Specification for one part gun-grade polysulphide-based joint sealants, Part 2: Methods of test

IS 11433 Part 2 - 1986: Scope & Key Specifications

• Scope: Covers testing procedures and specifications for sealants used with stainless steel, aluminium plates, and strips in engineering applications.

• Key Test Procedure (Clause 6.7):

  • Cool specimens ≥ 2 hours under lab conditions.
  • Remove spacers; extend sealant by 100% (24 mm) at 5–6 mm/min.
  • Record force at 100% extension.
  • Hold extension for 24 h; check for adhesion/cohesion loss.

• Units (SI) Used:

  Quantity	Unit	Symbol
  Length	metre	m
  Force	newton	N
  Pressure/Stress	pascal	Pa
  Energy	joule	J
  Time	second	s

• Force Unit Definition:
  [ 1 \text{ N} = 1 \text{ kg} \cdot \text{m/s}^2 ]

• Rounding Off (Clause 0.5): Follow IS 2-1960 for rounding test results to match specified significant figures.

Summary Formula for Tensile Force Measurement

[ \text{Force at 100% extension} = F \quad \text{(recorded from tensile testing machine)} ]

Test rate: 5–6 mm/min over 24 mm extension.

flowchart LR
    A[Prepare Specimen] --> B[Cool 2+ hours]
    B --> C[Remove Spacers]
    C --> D[Extend Sealant 24 mm @ 5-6 mm/min]
    D --> E[Record Force F]
    E --> F[Hold Extension 24 h]
    F --> G[Check Adhesion/Cohesion]

This standard ensures consistent evaluation of sealant performance under controlled extension and holding conditions.

IS 11433 Part 2 outlines apparatus and accessory materials essential for testing and evaluation of structural elements. While the clauses (6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1) broadly list required materials, here is a concise summary of typical key items and specifications based on standard practice:

Key Apparatus and Materials:

• Load Application Devices: Hydraulic jacks, proving rings, or load cells with calibrated capacity.
• Measuring Instruments: Dial gauges (accuracy ±0.01 mm), strain gauges, displacement transducers.
• Support and Reaction Frames: Rigid steel frames to provide stable reaction points.
• Accessories: Steel plates, bolts, nuts, washers, and shims for proper load transfer.
• Safety Equipment: Protective shields, load arresters.

Typical Specifications:

Important Notes:

• All apparatus must be calibrated and traceable to national standards.
• Accessories should ensure uniform load distribution and prevent local failure.
• Apparatus selection depends on test type and specimen size.

flowchart LR
    A[Load Application Device] --> B[Specimen]
    B --> C[Measuring Instruments]
    B --> D[Support Frame]
    A --> D
    D --> E[Reaction Frame]

This ensures accurate load application, measurement, and support during structural testing per IS 11433 Part 2.

IS 11433 Part 2: Preparation of Test Assemblies

Key Specifications:

• Number of assemblies:
  • 3 assemblies (Clause 3.3 & 6.5) or 6 assemblies (Clause 9.2 & 6.2) depending on test type.
• Spacer bars:
  • Size: 19 mm × 12 mm × 50 mm (Clause 6.5)
  • Material: Softwood, wrapped with siliconized release paper or coated with non-migratory release agent (e.g., talc).
• Cavity dimensions:
  • 12 mm × 12 mm × 50 mm cavity formed between test plates.
• Test plates:
  • Approximately 50 mm × 50 mm × 6 mm (glass, aluminium, stainless steel, or cement mortar depending on test).
• Cavity filling:
  • Filled carefully with sealant using spatula or extrusion gun, avoiding voids and bubbles.
  • Excess sealant to be tooled off flush.

Assembly Procedure Summary:

1. Wrap spacer bars with release agent.
2. Sandwich spacer bars between two test plates.
3. Seal one end of cavity with masking tape.
4. Fill cavity with sealant, tool flush.
5. Prepare 3 or 6 assemblies depending on substrate combinations.

flowchart LR
    A[Test Plates (50x50x6 mm)] --> B[Spacer Bars (19x12x50 mm)]
    B --> C[Cavity (12x12x50 mm)]
    C --> D[Seal One End with Tape]
    D --> E[Fill Cavity with Sealant]
    E --> F[Tool Off Excess Flush]

This ensures consistent cavity size and sealant thickness for adhesion/cohesion testing.

Test for Mass Loss After Heat Ageing (IS 11433 Part 2 - Clause 4.2)

Specimen Preparation:

• Condition sealant at 25 ± 2℃ for ≥4 h.
• Clean & weigh aluminium plate + frame.
• Fill frame on plate with sealant, strike flat, weigh assembly → Initial mass ( W_o ).

Curing & Ageing:

• Cure specimens for 21 days (per Clause 3.4).
• Heat age in oven at 70 ± 2℃ for 14 days.
• Condition at 25 ± 2℃, ≤55% RH for 2 hours.
• Reweigh assembly → Final mass ( W_f ).

Mass Loss Calculation: [ \text{Percent Mass Loss} = \frac{W_o - W_f}{W_o} \times 100 ]

• Report average mass loss of two specimens.
• Examine for bubbles, cracking, chalking.

Summary Table:

Notes:

• Use precise weighing (±0.001 g).
• Aluminium plate + frame mass must be deducted for accurate sealant mass.
• Visual inspection for physical changes is mandatory.

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Specimens] --> B[Weigh Initial Mass (Wo)]
    B --> C[Cure 21 days]
    C --> D[Heat Age 14 days at 70℃]
    D --> E[Condition 2 hrs at 25℃, ≤55% RH]
    E --> F[Weigh Final Mass (Wf)]
    F --> G[Calculate Mass Loss %]
    G --> H[Report & Inspect Specimens]

This procedure ensures durability assessment of sealants under heat ageing per IS 11433 Part 2.

IS 11433 Part 2: Test for Staining - Key Points & Formulas

Test Procedure (Clause 5.3)

• Specimen Preparation:

  • Half the mortar block's upper surface and the central hole's inner surface are coated with primer (if recommended).
  • Fill the central hole with sealant, then spread the remainder evenly over the top surface to 6–10 mm thickness.

• Conditioning:

  • Store at 25 ± 2℃, 50 ± 5% RH for 24 hours.
  • Inspect for staining.

• Water Immersion Cycle:

  • Immerse specimen in 400 ml distilled water at room temperature for 1 minute.
  • Return to conditioning chamber.
  • Repeat immersion and conditioning 13 times over 21 days (min 24 h interval).

• Evaluation:

  • Staining is noted on the uncoated smooth undersurface around the interface.
  • Report presence/absence of staining and whether on primed or unprimed surface.

Weight Loss Calculation (Clause 4.2d)

[ \text{Percent mass loss} = \frac{W_o - W_f}{W_o} \times 100 ]

• (W_o) = Initial sealant mass
• (W_f) = Final sealant mass after curing and conditioning

Summary Table for Test Conditions

Conceptual Flowchart

flowchart TD
  A[Prepare mortar block] --> B[Apply primer (half surface)]
  B --> C[Fill hole with sealant, spread 6-10 mm]
  C --> D[Condition 24h @ 25±2℃, 50±5% RH]
  D --> E{Inspect for staining}
  E --> F[Immerse in 400 ml

IS 11433 Part 2: Test for Cyclic Adhesion - Key Points

Test Setup (Clause 6.1.1 & Fig. 2)

• Use the cyclic adhesion test device as per Fig. 2 (typical assembly holding device).
• The enclosure temperature must be maintained at -15 ± 2℃ (Clause 6.1.5).
• Specimens are held in an extended position during testing.

Measurement & Evaluation (Clause 1.0)

• Examine specimens for loss of adhesion or cohesion.
• Measure crack depth with a 0.025 mm feeler gauge, 2 mm wide, graduated in 1 mm units.
• Calculate the total area of failure (length × depth) in mm².
• Report the failure area for each specimen.

Test Procedure Summary (from related adhesion tests)

• Primer application on half the test surface if recommended.
• Sealant thickness: 6 mm to 10 mm.
• Conditioning: 24 h at 25 ± 2℃, 50 ± 5% RH.
• Cyclic immersion in water (1 min in 400 ml distilled water) repeated 13 times over 21 days.
• Inspect for staining or discoloration as an indicator of adhesion failure.

Summary Table for Cyclic Adhesion Test Conditions

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Specimen] --> B[Apply Primer (if recommended)]
    B --> C[Apply Sealant (6-10 mm thick)]
    C --> D[Condition 24h at 25℃, 50% RH]
    D --> E[Cyclic Water Immersion (1 min)]
    E --> F[Return to Conditioning Chamber]
    F --> G{Repeat 13 times over 21 days}
    G --> H[Inspect for Adhesion Loss & St

IS 11433 Part 2: Test for Adhesion in Peel - Key Specifications & Procedure

Specimen Preparation:

• Sealant spread at ≥ 2 mm thickness on a 125 mm × 75 mm plate surface.
• Backing material impregnated with sealant (1.5 mm thickness between backing and test surface).
• Cure 7 days at specified conditions + 4 h drying at 25 ± 2°C.
• Apply ≤ 1 mm fresh compound on backing, cure additional 14 days.
• Cut sealant and backing to leave two 25 mm wide strips separated by ~10 mm.
• Immerse specimens in distilled/de-ionized water for 7 days at 25 ± 2°C.

Test Procedure:

• Peel backing at 180° angle.
• Peel rate: 50 ± 5 mm/min.
• Record average peel strength over 1 minute after steady state.
• Report mean peel strength and area of adhesion failure (length × depth in mm²).
• If backing separates from sealant, discard and repeat test.

Key Formula for Area of Adhesion Failure

[ \text{Area of failure} = \text{Length of failure} \times \text{Depth of failure} \quad (\text{mm}^2) ]

Depth measured using a 0.025 mm feeler gauge (2 mm wide, graduated in 1 mm units).

Summary Table of Conditions

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Plate & Spread Sealant (≥2mm)] --> B[Impregnate Backing Material]
    B --> C[Cure 7 days + 4h drying]
    C --> D[Apply Fresh Compound (≤1mm)]
    D --> E[Cure 14 days]
    E --> F

IS 11433 Part 2 — Test for Adhesion After Heat Ageing

Key Specifications & Procedure (Clause 9):

• Specimen Preparation:

  • Sealant thickness: minimum 2 mm over 125 mm x 75 mm area.
  • Backing material impregnated with sealant, rolled to achieve 1.5 mm thickness between backing and test surface.
  • Cure for 7 days at standard conditions, dry 4h at 25 ± 2°C.
  • Apply ≤1 mm fresh compound on backing material, cure additional 14 days.

• Test Procedure:

  • Cut two 25 mm wide strips of sealant + backing on panel, separated by ~10 mm gap.
  • Immerse specimens in distilled/de-ionized water for 7 days at 25 ± 2°C.
  • After drying, peel backing material at 180° angle in tensile testing machine.
  • Peel rate: 50 ± 5 mm/min.
  • Record average peel strength over 1 minute after steady state.

• Reporting:

  • Mean peel strength (force/unit width).
  • Area of adhesion failure.
  • Disregard results if backing separates from sealant.

Peel Strength Calculation

[ \text{Peel Strength} = \frac{\text{Average Force (N)}}{\text{Width of strip (m)}} ]

Diagram (Fig. 3 - Adhesion in Peel Test)

flowchart LR
    A[Test Surface] --> B[Sealant (1.5 mm thick)]
    B --> C[Backing Material]
    C --> D[Peeling Force Applied at 180°]

Important Notes:

• Temperature during sunlamp exposure ≤ 50°C.
• Use distilled or de-ionized water for immersion.
• Peel test angle and rate are critical for valid results.
• Conditioning and curing times ensure reproducibility.

This test evaluates the durability of sealant adhesion after heat ageing and water immersion, simulating long-term environmental exposure.

IS 11433 Part 2: Preparation & Conditioning of Test Surfaces

1. Test Surface Materials (Clause 6.1.6, 7.1.2, 9.1.5)

• Plate glass: Clean, nominal thickness 6 mm.
• Stainless steel: As per IS 6911-1972.
• Untreated aluminium alloy 64430 WP: As per IS 736-1974.
• Portland cement mortar blocks: 12 mm thick minimum.

2. Cement Mortar Preparation (Clause 6.1.6.d)

• Mix ratio:
  • 1 part OPC (IS 269-1976)
  • 3 parts standard sand (IS 650-1966)
  • Water-cement ratio: 0.35 to 0.40
• Sand gradation:
  • 100% passes 850 µm sieve (IS 460 Part 1)
  • 0-10% passes 600 µm sieve
• Procedure:
  1. Mix dry ingredients, add water.
  2. Compact in rigid mould in 4 layers on vibrating table.
  3. Cure 24h at ≥90% RH in mould.
  4. Demould, cure 28 days in water (~400 ml/block).
  5. Dry at 110°C for 12h.
  6. Store 28 days at 25±2°C, 65% RH before use.

3. Test Specimen Dimensions (Clause 7.1.2)

• Aluminium & stainless steel: ~125 mm × 75 mm
• Mortar blocks: ~125 mm × 75 mm × 25 mm

4. Test Surface Masking (Clause 7.4)

• Apply 25 mm paper masking tape along lower edge, exposing 100 mm × 75 mm area for testing.

Summary Table

IS 11433 Part 2 (1986) — Measurement and Reporting Procedures Key Points

Testing Procedure (Clause 6.7)

• Specimen Cooling: Cool specimens ≥ 2 hours under lab conditions.
• Extension: Remove spacers, extend sealant by 100% (24 mm) at 5–6 mm/min.
• Force Measurement: Record force required for 100% extension.
• Holding Period: Hold at 100% extension for 24 hours.
• Inspection: Check for loss of adhesion or cohesion after holding.

Units and Symbols (SI Units)

• 1 N = 1 kg·m/s²
• 1 Pa = 1 N/m²

Reporting

• Round off final test values per IS 2-1960.
• Keep significant figures consistent with specified values.

Summary Table: Tensile Test Parameters

flowchart TD
    A[Specimen Preparation] --> B[Cool ≥ 2 hours]
    B --> C[Remove spacers]
    C --> D[Extend sealant 100% (24 mm) at 5-6 mm/min]
    D --> E[Record force]
    E --> F[Hold at 100% extension for 24 hours]
    F --> G[Examine adhesion/cohesion loss]

This procedure ensures consistent tensile testing and reporting of sealant performance per IS 11433 Part 2.