The 1968 code outlines detailed procedures for choosing, fitting, and preserving timber doors and windows suitable for various building types. It addresses materials, hardware, installation techniques, surface finishing, and upkeep to ensure longevity, optimal performance, and aesthetics. This standard is invaluable for professionals engaged in timber fenestration projects.
Overview
The 1968 code outlines detailed procedures for choosing, fitting, and preserving timber doors and windows suitable for various building types. It addresses materials, hardware, installation techniques, surface finishing, and upkeep to ensure longevity, optimal performance, and aesthetics. This standard is invaluable for professionals engaged in timber fenestration projects.
Audience
Contents
Structure
Frequently Asked
IS 4913 recommends durable timber species such as teak (Tectona grandis), particularly preferred in areas vulnerable to termites and for permanent construction due to its inherent resistance. Other timber types meeting relevant Indian Standards may be selected based on purchaser requirements. Additionally, preservative treatments compliant with IS: 401-1967 enhance durability against biological deterioration. Frame materials should conform to IS: 4021-1967, while panelled and glazed shutters should comply with IS: 1003 (Parts I & II)-1966. Decorative shutters often utilize teak for aesthetic finishes requiring waxing or polishing instead of painting.
To minimize warping and moisture-related deterioration, IS 4913 advises using the Prepared Opening Method, where frames are installed into openings formed after wall construction, reducing distortion risks compared to embedding frames during wall casting. Proper handling includes avoiding dragging frames or shutters to protect surfaces and storing hardware, glass, and glazing bars as per supplier guidelines to prevent moisture exposure. Carrying timber components flat and ensuring precise openings for snug fits also contribute to durability and dimensional stability.
The standard mandates that door shutters be equipped with at least three hinges measuring 100 mm in length, positioned with one centrally and two at 25 cm from the top and bottom edges. A minimum of two fastenings such as tower bolts, hasp and staple, or mortise locks are required, with optional accessories including floor door stoppers, handles, hydraulic closers, and nameplates. Window shutters must have at least three 80 mm hinges placed near quarter heights, one fastening (like a tower bolt), and one handle. Ventilator shutters require two hinges fixed on sides or top. Fixings should use appropriate wood screws with pilot holes drilled in hard timber, and adjustments for fitting must adhere to maximum planing and cutting allowances.
The standard recommends periodic inspections, typically annually or at intervals suited to environmental conditions, to ensure structural integrity. Repainting or revarnishing should be conducted at least every two years to preserve appearance and weather resistance. Any damage identified during inspections must be promptly repaired to maintain functionality and durability.
IS 4913 outlines a finishing process starting with sanding the timber to achieve a smooth surface, followed by filling imperfections using wood putty. A suitable primer or filler such as white lead, aluminium primer, or varnish filler is applied and allowed to dry before sanding again for smoothness. Subsequently, two coats of paint or varnish are applied on both faces of the shutters and exposed wood surfaces. Decorative panels may receive varnishing or polishing treatments like French polish or wax polish. These finishes provide both protection against environmental exposure and aesthetic enhancement.
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