The IS 12089:1987 standard outlines the criteria for granulated slag utilized in producing Portland slag cement as per IS 455-1976. It details physical, chemical, and microscopic property requirements, including composition limits, glass content measurements, and moisture evaluation techniques. This specification is crucial for manufacturers and inspectors to ensure the slag's quality aligns with cement production standards.
Overview
The IS 12089:1987 standard outlines the criteria for granulated slag utilized in producing Portland slag cement as per IS 455-1976. It details physical, chemical, and microscopic property requirements, including composition limits, glass content measurements, and moisture evaluation techniques. This specification is crucial for manufacturers and inspectors to ensure the slag's quality aligns with cement production standards.
Audience
Contents
Structure
Overview of IS 12089 Scope
[ \text{Moisture Content (%)} = 100 \times \frac{(W_1 + W_2 + W_3) - (W_4 + W_5 + W_6)}{(W_1 + W_2 + W_3)} ]
Where:
(W_1, W_2, W_3) are the weights before drying
(W_4, W_5, W_6) are the weights after drying
Standard Units: SI units are required (e.g., meters for length, kilograms for mass, pascals for pressure).
Fundamental Physical Units:
| Quantity | Unit | Symbol | Relation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Force | newton | N | (1,N = 1,kg \cdot m/s^2) |
| Energy | joule | J | (1,J = 1,N \cdot m) |
| Pressure/Stress | pascal | Pa | (1,Pa = 1,N/m^2) |
This guideline directs testing, quality assurance, and harmonizes Portland slag cement production practices.
flowchart LR
A[Portland Slag Cement] --> B[Physical Attributes]
A --> C[Chemical Attributes]
A --> D[Mechanical Attributes]
B --> E[Moisture Content Assessment]
E --> F[Pre- and Post-Drying Weights]
C --> G[Chemical Composition Limits]
D --> H[Strength Criteria]
Definitions and Measurement Units under IS 12089
Moisture percentage of granulated slag is determined by:
[ \text{Moisture Content} = 100 \times \frac{(W_1 + W_2 + W_3) - (W_4 + W_5 + W_6)}{(W_1 + W_2 + W_3)} ]
Where:
flowchart LR
A[Granulated Slag Sample] --> B{Weight Measurement}
B --> C[Initial Weights: W1, W2, W3]
B --> D[Post-Drying Weights: W4, W5, W6]
C & D --> E[Calculate Moisture Percentage]
E --> F[Quality Assurance]
Refer to the complete IS 12089 document for detailed tables and additional specifications.
| Component | Maximum Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Manganese oxide (MnO) | 5.5 |
| Magnesium oxide (MgO) | 17.0 |
| Sulphide sulphur (S) | 2.0 |
Granulated slag must meet at least one of the following conditions:
Oxide percentages are determined according to IS:4032-1985.
| Expression | Minimum Requirement |
|---|---|
| ( CaO + MgO + \frac{1}{3} Al_2O_3 ) | > 1.0 |
| ( SiO_2 + \frac{2}{3} Al_2O_3 ) | > 1.0 |
| ( CaO + MgO + Al_2O_3 ) | > 1.0 |
Sampling and Preparation Details as per IS 12089
[ \text{Moisture %} = \frac{W_{\text{moist}} - W_{\text{dry}}}{W_{\text{moist}}} \times 100 ]
Where:
flowchart TD
A[Collect 5 samples (~1 kg each)] --> B[Powder ~1 mg sample]
B --> C[Add immersion liquid and cover glass]
C --> D[Examine under polarizing microscope (200x)]
D --> E[Count grains: total N1 and anisotropic N2]
A --> F[Select 3 samples (~1 kg each) for moisture]
F --> G[Weigh moist samples W1, W2, W3]
G --> H[Dry samples at 110 ± 5°C until constant weight]
H --> I[Record dry weights W4, W5, W6]
I --> J[Calculate moisture percentage]
This brief overview outlines key sampling and microscopic preparation procedures.
Summary of Supply and Testing Provisions (IS 12089)
[ \text{Moisture Content (%)} = 100 \times \frac{(W_1 + W_2 + W_3) - (W_4 + W_5 + W_6)}{(W_1 + W_2 + W_3)} ]
Where:
| Parameter | Unit | Symbol | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length | metre | m | Base unit |
| Mass | kilogram | kg | Base unit |
| Time | second | s | Base unit |
| Moisture Content | percent | % | Calculated as above |
This section ensures transparent supply, testing, and documentation of granulated slag quality.
Appendix A: Measuring Glass Content in Granulated Slag (IS 12089)
[ \text{Glass Content (%)} = 100 \times \frac{N_1 - N_2}{N_1} ]
Where:
flowchart TD
A[Prepare powdered slag on slide] --> B[Add bromoform and place cover slip]
B --> C[View under polarizing microscope (200x)]
C --> D[Total grain count (N1)]
D --> E[Examine under crossed nicols]
E --> F[Count anisotropic grains (N2)]
F --> G[Compute glass content: 100*(N1-N2)/N1]
This method assures accurate glass phase quantification as specified.
Appendix B: Determining Moisture Content in Granulated Slag (IS 12089)
[ \text{Moisture Content (%)} = \frac{W_i - W_f}{W_i} \times 100 ]
Where:
| Symbol | Description |
|---|---|
| (W_i) | Initial moist sample weight |
| (W_f) | Final dry sample weight |
Calculate for each sample and average the results.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Sample mass | Approximately 1 kg |
| Layer thickness | ≤ 3 cm |
| Drying temperature | 110 ± 5°C |
| Weighing precision | Nearest 1 gram |
| Oven type | Electric |
flowchart TD
A[Collect 3 samples (~1 kg each)] --> B[Weigh moist samples (W1, W2, W3)]
B --> C[Spread in trays (≤ 3 cm thick)]
C --> D[Dry in oven at 110 ± 5°C]
D --> E[Weigh periodically]
E --> F{Weight stable?}
F -- No --> D
F -- Yes --> G[Record dry weights (W4, W5, W6)]
G --> H[Calculate moisture content]
This procedure guarantees precise moisture content assessment as required.
Frequently Asked
IS 12089 prescribes the chemical limits for granulated slag as follows (Clauses 3.2 and 3.3):
| Component | Maximum Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Manganese oxide (MnO) | 5.5 |
| Magnesium oxide (MgO) | 17.0 |
| Sulphide sulphur (S) | 2.0 |
Additionally, the slag must satisfy at least one of the following criteria:
The insoluble residue should not exceed 5%. Testing is done as per IS 4032-1985 to ensure chemical suitability for cement use.
Per IS 12089, the glass content determination involves:
Ensuring a minimum glass content of 85% (Clause 3.4.1).
Using an optical microscope method described in Appendix A.
Preparing a polished sample of granulated slag on a slide, adding bromoform as immersion liquid.
Counting approximately 1500 total grains (N1) and the anisotropic plus opaque grains (N2) under crossed nicols.
Calculating glass content using the formula:
[ \text{Glass content (%)} = 100 \times \frac{N_1 - N_2}{N_1} ]
Rounding results per IS 2-1960 ensures consistency with specified standards.
This method verifies sufficient glassy phase for hydraulic performance.
According to IS 12089:
These requirements ensure consistent quality and suitability for Portland slag cement production.
IS 12089 Clause 5.1 and Appendix B specify that:
The purchaser and supplier must agree whether moisture content is to be determined.
If so, the method involves:
Collecting three samples of about 1 kg each.
Weighing the moist samples (W1, W2, W3).
Drying the samples at 110 ± 5°C in trays with slag thickness ≤ 3 cm until constant weight.
Recording dry weights (W4, W5, W6).
Calculating moisture content using:
[ \text{Moisture Content (%)} = \frac{W_i - W_{i+3}}{W_i} \times 100 ]
The average of the three measurements is taken, with rounding as per IS 2-1960.
This procedure standardizes moisture measurement with mutual consent.
IS 12089 recommends the following sampling method:
This approach ensures representative and standardized sampling for accurate quality assessment.
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