Method of Test for Materials for Use in the Preparation of Magnesium Oxychloride Flooring Compositions

IS 10132 - Scope & Key Specifications

Scope (Clause 1.1)

• Defines testing and evaluation methods for magnesite-based materials.
• Covers properties like carbon dioxide content, fineness, setting time, modulus of rupture, linear change, bulk density, resin & moisture content, hardness, and compressive strength.

Key Test Parameters & Clause References

Important Units (SI Units)

Example: Determination of Consistency (Clause 3.2)

• Test block placed under plunger.
• Plunger lowered gently and released to sink into block.
• Trial mixes with varying solution % to find normal consistency.
• Solution % expressed by weight of dry calcined magnesite.

Formula: Force Unit Definition

[ 1, \text{N} = 1, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s}^2 ]

This summary provides the scope, key test clauses, units, and example test method as per IS 10132. For detailed formulas and test procedures, refer to respective clauses.

IS 10132: Apparatus and Materials Key Points

Apparatus (Clause 2.2 & 7.2.1)

• Consistency Test Setup (Fig.1):
  • Test block in mould on plate.
  • Rod with plunger gently lowered and released to sink into test block.
• Flow Test Setup (Fig.3):
  • Funnel (F) with 3.35 mm IS Sieve (S).
  • Cylindrical measure (M):
    • Capacity: 1 litre
    • Internal diameter: 100 mm
    • Internal height: 127 mm
  • Wooden spatula.

Method for Determining Consistency (Clause 3.2)

• Vary solution % in trial mixes.
• Record solution amount as % by weight of dry calcined magnesite.
• Normal consistency = solution % where plunger sinks as specified.

SI Units & Definitions (Selected)

Summary Diagram: Consistency Test Setup

flowchart TB
    A[Test Block in Mould] --> B[Plate]
    B --> C[Rod with Plunger]
    C --> D[Lower gently and release]
    D --> E[Plunger sinks into block]

This setup and procedure ensure reproducible consistency measurement of magnesite mixes per IS 10132.

IS 10132: Sampling and Sample Preparation Key Points

Sampling (Clause 2.4)

• Take a suitable quantity of fresh sample for testing.

Sample Preparation Procedure (Clause 3.4)

1. Sieving Setup:
   • Use a 150 µm IS sieve, 75 mm effective diameter.
   • Weigh and place the sample in the sieve.
2. Sieving in Methylated Spirit:
   • Pour methylated spirit (dried over fresh plaster of Paris) until sieve is covered.
   • Move sieve gently up/down for 5 minutes, tapping sides and stirring with a soft brush.
   • Wash with methylated spirit until washings are clear.
3. Drying & Weighing:
   • Dry sieve + contents at 105 ± 2°C for 1 hour.
   • Weigh after drying.
4. Repeat with 75 µm IS sieve:
   • Transfer liquid passing 150 µm sieve to 75 µm IS sieve.
   • Repeat sieving for 15 minutes.
   • Dry and weigh as before.

Note: Mechanical sieving allowed if particle breakage is avoided.

Carbon Dioxide Content Determination (Clause 2.5.1)

• Weigh ~2.5 g sample.
• Add 20-40 ml distilled water in flask D.
• Pass air until CO₂ absorption tubes stabilize.
• Add 40 ml HCl (1:4), heat to release gases through sulfuric acid bubbler.
• Boil for 2-3 minutes, then pass air for 20 minutes.
• Weigh absorption tubes after 30 min at room temperature.
• Weight increase = CO₂ content.

Summary Table: Sieving Parameters

flowchart TD
    A[Sample Collection] --> B[We

IS 10132: Determination of Carbon Dioxide Content

Key Procedure (Clause 2.5.1)

• Weigh 2.5 g sample; add 20-40 ml distilled water in flask D.
• Insert stopper with funnel & condenser; pass air until absorption tubes stabilize in weight.
• Close stopcock S; replace tubes with pre-weighed CO₂ absorption tubes (71 and 7).
• Add 40 ml hydrochloric acid (1:4) via funnel C; heat flask to release CO₂ gas.
• Pass gases through sulfuric acid bubbler at moderate rate for 30-40 min, then boil for 2-3 min.
• Remove heat; connect to scrubbers A and B; pass air for 20 min.
• Cool absorption tubes for 30 min; weigh again.
• Weight gain = CO₂ content in sample.

Reporting (Clause 2.6)

• Report CO₂ content as % of the sample weight.

Formula for CO₂ %:

[ \text{CO}_2 % = \frac{\text{Increase in weight of absorption tubes (g)}}{\text{Weight of sample (g)}} \times 100 ]

Summary Table:

flowchart LR
    A[Sample + Water in Flask D] --> B[Seal with Stopper & Condenser]
    B --> C[Pass Air until Absorption Tubes Stable]
    C --> D[Add HCl (1:4) via Funnel]
    D --> E[Heat to Release CO₂ Gas]
    E --> F[Gas passes through Sulfuric Acid Bubbler]
    F --> G[Boil 2-3 min]
    G --> H[Pass Air through

Modulus of Rupture (IS 10132)

The modulus of rupture (R) measures the flexural strength of calcined magnesite paste.

Key Formula (Clause 5.4.1):

[ R = \frac{W \times l}{b \times d^2} ]

Where:

• R = Modulus of rupture (kg/cm²)
• W = Breaking load (kg)
• l = Span length between supports (cm)
• b = Width of the beam (cm)
• d = Depth (thickness) of the beam (cm)

Test Procedure Highlights:

• Test 6 beams at 7 days (168 ± 2 h) and 28 days (672 ± 4 h) after mixing with magnesium chloride (Clause 5.3.2).
• Use needle F in Vicat apparatus to determine final setting time (Clause 4.5.1).

Typical Beam Dimensions (as per standard practice):

• Width (b): 2.5 cm
• Depth (d): 2.5 cm
• Span (l): 28 cm (commonly used)

Summary Table for Modulus of Rupture Calculation

flowchart LR
    A[Prepare 6 beams] --> B[Gauge with MgCl2 solution]
    B --> C[Cast beams of size b x d x l]
    C --> D[Test at 7 days & 28 days]
    D --> E[Apply load W until failure]
    E --> F[Record breaking load W]
    F --> G[Calculate R using formula]

This ensures consistent evaluation of flexural strength for quality control per IS 10132.

IS 10132: Linear Change in Concrete

Key Points & Formulas

• Measurement Age: Length change is expressed relative to length at 24 hours age (Clause 6.5.2).

• Linear Change (%) formula (Clause 5.4):

  [ \text{Linear Change} (%) = \frac{L_t - L_{24}}{L_{24}} \times 100 ]

  Where:

  • (L_t) = Length at test age (e.g., 7 or 28 days)
  • (L_{24}) = Length at 24 hours age

• Reporting: Average of six determinations at 7 and 28 days should be reported (Clause 5.5.1).

Measurement Methods (Clause 6.5.3)

• Methods must detect changes as small as 1/40 mm.
• Two recommended methods:
  • Mechanical length comparator
  • Length comparator with dial gauge

Summary Table for Linear Change Testing

flowchart LR
    A[Measure length at 24 hrs (L_24)] --> B[Measure length at test age (L_t)]
    B --> C[Calculate Linear Change %]
    C --> D[Report average of 6 specimens at 7 & 28 days]

This ensures precise monitoring of concrete expansion or contraction per IS 10132 standards.

IS 10132: Bulk Density of Calcined Magnesite

Key Points from IS 10132:

• Bulk Density Definition (Clause 7.1):
  Bulk density (ρ) is the mass per unit volume of calcined magnesite, expressed in kg/litre.

• Measurement Method (Clause 7.4.1):
  Bulk density = (Weight of specimen) / (Volume of specimen)
  The difference in weight before and after filling the volume is used to calculate density.

• Units:

  • Mass in kilograms (kg)
  • Volume in litres (L) (1 litre = 1000 cm³)
  • Bulk density in kg/L

• Dimension Measurement (Clause 6.5):
  Use a measuring microscope to measure distances between reference points (6.5 to 9.5 mm from ends).

Formula:

[ \text{Bulk Density} , (\rho) = \frac{W}{V} ]

Where:

• ( W ) = Weight of calcined magnesite (kg)
• ( V ) = Volume of the specimen (litres)

Typical Apparatus Setup (Fig. 3):

• Specimen placed in a container of known volume
• Weight measured by balance
• Volume determined by dimension measurement or displacement method

Additional Notes:

• Bulk density is crucial for mix design and quality control of magnesite-based refractory mixes.
• Ensure specimen is dry and free from voids for accurate measurement.

flowchart LR
    A[Measure Weight (W)] --> B[Measure Volume (V)]
    B --> C[Calculate Bulk Density (ρ = W/V)]
    C --> D[Express in kg/litre]

Summary:

• Measure specimen weight and volume accurately.
• Use formula (\rho = \frac{W}{V}) in kg/L.
• Follow IS 10132 Clause 7 for apparatus and measurement details.

Resin Content Calculation (IS 10132 - Clause 8.2.1.2)

To determine the percentage of resin content in fillers (oven-dried material):

[ \text{Resin Content (%)} = \frac{D - X}{D} \times 100 ]

Where:

• (X) = Weight of residue after extracting 2 g of sample (g)
• (D) = Weight of oven-dried material from 2 g sample (g)

Procedure Summary:

• Take 2 g of filler sample.
• Extract resin and weigh residue (X).
• Oven dry 2 g sample and weigh (D).
• Calculate resin content using the formula above.

Notes:

• Resin content is expressed as a percentage of the oven-dried material.
• This method ensures accurate quantification of resin in fillers.

If you need details on apparatus or moisture content, refer to Clauses 7.4.1 and Fig. 3 for bulk density and apparatus setup.

flowchart LR
    A[2 g Sample] --> B[Extract Resin]
    B --> C[Weigh Residue (X g)]
    A --> D[Oven Dry Sample]
    D --> E[Weigh Oven-dried Sample (D g)]
    C & E --> F[Calculate Resin Content % = ((D - X)/D)*100]

IS 10132: Moisture Content of Fillers - Key Points

Objective (Clause 9.1)

• Determine percentage moisture content in fillers to ensure quality and consistency.

Method Summary:

• Weigh a sample before and after oven drying.
• Calculate moisture content as the loss in weight due to drying.

Formula for Moisture Content (%):

[ \text{Moisture Content} = \frac{W_{\text{wet}} - W_{\text{dry}}}{W_{\text{wet}}} \times 100 ]

Where:

• (W_{\text{wet}}) = Weight of the wet filler sample
• (W_{\text{dry}}) = Weight of the oven-dried filler sample

Resin Content Calculation (Clause 8.2.1.2)

• Given:
  • (X) = Weight of residue after extracting 2 g sample
  • (D) = Weight after oven drying the 2 g sample
• Resin content (%) in oven-dried material: [ \text{Resin Content} = \frac{D - X}{D} \times 100 ]

Notes:

• Oven drying typically at 105 ± 5°C until constant weight.
• Follow rounding off as per IS 2:1960.
• Standard test mixes and consistency are also standardized for related tests.

flowchart TD
    A[Weigh Wet Sample (W_wet)] --> B[Oven Dry Sample at 105°C]
    B --> C[Weigh Dry Sample (W_dry)]
    C --> D[Calculate Moisture Content]
    D --> E[Use formula: ((W_wet - W_dry)/W_wet)*100]

This ensures accurate moisture and resin content measurement in fillers per IS 10132.

IS 10132 - Hardness: Key Specifications and Formulas

• Clause 10.2.3: Hardness is satisfactory if the difference between mean diameters from tests 10.2.1 and 10.2.2 is ≤ 0.5 mm.

• Testing procedure (Clause 10.2): Hardness of floor finish is compared against a pattern sample using the methods in 10.2.1 and 10.2.2 (typically involving abrasion or indentation tests).

Summary Table for Hardness Evaluation

Additional Notes:

• The mean diameter refers to the average size of the abrasion or indentation mark.
• Ensuring minimal difference confirms uniform hardness and durability of the floor finish.

If you need formulas or tables for compressive strength or other properties, please specify!

IS 10132: Compressive Strength of Calcined Magnesite - Key Points

• Specimen Size: Cubes of 70.6 mm side (Clause 11.3.1).
• Number of Specimens: Test six cubes after curing/storage (Clause 11.4).
• Test Method: Use a compression testing machine to determine breaking load (Clause 11.4).
• Calculation Formula:

[ \text{Compressive Strength (kg/cm}^2) = \frac{\text{Breaking Load (kg)}}{\text{Average Cross-sectional Area (cm}^2)} ]

• Since cube side = 7.06 cm,
  [ \text{Area} = 7.06 \times 7.06 = 49.84 \text{ cm}^2 ]

• Reporting: Average compressive strength of all six cubes reported (Clause 11.5).

Summary Table for Compressive Strength Test

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare 6 cubes (70.6 mm)] --> B[Cure & Store as per Clause 11.3.2-11.3.3]
    B --> C[Compression Test on each cube]
    C --> D[Calculate Strength = Load / 49.84 cm²]
    D --> E[Average all 6 results]
    E --> F[Report compressive strength (kg/cm²)]

This ensures uniformity and reliability in strength assessment of calcined magnesite per IS 10132.

IS 10132: Test Reporting and Data Interpretation - Key Points

1. Rounding Off Numerical Values (Clause 1.1)

• Different tests have specific rounding rules (see table below):

2. Carbon Dioxide Content (Clause 3.2 & 2.6)

• Determination of Consistency:
  • Test block placed under plunger rod.
  • Plunger lowered gently, then released to sink.
  • Trial mixes with varying solution % to find normal consistency.
  • Report CO₂ content as % by weight of dry calcined magnesite.

3. Reporting Fineness (Clause 3.5)

• Weigh residues after sieving.
• Report % passing through 150 µm and 75 µm IS sieves.

4. Units and Symbols (SI Units)

Summary Diagram: Test Reporting Flow

flowchart TD
    A[Test Sample] --> B[Perform Test]
    B --> C{Test Type}
    C -->|Carbon Dioxide| D[Measure CO₂ %]
    C -->|Fineness| E[Weigh Residues]
    C -->|Setting Time| F[Record Time]
    D --> G