The 1992 edition of IS 11246 establishes the specifications for squatting pans made from glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (GRP) intended for sanitary use. It details material requirements, fabrication techniques such as contact and compression moulding, as well as performance standards including impact strength, water uptake, chemical resistance, and inspection protocols. This code is vital for manufacturers, inspectors, and engineers overseeing the design, production, and assessment of resilient, hygienic GRP squatting pans.
Overview
The 1992 edition of IS 11246 establishes the specifications for squatting pans made from glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (GRP) intended for sanitary use. It details material requirements, fabrication techniques such as contact and compression moulding, as well as performance standards including impact strength, water uptake, chemical resistance, and inspection protocols. This code is vital for manufacturers, inspectors, and engineers overseeing the design, production, and assessment of resilient, hygienic GRP squatting pans.
Audience
Contents
Structure
IS 11246 defines the scope of GRP squatting pans and specifies critical dimensions and tolerances to ensure proper fit and function. Key measurements include front and rear profile widths, vertical drop, back wall inclination, top opening length, bottom slope, overall depth, P-trap entry dimensions, and rim projection. Dimensional tolerances are ±4% for sizes 50 mm and above. These parameters ensure efficient flushing and waste passage.
This section lists applicable Indian Standards referenced within IS 11246, including those for inks, scrubbing, detergents, and glass fibre materials. It also outlines the use of the BIS Standard Mark, licensing under the BIS Act, and ongoing surveillance for compliance. Sampling plans and acceptance criteria are detailed to maintain consistent product quality.
Key terms related to GRP squatting pans and their components are standardized for clarity. Dimensions, mass, and acceptance criteria are defined to facilitate uniform understanding among manufacturers and inspectors.
Materials used include low alkali glass fibres (chopped strand mat or rovings) compatible with isophthalic unsaturated polyester resin. Gel-coat layers provide chemical resistance and pigmentation. Testing frequencies for characteristics like crazing, water absorption, and glass content are specified to ensure ongoing material quality.
Detailed requirements cover dimensional adherence, surface finish quality, and defect prevention. Sampling sizes and acceptance numbers are provided to assess product batches. Proper workmanship ensures functionality and durability, with compliance verified through BIS marking.
This section tabulates the essential dimensions of the squatting pans, such as widths, inclinations, slopes, and depths, along with minimum mass values for hand-laid and SMC pans. These criteria guarantee ergonomic design and structural integrity.
Performance parameters include minimum mass requirements, precise dimensional tolerances, and functional testing to confirm impact resistance and water absorption rates. These ensure the pans withstand practical use conditions.
Non-destructive testing methods are employed to verify product integrity without damage. Sampling and acceptance criteria based on lot size guide quality assurance. Tests include visual inspections, impact resistance, water absorption, and chemical resistance.
Pans must be wrapped in polythene and packed in sturdy cartons to prevent damage during transportation. Sampling and acceptance procedures for packed lots ensure maintained quality.
Instructions cover correct packing, marking with manufacturer details, batch numbers, and mass, as well as compliance with BIS quality controls. Dimensional and tolerance requirements are reiterated for manufacturing consistency.
Type tests validate new product designs and manufacturing changes, with specified frequencies for testing characteristics like crazing, water absorption, and glass content. Sampling sizes and acceptance limits per lot size are established to maintain product standards.
Each squatting pan must be clearly marked on the rear top exterior with the manufacturer’s name or trademark, date of manufacture, batch number, and pan mass. Sampling and acceptance criteria for marking defects ensure traceability and quality assurance.
Frequently Asked
As per IS 11246:1992, the minimum thickness of glass fibre reinforced polyester resin squatting pans, excluding the surface coat, is 1.8 mm. This thickness is achieved by layering two or more sheets of fiberglass chopped strand mat or rovings. Additionally, reinforcement is mandated at the rim and bottom outlet areas to ensure structural strength.
IS 11246 specifies the use of low alkali glass fibre, such as E-glass in the form of chopped strand mat or rovings, compatible with isophthalic unsaturated polyester resin. The resin should comply with IS 6746:1972. A pigmented gel-coat based on isophthalic polyester resin is also used to provide a chemically resistant surface layer.
Chemical resistance testing includes a scrub test involving 40,000 cycles of brush scrubbing, allowing only minor brush marks without significant surface damage. Impact resistance tests use dropping a steel ball on test pieces to check for surface cracks. Oven tests expose samples to elevated temperatures to detect crazing or cracking. Additionally, a visual ink test using water-soluble ink reveals surface defects such as cracks or pores.
Surface inspection involves applying a water-soluble ink (as per IS 1221:1971) to the cleaned surface, allowing it to dry fully, then rinsing with water. The ink trapped in any cracks, pores, or crazing becomes visible under diffused daylight or artificial lighting with illumination between 1,000 and 2,000 lux. Any ink retention indicates defects, leading to rejection.
The standard requires test pieces to withstand impact from a 225 g steel ball dropped from 150 mm on the reverse and 75 mm on the surface side without developing cracks, confirmed by ink test. For water absorption, test samples are dried, weighed, immersed in water at 27 ± 2°C for 24 hours, and weighed again. The absorption percentage is calculated, ensuring low water uptake to maintain durability.
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