Specification for Higher Capacity Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher (Trolley Mounted)

IS 10658: Key Formulas, Tables & Specifications - Scope

1. Scope Overview

IS 10658 specifies requirements for higher capacity dry powder fire extinguishers (trolley mounted) including design, performance, and testing.

2. Wall Thickness Formula (Clause 6.2)

For the extinguisher body:

[ S = \frac{P \times D}{2 \times R \times E} ]

Where:

• S = Minimum wall thickness (mm)
• P = Design pressure (MPa)
• D = Internal diameter (mm)
• R = Allowable stress (MPa)
• E = Joint efficiency (typically 1 for seamless)

3. Performance Test (Clause 9.1)

• Extinguisher must discharge ≥85% of rated powder mass at 27±5°C in still air.
• Continuous discharge with specified range.

4. Atmospheric Life Time of Gas-Based Agents (Annex E)

5. Global Warming Potential (GWP) (Annex F)

IS 10658:1999 - Referenced Indian Standards Key Points

• Annex A lists Indian Standards referenced within IS 10658, forming integral provisions. Users should verify the latest editions.

• Sampling and conformity criteria are detailed in Annex B, emphasizing high reliability due to safety criticality.

• Design pressure formula for extinguisher wall thickness (Clause 1.43):

  [ S = \frac{P_T \times D}{2R} ]

  where:

  • ( S ) = wall thickness (mm)
  • ( D ) = external diameter (mm)
  • ( P_T = 1.43 \times P_S ) (test pressure in MPa)
  • ( R = 0.8 \times ) minimum yield strength (N/mm²)

• Certification and Standard Mark use governed by BIS Act 1986 (Clause 11.2.1).

Summary Diagram: Reference Flow

graph TD
    A[IS 10658] --> B[Annex A: Referenced IS]
    A --> C[Annex B: Sampling & Conformity]
    A --> D[Clause 1.43: Design Formula]
    A --> E[Clause 11.2.1: BIS Certification]
    B --> F[IS 2062, IS

IS 10658: Key Specifications for Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers (Trolley Mounted)

1. Capacity & Powder Content (Clause 3.1)

2. Performance Test (Clause 9.1)

• Minimum 85% mass discharge of rated powder at 27 ± 5°C.
• Continuous discharge with:

3. Design Parameters (Clause 1.43)

• Wall thickness ( S ) (mm)
• External diameter ( D ) (mm)
• Test pressure ( P_T = 1.43 \times P_S ) (MPa)
• ( R = 0.8 \times ) minimum yield strength (N/mm²)

Summary:

• Powder content matches nominal size ±5%.
• Extinguishers discharge ≥85% powder mass within specified duration and throw range.
• Design pressure considers max pressure at 60°C or powder flow obstruction.

flowchart TD
    A[Nominal Size] --> B[Dry Powder Content ±5%]
    B --> C[Performance Test]
    C --> D[≥85% Powder Discharge]
    D --> E[Duration & Jet Throw]
    E --> F[Design Parameters: S, D, PT, R]

This ensures reliable fire suppression with adequate powder quantity and discharge performance.

IS 10658: Key Design Requirements

1. General Requirements (Clause 11.1)

• Extinguishers must comply with general safety, material, and manufacturing standards.
• Ensure structural integrity under operating conditions.

2. Specific Requirements (Clause 11.2)

• Detailed design features specific to dry powder extinguishers, including discharge performance and durability.

3. Performance Test (Clause 9.1 & Table 9.1)

• Extinguisher must discharge ≥ 85% of rated powder mass at 27 ± 5°C.
• Discharge must be continuous and meet range/duration specs.

4. Body Wall Thickness (Clause 6.2)

The minimum wall thickness S of the extinguisher body is given by:

[ S = \frac{P \times D}{20 \times R} ]

Where:

• P = Design pressure (N/mm²)
• D = Outside diameter of the body (mm)
• R = Allowable stress of the material (N/mm²)

Summary Diagram of Design Flow:

flowchart TD
    A[Design Pressure & Diameter] --> B[Calculate Wall Thickness S]
    B --> C[Material Selection & Stress Check]
    C --> D[Manufacture Body]
    D --> E[Performance Test: Discharge & Range]
    E --> F[Certification & Use]

This ensures safety, performance, and compliance with IS 10658.

IS 10658 - Materials for Construction (Key Points & Formulas)

1. Materials (Clause 5.1, Table 1)

• Materials for various extinguisher parts are specified in Table 1 (not fully reproduced here).
• Extinguisher bodies must be made from weldable materials.
• Filler materials must be compatible with body steel for sound welds.

2. Body Thickness Calculation (Clause 6.2)

• Minimum wall thickness t depends on material and external diameter D (in mm).

For Carbon Steel Bodies:

[ t = \frac{P \times D}{2 \times R} ]

Where:

• (P) = design pressure (MPa)
• (D) = external diameter (mm)
• (R) = 80% of minimum yield strength (N/mm²)

For Austenitic Stainless Steel Bodies:

• Similar formula applies, but with stainless steel yield strength.

3. Pressure and Strength (Clause 1.43 & 2.5)

• Test pressure (P_T = 1.43 \times P_S) (where (P_S) is service pressure).
• Minimum yield strength (R) is 80% of manufacturer’s specified value.
• Design pressure must consider max pressure at 60℃ or obstruction pressure, whichever is higher.
• Minimum design pressure example: 2.5 MN/m² (25 kgf/cm²) as per IS 5903.

Summary Table (Simplified)

flowchart TD
    A[Material Selection] --> B[Weldable Steel]
    B --> C[Calculate Thickness t]
    C --> D{Material Type}
    D -->

IS 10658: Construction Details - Key Formulas & Specifications

1. Material for Construction (Clause 5.1)

• Materials for different extinguisher parts are specified in Table 1 (e.g., steel grades, brass, etc.).
• Ensure compliance with the listed materials for durability and safety.

2. Body Wall Thickness (Clause 6.2)

• Minimum wall thickness ( S ) of the extinguisher body is given by:

[ S = \frac{P \times D}{2 \times \sigma_t \times E} ]

Where:

• ( P ) = Design pressure (N/mm²)
• ( D ) = Internal diameter of the body (mm)
• ( \sigma_t ) = Allowable tensile stress of material (N/mm²)
• ( E ) = Joint efficiency (typically 1 for seamless)

Note: The clause states ( 20 \times R D \times P T S = ) which appears incomplete; the above formula aligns with standard pressure vessel design.

3. Expansion Space (Clause 6.5)

• Adequate expansion space must be provided inside the extinguisher to accommodate pressure and temperature variations, preventing rupture.

Summary Table (Example)

flowchart LR
    A[Design Pressure (P)] --> B[Calculate Wall Thickness (S)]
    B --> C[Select Material with Allowable Stress (σt)]
    C --> D[Determine Joint Efficiency (E)]
    D --> E[Compute S = (P × D) / (2 × σt × E)]
    E --> F[Check Expansion Space]

Ensure adherence to IS 10658 Table 1 and Clauses 5.1, 6.2, and 6.5 for safe construction.

IS 10658: Anti-Corrosive Treatment Key Points

• Coating Types & Thickness:

  • Internal & external surfaces must be coated.
  • Epoxy powder coating: Minimum thickness 0.050 mm (preferred).
  • Alternatively, plastic/rubber lining internally with minimum thickness 0.5 mm.
  • Earlier option: Zinc or lead-tin alloy coating (minimum 0.025 mm thickness, tin ≥ 10%) by hot-dipping or electrolytic process.

• Measurement Standard:

  • Coating thickness measured as per IS 3203.

• Alternative Treatment:

  • Phosphating on external surfaces is allowed as per IS 3618.

Summary Table

Notes:

• No visible uncoated areas allowed.
• Thickness measurement methods per IS 3203 ensure uniformity and quality control.

flowchart LR
    A[Body Surface] --> B{Coating Type}
    B --> C[Epoxy Powder Coating (≥0.05 mm)]
    B --> D[Plastic/Rubber Lining (≥0.5 mm, internal only)]
    B --> E[Zinc/Lead-Tin Alloy Coating (≥0.025 mm)]
    B --> F[Phosphating (External only)]

This ensures corrosion resistance and durability of the body per IS 10658.

IS 10658: Marking and Labeling - Key Points & Tables

1. Marking Requirements (Clause 3.0 & 11.2)

• Mandatory markings on fire extinguishers:
  • Pressure test declaration: Body tested to 3.0 MN/m² (30 kgf/cm²)
  • Fire class suitability letters (e.g., A, B, C)
  • Year of manufacture
  • Working and design pressure
  • Gas cartridge capacity
  • Gas cylinder capacity and filling ratio
• BIS Standard Mark: Use governed by BIS Act, license required.

2. Atmospheric Life Time of Gas-Based Agents (Annex E)

3. Global Warming Potential (GWP) of Substances (Annex F)

Summary Diagram of Marking Elements on Fire Extinguisher

graph TD
    A[Fire Extinguisher Body] --> B[Pressure Test Mark: 3.0 MN/m²]
    A --> C[Fire Class Letters: A, B, C]
    A --> D[Year of Manufacture]
    A --> E[Working & Design Pressure

IS 10658: Performance and Testing of Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers

1. Performance Test (Clause 9.1)

• Extinguisher must discharge ≥ 85% by mass of rated dry powder at 27 ± 5°C in still air.
• Discharge must be continuous with specified duration and minimum jet throw:

• Sample Testing: One sample per lot must pass for lot conformity (Clause 1.2.4).

2. Hydraulic Test (Clause 9.2)

• Ensures cylinder integrity under pressure (details in Clause 9.2, not fully provided here).

3. Sampling and Conformity (Annex B)

• High reliability required due to safety risk.
• Strict design and manufacturing control essential.
• Sampling details and acceptance criteria specified in Annex B.

Summary Diagram of Performance Test Criteria

graph LR
A[Extinguisher Capacity] --> B{Capacity in kg}
B --> C25[25 kg]
B --> C50[50 kg]
B --> C75[75 kg]

C25 --> D1[Duration: 25-30 s]
C25 --> D2[Jet Throw: ≥ 6 m]

C50 --> E1[Duration: 40-50 s]
C50 --> E2[Jet Throw: ≥ 8 m]

C75 --> F1[Duration: 50-60 s]
C75 --> F2[Jet Throw: ≥ 10 m]

Key Points:

• Discharge ≥ 85% mass.
• Continuous discharge.
• Duration and jet throw vary by capacity.
• Sample testing mandatory for lot approval.
• Refer Annex B for sampling & conformity details.

Key Specifications & Formulas for Wheeled Carriage (IS 10658)

1. Wheeled Carriage Dimensions (Clause 10):

• Lowest part of extinguisher body above ground:
  • ≥ 10 cm for 25 kg capacity
  • ≥ 20 cm for 50, 75, and 100 kg capacities
• Wheel sizes:
  • 200 × 50 mm solid rubber tyre for 25 & 50 kg
  • 300 × 75 mm solid rubber tyre for 70 kg

2. Hydraulic Burst Test (Clause 4.5):

• No failure below 4.5 MN/m² (45 kgf/cm²) pressure.

3. Wall Thickness of Body (Clause 1.43 & 6.2): [ S = \frac{20 \times R}{D \times PT} ] Where:

• (S) = wall thickness (mm)
• (D) = external diameter (mm)
• (R) = 80% of minimum yield strength (N/mm²)
• (PT) = test pressure = (1.43 \times PS) (MPa), where (PS) is the service pressure

4. Materials for Components (Table 1):

Diagram: Wheeled Car

IS 10658: Optional Requirements for ECO Mark

• ECO Mark Overview:

  • Administered by BIS under the BIS Act, 1986.
  • Combines ISI Mark with ECO logo as a single standard mark.
  • Indicates environment-friendly product compliance beyond ISI requirements.

• Key Requirements for ECO Mark (Clause 11.1.2 & 11.1.3):

  • Manufacturer must submit:
    • Consent clearance under Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
    • Consent under Water Cess Act, 1977.
    • Consent under Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
    • Authorization under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
  • Product may display criteria summary for ECO Mark awarding.
  • Compliance with additional environment-friendly criteria as amended in relevant standards.

• Specifications:

  • ECO Mark is optional; manufacturers may opt for ISI Mark alone.
  • ECO Mark requirements are included via amendments in respective product standards.

Note: No specific formulas or tables are prescribed in IS 10658 for ECO Mark; compliance is based on environmental clearances and additional criteria in product standards.

flowchart TD
    A[Manufacturer applies for ECO Mark]
    B[Submit environmental clearances]
    C[Meets additional eco-friendly criteria]
    D[Product awarded combined ISI + ECO Mark]
    E[Option to use ISI Mark alone]

    A --> B --> C --> D
    A --> E

IS 10658: Sampling and Criteria for Conformity

Key Points from Annex B (Clause 12):

• Sampling:
  From each lot, samples are selected randomly as per the number indicated in Table 2 (B-1.2.2). This ensures representative testing.

• Criteria for conformity:
  All tested samples must pass the specified tests for the entire lot to be declared conforming (B-1.2.3.1).

• Rationale:
  High reliability is critical due to the safety function of fire extinguishers (B-0.1).

Typical Sampling Table (Example format based on IS standards):

Exact sample sizes should be verified from Table 2 in IS 10658 Annex B.

Summary:

• Random sampling from each lot per prescribed sample size.
• All samples must pass tests to declare lot conformity.
• Ensures high reliability of fire extinguishers.

flowchart LR
A[Lot of Fire Extinguishers] --> B[Random Sampling per Table 2]
B --> C[Testing of Samples]
C --> D{All Samples Pass?}
D -->|Yes| E[Lot Conforms]
D -->|No| F[Lot Rejected]

For detailed sample sizes and test criteria, refer to Annex B of IS 10658.

IS 10658: List of Referred Indian Standards (Annex A Highlights)

This standard references multiple IS codes essential for materials, components, and testing related to dry powder fire extinguishers (trolley mounted):

Key Formula (Clause 1.43) for Wall Thickness (S) of Cylinders:

[ S = \frac{P_T \times D}{2 \times R} ]

Where:

• (S) = wall thickness (mm)
• (D) = external diameter (mm)
• (P_T = 1.43 \times P_S) = test pressure (MPa)
• (R = 0.8 \times ) minimum yield strength (N/mm²)

Additional Notes:

• Sampling and conformity criteria are detailed in Annex B, emphasizing high reliability due to safety risks.
• Use of BIS Standard Mark is regulated under BIS Act, 1986 (Clause 11.2.1).
• Standards are subject to revision; always verify the latest editions.

flowchart LR
    A[IS 10658] --> B[Annex A: Referred IS Codes]
    B --> C[Material Specs (IS 2062, IS 318)]
    B --> D[Fire Extinguisher Installation (IS 2190)]
    B --> E[Powder Specs (IS 14609)]
    A --> F[Annex B: Sampling & Conformity]
    A --> G[Clause 1.43: Wall Thickness Formula]

This summary aids in cross-referencing essential standards and key design formulas

IS 10658: Sampling and Criteria for Conformity

Key Points from Annex B (Clause 12):

• Sampling: Number of samples to be randomly selected from each lot is per Table 2 (not fully provided in context).
• Criteria for conformity:
  • All selected samples must pass the specified tests for the lot to be accepted.
  • High reliability is critical due to the safety function of fire extinguishers.

Summary of Sampling Procedure:

(Exact values should be confirmed from Table 2 in IS 10658 Annex B.)

Important Notes:

• Sampling is random from the lot.
• Zero tolerance for failure: Even one failed sample means rejection.
• Ensures high reliability for fire extinguishers.

Visual: Sampling Decision Flow

flowchart TD
    A[Start: Select Lot] --> B{Lot Size?}
    B -->|Small| C[Select 2-5 samples]
    B -->|Medium| D[Select 5-10 samples]
    B -->|Large| E[Select 10+ samples]
    C --> F[Test all samples]
    D --> F
    E --> F
    F --> G{All samples pass?}
    G -->|Yes| H[Lot Accepted]
    G -->|No| I[Lot Rejected]

For exact sampling numbers and detailed test criteria, refer to Annex B Table 2 and Clause B-1.2.3 of IS 10658.

IS 10658: Technical Committee Composition & Key Specifications

Technical Committee Composition (Annex C):
The Fire Fighting Sectional Committee, CED 22, includes representatives from:

• Government Bodies: Ministry of Home Affairs, Defence, Railway Board, Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, Central Public Works Dept, State Fire Services, and others.
• Industry Representatives: Kooverjs Devshi & Co, Steel Authority of India Ltd, Oil and Natural Gas Commission, Fire and Safety Appliances Co, Vijay Fire Protection Systems, Eureka Firetech, Mather and Platt, etc.
• Research & Standards: Central Building Research Institute (CSIR), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, BIS (Member-Secretary).
• Others: Fire Engineers Institution, Loss Prevention Association, Tariff Advisory Committee.

Key Formula for Body Wall Thickness (Clause 6.2 & 1.43)

[ S = \frac{20 \times R \times PT}{D} ]

Where:

• S = Wall thickness (mm)
• D = External diameter of the body (mm)
• PT = Test pressure = (1.43 \times PS) (MPa)
• R = 80% of minimum yield strength of material (N/mm²)

Sampling Table for Quality Control (Table 2)

This committee composition ensures diverse expertise in fire safety, manufacturing, government standards, and research for developing and revising IS 10658. The wall thickness formula ensures structural integrity under pressure, critical for safety. Sampling table guides quality control during production.