

• Waste Disposal: Follow IS 11768 for controlled disposal of asbestos waste.
• Packaging: Must display pictorial warning signs as per IS 12081 (Part 2).
• Material Safety Data Sheet (Clause 9): Must include product designation, manufacturer details, health hazards, handling precautions, and waste disposal procedures.

Summary Diagram:

flowchart TD
    A[Asbestos Friction Materials] --> B[Packaging with Warning Sign (IS 12081 Part 2)]
    A --> C[Material Safety Data Sheet]
    C --> D[Health Hazards Info]
    C --> E[Handling Precautions]
    C --> F[Disposal Procedures]
    G[Waste Disposal] --> H[Follow IS 11768]

Use these standards collectively to ensure safety, health, and environmental compliance when handling asbestos-containing products.