IS 115941985AI Search Enabled✦ AI Generated

mild steel thin-walled sampling tubes and sampler heads

IS 11594:1985 specifies the requirements for mild steel thin-walled sampling tubes and sampler heads used for in-situ soil sampling with open drive tube samplers. It defines materials, dimensions, construction details, and marking requirements to ensure reliable, standardized equipment for geotechnical investigations. This standard is essential for engineers and manufacturers involved in soil testing and foundation engineering.

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77Clauses Indexed
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1985Edition
Soil and Foundation EngineeringCategory
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What This Standard Covers

IS 11594:1985 specifies the requirements for mild steel thin-walled sampling tubes and sampler heads used for in-situ soil sampling with open drive tube samplers. It defines materials, dimensions, construction details, and marking requirements to ensure reliable, standardized equipment for geotechnical investigations. This standard is essential for engineers and manufacturers involved in soil testing and foundation engineering.

Who Uses This Standard

  • Geotechnical Engineers
  • Soil Testing Laboratory Technicians
  • Civil Engineers
  • Foundation Engineers
  • Construction Material Manufacturers
  • Quality Control Inspectors
  • Soil Sampling Equipment Manufacturers

Key Topics Covered

Material specifications for sampling tubes and heads
Dimensions and tolerances of tubes
Construction details of sampling tubes, cutting shoes, and sampler heads
Surface finish and hardness requirements
Sizes and thread specifications
Marking and identification requirements
Compliance with relevant Indian Standards
Quality assurance and ISI certification
Design features for accurate soil sampling
Compatibility with open drive tube samplers
Standardization for soil investigation equipment
Definitions related to soil engineering sampling

Table of Contents

1Scope

IS 11594: Scope - Key Specifications & Tables


1. Scope Summary

  • Covers soil testing instruments and equipment.
  • Ensures products comply with IS standards and quality control under ISI certification.
  • ISI mark indicates conformity and continuous quality surveillance.

2. Units & Symbols (SI Units)

QuantityUnitSymbolDefinition
Lengthmetrem
Masskilogramkg
Timeseconds
ForcenewtonN1 N = 1 kg·m/s²
Pressure, StresspascalPa1 Pa = 1 N/m²
EnergyjouleJ1 J = 1 N·m
PowerwattW1 W = 1 J/s
FrequencyhertzHz1 Hz = 1 cycle/s

3. Sampling Tube Dimensions (Clause 5.1, Fig. 1)

Size (mm)406580100
Thread size (T)M45×3M75×3M85×3M110×3
Outermost dia. of shoe (Dw)507794115
Nominal dia. of tube (Ds)406580100
Outer dia. of shoe (Dw)416682103
Internal dia. of shoe (Dc)39647898
  • Cutting shoes designed for area ratio within ±10% and inside clearance 1-3%.

4. Rounding Off (Clause 0.4)

  • Final test values should be rounded per IS 2-1960.
  • Retain the same number of significant figures
2References

IS 11594 Key References Summary

1. Marking & Certification (Clause 6.1.1)

  • Equipment parts may carry the ISI Certification Mark.
  • ISI Mark ensures compliance with the standard, backed by inspection, testing, and quality control.
  • Licensing details for ISI Mark use are governed by the Indian Standards Institution.

2. International System of Units (SI Units)

QuantityUnitSymbol
Lengthmetrem
Masskilogramkg
Timeseconds
Electric currentampereA
Thermodynamic temperaturekelvinK
Luminous intensitycandelacd
Amount of substancemolemol

Supplementary Units:

QuantityUnitSymbol
Plane angleradianrad
Solid anglesteradiansr

Derived Units:

QuantityUnitSymbolDefinition
ForcenewtonN1 N = 1 kg·m/s²
EnergyjouleJ1 J = 1 N·m
PowerwattW1 W = 1 J/s
Magnetic fluxweberWb1 Wb = 1 V·s
Magnetic flux densityteslaT1 T = 1 Wb/m²
FrequencyhertzHz1 Hz = 1 cycle/s
Electric conductancesiemensS1 S = 1 A/V
Electromotive forcevoltV1 V = 1 W/A
Pressure, stresspascalPa1 Pa = 1 N/m²

3. Rounding Off (Clause 0.4)

  • Final test or analysis values must be rounded as per IS : 2-1960.
  • Number
3Materials

IS 11594: Materials for Sampling Tubes

Key Materials & Specifications (Clause 3.1, Table 1)

PartMaterialSpecial RequirementIS Standard
TubeMild steelSmooth surfaceIS: 1239 (Part 1) - 1979*
Cutting shoesMild steel case hardenedHardness 45-50 HRC, smooth surfaceIS: 4432 - 1967
Sampling headMild steel-IS: 226 - 1975

* IS 1239 (Part 1) covers mild steel tubes, tubulars, and fittings.


Additional Notes

  • Hardness for cutting shoes: 45-50 HRC ensures wear resistance.
  • Surface finish: Smooth surfaces reduce soil disturbance.
  • ISI Marking (Clause 6.1.1): Equipment parts may carry ISI certification ensuring quality compliance.

Dimensions Summary (from Fig. 1 & Clause 5.1)

Size (mm)Thread Size (T)Outer Dia Shoes & Head (Dw)Nominal Tube Dia (Ds)Outer Dia Shoes (Dw)Internal Dia Shoes (Dc)
40M45×350404139
65M75×377656664
80M85×394808278
100M110×311510010398

Summary Diagram of Sampling Tube Parts

graph LR
A[Sampling Head] --> B[Tubular Tube]
B --> C[Cutting Shoe]
C --> D[Soil Sample]

This concise summary covers the material types, specifications, hardness, and dimensional details essential for sampling tubes per IS 11594.

4Dimensions and Tolerances

IS 11594: Dimensions and Tolerances Summary

  • Tube Sizes (Internal Diameter): 40, 65, 80, 100 mm
  • Tolerance on all dimensions: ±0.5 mm (Clause 4.1)
  • Length: As desired (Clause 5.1)

Key Dimensions (mm) for Sampling Tubes, Shoes & Heads

Size (Ds)Thread Size (T)Outer Dia Shoes & Head (Dw)Outer Dia Shoes (Dw)Internal Dia Shoes (Dc)
40M45×3504139
65M75×3776664
80M85×3948278
100M110×311510398
  • Thread sizes correspond to tube sizes for coupling compatibility.
  • Cutting shoes designed for area ratio within ±10% and inside clearance of 1-3%.

Rounding Off

  • Follow IS 2-1960 for rounding test/analysis results to the same significant figures as specified values.

Illustration of Sampling Tube Components

graph LR
A[Sampling Tube] --> B[Driving Head]
B --> C[Cutting Shoe]
C --> D[Steel Ball (Ø25)]
C --> E[Vent Holes (4)]

This ensures dimensional accuracy and interchangeability as per IS 11594.

5Construction

IS 11594: Construction of Sampling Tubes - Key Specifications & Tables

1. Materials (Clause 3.1, Table 1)

PartMaterialSpecial RequirementIS Standard
TubeMild steelSmooth surfaceIS 1239 (Part 1) 1979
Cutting shoesMild steel case hardenedHardness 45-50 HRC, smoothIS 4432 - 1967
Sampling headMild steel-IS 226 - 1975

2. Sizes & Dimensions (Clause 4.1 & 5.1, Fig. 1)

  • Sizes (Internal Diameter, mm): 40, 65, 80, 100
  • Tolerance: ±0.5 mm on all dimensions
Size (mm)Thread size (T)Outer dia shoes & head (Dw, mm)Nominal tube dia (Ds, mm)Outer dia shoes (Dw, mm)Internal dia shoes (Dc, mm)
40M45×350404139
65M75×377656664
80M85×394808278
100M110×311510010398
  • Cutting shoes: Designed for area ratio within ±10%, inside clearance 1-3%.

3. Additional Notes

  • Sampling tubes, cutting shoes, and heads follow Fig. 1 details.
  • Thread sizes correspond to the sampler size.
  • ISI Certification Mark may be applied per Clause 6.1.1.

Summary Diagram: Sampling Tube Components

graph LR
A[Sampling Head] --> B[Cutting Shoe]
B --> C[Sampling Tube]
C --> D[Coupling with Threads]

This concise guide covers key construction

6Marking

IS 11594 - Marking Specifications (Clause 6.1 & 6.1.1)

  • Marking Requirements on Each Equipment Part:

    • Manufacturer's name or registered trademark (or both).
    • Size and length of the component.
    • Optional: ISI Certification Mark (subject to ISI Act and licensing).
  • ISI Certification Mark:

    • Indicates compliance with IS standards.
    • Ensures production under ISI-supervised quality control.
    • Continuous ISI conformity checks.
    • Licensing details available from Indian Standards Institution.

Summary Table: Marking Information

Marking ItemRequirement
Manufacturer IdentificationName or trademark
Component Size & LengthMust be clearly marked
ISI Certification MarkOptional, if licensed

Additional Notes:

  • Markings must be clear and indelible.
  • Rounding of test values per IS 2:1960.
  • Use SI units as per IS 11594 for all markings (e.g., length in meters).

flowchart TD
    A[Equipment Part] --> B[Mark Manufacturer Name/Trademark]
    A --> C[Mark Size & Length]
    A --> D{ISI Certification Mark?}
    D -->|Yes| E[Apply ISI Mark]
    D -->|No| F[No ISI Mark]

For detailed licensing and marking guidelines, consult the Indian Standards Institution.

7Quality Assurance

Quality Assurance as per IS 11594

Key Points:

  • ISI Certification Mark (Clause 6.1.1):

    • Equipment parts may be marked with the ISI mark.
    • This mark ensures compliance with the standard through a system of inspection, testing, and quality control supervised by ISI.
    • Continuous ISI checks ensure conformity.
  • Material Specifications (Clause 3.1, Table 1):

    PartMaterialSpecial RequirementIS Standard Reference
    TubeMild steelSmooth surfaceIS: 1239 (Part 1) - 1979
    Cutting shoesMild steel case hardened45-50 HRC, smooth surfaceIS: 4432 - 1967
    Sampling headMild steelIS: 226 - 1975
  • Rounding Off (Clause 0.4):

    • Test results must be rounded off per IS: 2-1960.
    • Number of significant digits retained should match the standard's specified value.
  • Marking and Traceability:

    • Marking ensures traceability and quality control adherence.

Summary Diagram of Quality Assurance Flow

flowchart TD
    A[Manufacture Equipment] --> B[Inspection & Testing]
    B --> C{Comply with IS 11594?}
    C -- Yes --> D[Apply ISI Certification Mark]
    C -- No --> E[Rectify/Reject]
    D --> F[Continuous ISI Surveillance]
    F --> G[Maintain Quality Assurance]

Note: For detailed procedures on inspection, testing, and certification, refer to the Indian Standards Institution guidelines under the Certification Marks Act.

8Definitions

IS 11594: Definitions & Key Specifications Summary

1. Definitions

  • Refer to IS 2809:1972 for all soil engineering terms and symbols.
  • Glossary covers standard soil testing terminology.

2. Units and Symbols (SI Units)

QuantityUnitSymbolDefinition/Relation
Lengthmetrem
Masskilogramkg
Timeseconds
ForcenewtonN1 N = 1 kg·m/s²
EnergyjouleJ1 J = 1 N·m
PowerwattW1 W = 1 J/s
Pressure, stresspascalPa1 Pa = 1 N/m²
FrequencyhertzHz1 Hz = 1 cycle/s

3. Marking (Clause 6.1.1)

  • Equipment parts may bear ISI Certification Mark, ensuring compliance with IS standards under ISI supervision.

4. Sampling Tube Dimensions (Clause 5.1 & Fig.1)

Size (mm)406580100
Thread size (T)M45×3M75×3M85×3M110×3
Outermost dia (Dw)507794115
Nominal tube dia (Ds)406580100
Outer dia shoes (Dw)416682103
Internal dia shoes (Dc)39647898
  • Cutting shoes designed for area ratio ±10% and inside clearance 1-3%.

flowchart TD
    A[IS 11594 Definitions] --> B[Refer IS 2809:1972]
   

Popular Questions About IS 11594

?What materials are specified for the construction of sampling tubes and sampler heads?

As per IS 11594 Clause 3.1 and Table 1, the materials specified for sampling tubes and sampler heads are:

  • Sampling Tube:

    • Material: Mild steel
    • Requirement: Smooth surface
    • Standard: IS 1239 (Part 1) 1979 (Grade light)
  • Cutting Shoes:

    • Material: Mild steel, case hardened
    • Hardness: 45-50 HRC with smooth surface
    • Standard: IS 4432 - 1967
  • Sampling Head:

    • Material: Mild steel
    • Standard: IS 226 - 1975 (Structural steel, standard quality)

Summary Table:

PartMaterialSpecial RequirementIS Standard
TubeMild steelSmooth surfaceIS 1239 (Part 1) 1979
Cutting shoesMild steel, case hardened45-50 HRC, smooth surfaceIS 4432 - 1967
Sampling headMild steelNoneIS 226 - 1975

These materials ensure durability, proper hardness, and smooth finish for effective sampling.

?What are the standard sizes and dimensional tolerances for the sampling tubes?

According to IS 11594, the standard sizes and dimensional tolerances for mild steel thin-walled sampling tubes are:

  • Standard internal diameters:

    • 40 mm
    • 65 mm
    • 80 mm
    • 100 mm
  • Dimensional tolerance:
    ±0.5 mm on all dimensions

This ensures uniformity and interchangeability in sampling operations.

Loading diagram...

This specification helps maintain accuracy in sampling and compatibility with sampler heads.

?How should the cutting shoes be treated to meet hardness requirements?

According to IS 11594:1985, Clause 3.1 and Table 1, the cutting shoes must be made of mild steel and case hardened to achieve a hardness of 45-50 HRC with a smooth surface finish.

Treatment for Cutting Shoes:

  • Material: Mild steel suitable for case hardening (IS: 4432-1967).
  • Process: Case hardening to develop a hard surface layer.
  • Hardness requirement: 45-50 HRC (Rockwell Hardness C scale).
  • Surface finish: Smooth to ensure proper cutting and durability.

Summary:

ParameterRequirement
MaterialMild steel (case hardenable)
Hardness45-50 HRC
Surface finishSmooth
IS StandardIS: 4432 - 1967

This treatment ensures durability and effective soil sampling by providing wear resistance on the cutting edge while maintaining toughness in the core.

Loading diagram...
?What marking information is required on each component of the sampling equipment?

According to IS 11594 Clause 6.1, each component of the sampling equipment must be clearly and indelibly marked with:

  • Manufacturer's name or registered trademark (or both)
  • Size and length of the component

Additionally, per Clause 6.1.1, each part may also bear the ISI Certification Mark, indicating compliance with Indian Standards and quality control under ISI supervision.

Summary of Marking Requirements:

Marking InformationRequirement
Manufacturer's name/trademarkMandatory
Size and lengthMandatory
ISI Certification MarkOptional but recommended

This ensures traceability, quality assurance, and standard compliance for all sampling equipment components.

?How does IS 11594 ensure compatibility with open drive tube samplers?

IS 11594 ensures compatibility with open drive tube samplers primarily by standardizing the dimensions and material properties of thin-walled sampling tubes and sampler heads used for in-situ soil sampling.

Key points from IS 11594:

  • Scope (Clause 1.1): Covers requirements specifically for thin-walled tubes and sampler heads designed for open drive tube samplers.
  • Material: Specifies mild steel for tubes and heads, ensuring strength and durability.
  • Dimensions: Defines standard tube diameters, wall thickness, and sampler head shapes to fit open drive sampler rigs.
  • Interchangeability: Standardization allows tubes and heads from different manufacturers to be used interchangeably with open drive samplers.
  • Sampling Quality: Thin walls minimize soil disturbance, ensuring representative samples.

Summary Table (typical parameters):

ParameterTypical Range/Value
Tube Diameter38 mm to 100 mm (varies by soil)
Wall ThicknessThin, ~1.5 to 3 mm
MaterialMild steel, conforming to IS standards
Sampler Head DesignCompatible with open drive sampler rods
Loading diagram...

In essence, IS 11594 ensures that thin-walled tubes and sampler heads meet dimensional and material criteria to fit open drive samplers, enabling reliable and standardized soil sampling.

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