IS 11594:1985 specifies the requirements for mild steel thin-walled sampling tubes and sampler heads used for in-situ soil sampling with open drive tube samplers. It defines materials, dimensions, construction details, and marking requirements to ensure reliable, standardized equipment for geotechnical investigations. This standard is essential for engineers and manufacturers involved in soil testing and foundation engineering.
Overview
IS 11594:1985 specifies the requirements for mild steel thin-walled sampling tubes and sampler heads used for in-situ soil sampling with open drive tube samplers. It defines materials, dimensions, construction details, and marking requirements to ensure reliable, standardized equipment for geotechnical investigations. This standard is essential for engineers and manufacturers involved in soil testing and foundation engineering.
Audience
Contents
Structure
IS 11594: Scope - Key Specifications & Tables
| Quantity | Unit | Symbol | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length | metre | m | |
| Mass | kilogram | kg | |
| Time | second | s | |
| Force | newton | N | 1 N = 1 kg·m/s² |
| Pressure, Stress | pascal | Pa | 1 Pa = 1 N/m² |
| Energy | joule | J | 1 J = 1 N·m |
| Power | watt | W | 1 W = 1 J/s |
| Frequency | hertz | Hz | 1 Hz = 1 cycle/s |
| Size (mm) | 40 | 65 | 80 | 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thread size (T) | M45×3 | M75×3 | M85×3 | M110×3 |
| Outermost dia. of shoe (Dw) | 50 | 77 | 94 | 115 |
| Nominal dia. of tube (Ds) | 40 | 65 | 80 | 100 |
| Outer dia. of shoe (Dw) | 41 | 66 | 82 | 103 |
| Internal dia. of shoe (Dc) | 39 | 64 | 78 | 98 |
IS 11594 Key References Summary
| Quantity | Unit | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| Length | metre | m |
| Mass | kilogram | kg |
| Time | second | s |
| Electric current | ampere | A |
| Thermodynamic temperature | kelvin | K |
| Luminous intensity | candela | cd |
| Amount of substance | mole | mol |
Supplementary Units:
| Quantity | Unit | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| Plane angle | radian | rad |
| Solid angle | steradian | sr |
Derived Units:
| Quantity | Unit | Symbol | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Force | newton | N | 1 N = 1 kg·m/s² |
| Energy | joule | J | 1 J = 1 N·m |
| Power | watt | W | 1 W = 1 J/s |
| Magnetic flux | weber | Wb | 1 Wb = 1 V·s |
| Magnetic flux density | tesla | T | 1 T = 1 Wb/m² |
| Frequency | hertz | Hz | 1 Hz = 1 cycle/s |
| Electric conductance | siemens | S | 1 S = 1 A/V |
| Electromotive force | volt | V | 1 V = 1 W/A |
| Pressure, stress | pascal | Pa | 1 Pa = 1 N/m² |
IS 11594: Materials for Sampling Tubes
| Part | Material | Special Requirement | IS Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube | Mild steel | Smooth surface | IS: 1239 (Part 1) - 1979* |
| Cutting shoes | Mild steel case hardened | Hardness 45-50 HRC, smooth surface | IS: 4432 - 1967 |
| Sampling head | Mild steel | - | IS: 226 - 1975 |
* IS 1239 (Part 1) covers mild steel tubes, tubulars, and fittings.
| Size (mm) | Thread Size (T) | Outer Dia Shoes & Head (Dw) | Nominal Tube Dia (Ds) | Outer Dia Shoes (Dw) | Internal Dia Shoes (Dc) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | M45×3 | 50 | 40 | 41 | 39 |
| 65 | M75×3 | 77 | 65 | 66 | 64 |
| 80 | M85×3 | 94 | 80 | 82 | 78 |
| 100 | M110×3 | 115 | 100 | 103 | 98 |
graph LR
A[Sampling Head] --> B[Tubular Tube]
B --> C[Cutting Shoe]
C --> D[Soil Sample]
This concise summary covers the material types, specifications, hardness, and dimensional details essential for sampling tubes per IS 11594.
IS 11594: Dimensions and Tolerances Summary
| Size (Ds) | Thread Size (T) | Outer Dia Shoes & Head (Dw) | Outer Dia Shoes (Dw) | Internal Dia Shoes (Dc) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | M45×3 | 50 | 41 | 39 |
| 65 | M75×3 | 77 | 66 | 64 |
| 80 | M85×3 | 94 | 82 | 78 |
| 100 | M110×3 | 115 | 103 | 98 |
graph LR
A[Sampling Tube] --> B[Driving Head]
B --> C[Cutting Shoe]
C --> D[Steel Ball (Ø25)]
C --> E[Vent Holes (4)]
This ensures dimensional accuracy and interchangeability as per IS 11594.
| Part | Material | Special Requirement | IS Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube | Mild steel | Smooth surface | IS 1239 (Part 1) 1979 |
| Cutting shoes | Mild steel case hardened | Hardness 45-50 HRC, smooth | IS 4432 - 1967 |
| Sampling head | Mild steel | - | IS 226 - 1975 |
| Size (mm) | Thread size (T) | Outer dia shoes & head (Dw, mm) | Nominal tube dia (Ds, mm) | Outer dia shoes (Dw, mm) | Internal dia shoes (Dc, mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | M45×3 | 50 | 40 | 41 | 39 |
| 65 | M75×3 | 77 | 65 | 66 | 64 |
| 80 | M85×3 | 94 | 80 | 82 | 78 |
| 100 | M110×3 | 115 | 100 | 103 | 98 |
graph LR
A[Sampling Head] --> B[Cutting Shoe]
B --> C[Sampling Tube]
C --> D[Coupling with Threads]
This concise guide covers key construction
IS 11594 - Marking Specifications (Clause 6.1 & 6.1.1)
Marking Requirements on Each Equipment Part:
ISI Certification Mark:
| Marking Item | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Identification | Name or trademark |
| Component Size & Length | Must be clearly marked |
| ISI Certification Mark | Optional, if licensed |
flowchart TD
A[Equipment Part] --> B[Mark Manufacturer Name/Trademark]
A --> C[Mark Size & Length]
A --> D{ISI Certification Mark?}
D -->|Yes| E[Apply ISI Mark]
D -->|No| F[No ISI Mark]
For detailed licensing and marking guidelines, consult the Indian Standards Institution.
Key Points:
ISI Certification Mark (Clause 6.1.1):
Material Specifications (Clause 3.1, Table 1):
| Part | Material | Special Requirement | IS Standard Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube | Mild steel | Smooth surface | IS: 1239 (Part 1) - 1979 |
| Cutting shoes | Mild steel case hardened | 45-50 HRC, smooth surface | IS: 4432 - 1967 |
| Sampling head | Mild steel | IS: 226 - 1975 |
Rounding Off (Clause 0.4):
Marking and Traceability:
flowchart TD
A[Manufacture Equipment] --> B[Inspection & Testing]
B --> C{Comply with IS 11594?}
C -- Yes --> D[Apply ISI Certification Mark]
C -- No --> E[Rectify/Reject]
D --> F[Continuous ISI Surveillance]
F --> G[Maintain Quality Assurance]
Note: For detailed procedures on inspection, testing, and certification, refer to the Indian Standards Institution guidelines under the Certification Marks Act.
1. Definitions
2. Units and Symbols (SI Units)
| Quantity | Unit | Symbol | Definition/Relation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length | metre | m | |
| Mass | kilogram | kg | |
| Time | second | s | |
| Force | newton | N | 1 N = 1 kg·m/s² |
| Energy | joule | J | 1 J = 1 N·m |
| Power | watt | W | 1 W = 1 J/s |
| Pressure, stress | pascal | Pa | 1 Pa = 1 N/m² |
| Frequency | hertz | Hz | 1 Hz = 1 cycle/s |
3. Marking (Clause 6.1.1)
4. Sampling Tube Dimensions (Clause 5.1 & Fig.1)
| Size (mm) | 40 | 65 | 80 | 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thread size (T) | M45×3 | M75×3 | M85×3 | M110×3 |
| Outermost dia (Dw) | 50 | 77 | 94 | 115 |
| Nominal tube dia (Ds) | 40 | 65 | 80 | 100 |
| Outer dia shoes (Dw) | 41 | 66 | 82 | 103 |
| Internal dia shoes (Dc) | 39 | 64 | 78 | 98 |
flowchart TD
A[IS 11594 Definitions] --> B[Refer IS 2809:1972]
Frequently Asked
As per IS 11594 Clause 3.1 and Table 1, the materials specified for sampling tubes and sampler heads are:
Sampling Tube:
Cutting Shoes:
Sampling Head:
Summary Table:
| Part | Material | Special Requirement | IS Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tube | Mild steel | Smooth surface | IS 1239 (Part 1) 1979 |
| Cutting shoes | Mild steel, case hardened | 45-50 HRC, smooth surface | IS 4432 - 1967 |
| Sampling head | Mild steel | None | IS 226 - 1975 |
These materials ensure durability, proper hardness, and smooth finish for effective sampling.
According to IS 11594, the standard sizes and dimensional tolerances for mild steel thin-walled sampling tubes are:
Standard internal diameters:
Dimensional tolerance:
±0.5 mm on all dimensions
This ensures uniformity and interchangeability in sampling operations.
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This specification helps maintain accuracy in sampling and compatibility with sampler heads.
According to IS 11594:1985, Clause 3.1 and Table 1, the cutting shoes must be made of mild steel and case hardened to achieve a hardness of 45-50 HRC with a smooth surface finish.
| Parameter | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Material | Mild steel (case hardenable) |
| Hardness | 45-50 HRC |
| Surface finish | Smooth |
| IS Standard | IS: 4432 - 1967 |
This treatment ensures durability and effective soil sampling by providing wear resistance on the cutting edge while maintaining toughness in the core.
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According to IS 11594 Clause 6.1, each component of the sampling equipment must be clearly and indelibly marked with:
Additionally, per Clause 6.1.1, each part may also bear the ISI Certification Mark, indicating compliance with Indian Standards and quality control under ISI supervision.
| Marking Information | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer's name/trademark | Mandatory |
| Size and length | Mandatory |
| ISI Certification Mark | Optional but recommended |
This ensures traceability, quality assurance, and standard compliance for all sampling equipment components.
IS 11594 ensures compatibility with open drive tube samplers primarily by standardizing the dimensions and material properties of thin-walled sampling tubes and sampler heads used for in-situ soil sampling.
| Parameter | Typical Range/Value |
|---|---|
| Tube Diameter | 38 mm to 100 mm (varies by soil) |
| Wall Thickness | Thin, ~1.5 to 3 mm |
| Material | Mild steel, conforming to IS standards |
| Sampler Head Design | Compatible with open drive sampler rods |
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In essence, IS 11594 ensures that thin-walled tubes and sampler heads meet dimensional and material criteria to fit open drive samplers, enabling reliable and standardized soil sampling.
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