bituminous compound for water-proofing and caulking purposes
1991 Edition

Overview of IS 1580 - Scope & Specifications for Bituminous Compounds

Scope Details (Clause 4.2.2)

Defines two grades of bituminous compounds with specified physical and chemical criteria for sealing and waterproofing applications.

Core Specifications (Table 1)

Key Test Methods Summary

• Flow Test (Annex A):

  • Apply a 3 mm thick bitumen layer on a 150×100×0.3 mm steel panel.
  • No vertical slip indoors at 27±2°C for 5 hours; maximum 6 mm slip at 60±1°C for 5 hours.
  • Film must remain plastic and firmly adhered after 1 hour at 0°C.

• Flexibility & Adhesion Test (Annex B):

  • Film is bent over a 25 mm diameter rod at 27±2°C without cracking or flaking.

• Consistency (Penetration) Test (Annex C):

  • Penetration measured by a 150 g cone applied for 5 seconds at specified temperature.

Additional Notes

• Testing temperatures for flexibility and adhesion are strict at 10°C.
• Results are rounded according to IS 2:1960.

flowchart TD
    A[Bituminous Compound Testing]
    A --> B[Flow Test]
    A --> C[Flexibility & Adhesion Test]
    A --> D[Consistency Test]

IS 1580 - Detailed Requirements & Testing Protocols for Bituminous Compounds

Essential Property Limits (Table 1)

Annex A: Summary of Flow Test

• Bitumen film 3 mm thick on steel panel 150×100×0.3 mm.
• No slip at 27±2°C (vertical) for 5 hours.
• Maximum slip 6 mm at 60±1°C (vertical) for 5 hours.
• Film remains plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.

Annex B: Flexibility and Adhesion Test

• Uses same specimen from flow test.
• Film bent around 25 mm diameter rod at 27±2°C.
• No cracks or flaking allowed.

Annex C: Consistency (Penetration) Test

• Penetration measured by a 150 g cone for 5 seconds.
• Cone dimensions and mass as per IS 1580 illustrations.

Additional Information

• Rounding of values as per IS 2:1960.
• Terminology follows IS 334:1982 and IS 4911:1986.

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Film] --> B[Test at 27°C for 5h]
    B --> C{No Slip?}
    C -->|Yes| D[Test at 60°C for 5h]
    D --> E{Slip ≤ 6 mm?}
    E -->|Yes| F[Cool at 0°C for 1h]
    F --> G{Film Plastic & Adherent?}
    G -->|Yes| H[Flow Test Passed]

IS 1580: Key Terminology & Property Summary

• Definitions: Based on IS 334:1982 and IS 4911:1986 covering bituminous materials and waterproofing terminology.

Property Specifications (Clause 4.2.2)

Annex A: Flow Test Highlights

• 3 mm thick film on 150×100×0.3 mm steel panel.
• No slip vertically at 27±2°C for 5 hours.
• Max 6 mm slip at 60±1°C for 5 hours.
• Remains plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.

Annex B: Flexibility and Adhesion Test

• Film bent over 25 mm diameter rod at 27±2°C.
• No cracking or flaking permitted.

Annex C: Consistency (Penetration) Test

• Penetration measured with a 150 g cone for 5 seconds.

flowchart TD
    A[Bituminous Compound] --> B[Water & Ash Content]
    A --> C[Flow Test]
    A --> D[Flexibility & Adhesion]
    A --> E[Consistency Test]

IS 1580: Material Grades and Constituent Details for Bituminous Compounds

Grades Overview:

• Grade 1: Semi-rigid, smooth, and uniform paste; suitable for application by hand, trowel, spatula, or gun.
• Grade 2: Soft consistency, homogeneous paste; applied using a putty knife.

Property Limits (Table 1):

Test Summaries:

• Flow Test (Annex A): 3 mm thick film on steel panel must not slip at 27±2°C (5 h) and slip ≤6 mm at 60±1°C (5 h); film remains plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.

• Flexibility & Adhesion (Annex B): Film must withstand bending over 25 mm rod at 27±2°C without cracking or flaking.

• Consistency (Penetration) Test (Annex C): Penetration measured with a 150 g cone applied for 5 seconds.

flowchart TD
    A[Bituminous Compound Grades] --> B[Grade 1: Semi-rigid]
    A --> C[Grade 2: Soft consistency]
    B --> D[Application: Hand, Trowel, Gun]
    C --> E[Application: Putty Knife]

IS 1580 Clause 4.2.2 - Essential Requirements for Bituminous Compounds

Annex Summaries:

• Annex A (Flow Test): 3 mm thick bitumen film on steel panel should show no slip at 27±2°C (5 h), max slip of 6 mm at 60±1°C (5 h), and remain plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.

• Annex B (Flexibility & Adhesion): Film can be bent around 25 mm rod at 27±2°C without cracking or flaking.

• Annex C (Consistency Test): Penetration measured by standard penetrometer with 150 g cone for 5 seconds.

Notes:

• Final test results rounded as per IS 2:1960.
• Refer to IS 1211, IS 1217, and IS 1209 for detailed testing procedures.

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Bitumen Film] --> B[Flow Test]
    B --> C[Flexibility & Adhesion]
    C --> D[Consistency Test]

IS 1580 - Sampling and Test Preparation Guidance

Sampling Requirements

• Minimum test sample size: 0.5 kg representative of the batch.
• Samples must accurately reflect the batch for valid testing outcomes.

Rounding of Results

• Follow guidelines of IS 2:1960 for rounding.
• Maintain the same significant figures as specified.

Key Specifications & Testing Standards

Consistency (Penetration) Test Details (Annex C)

• Cone mass: 150 ± 0.1 g.
• Penetration depth measured to 0.1 mm accuracy.
• Load applied for 5 seconds.
• Specimen is a 3 mm thick film on steel panel.

Flow Test Procedure (Annex A)

• Apply a 3 mm bitumen film on steel panel (150×100 mm).
• Check for no slip after 5 hours at 27 ± 2°C.
• Check slip ≤ 6 mm after 5 hours at 60 ± 1°C.
• Confirm film remains plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.

Flexibility and Adhesion Test (Annex B)

• Use same specimen from flow test.
• Bend film around a 25 mm diameter rod at 27 ± 2°C.
• Film must not crack or flake.

IS 1580 - Test Procedures for Bituminous Compounds

Key Test Descriptions

Annex A: Flow Test

• Prepare a 3 mm thick bitumen film on a 150×100×0.3 mm steel panel.
• No vertical slip at 27±2°C for 5 hours.
• Maximum slip of 6 mm at 60±1°C for 5 hours.
• Film must stay plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.

Annex B: Flexibility and Adhesion Test

• Use the same specimen as in flow test.
• Bend film over a 25 mm diameter rod at 27±2°C.
• No cracking or flaking permitted.

Annex C: Consistency Test (Penetration)

• Use a standard penetrometer with a 150 g cone for 5 seconds.
• Cone dimensions and weight per IS 1580 Fig. 2.
• Minimum sample size 0.5 kg.
• If penetration < 200, average three readings at 120° intervals.

Penetration Test Setup (Annex C)

graph LR
A[Penetrometer] --> B[Standard 150 g Cone]
B --> C[Specimen Surface]
A --> D[Horizontal Adjustable Table]
A --> E[Release and Clamp Mechanism]

IS 1580: Guidelines for Marking and Packaging

Marking Instructions (Clauses 8.1 & 8.2)

Containers should display:

• Manufacturer’s identity
• Material name
• Grade classification
• Manufacturing date

Optionally, containers may bear the official Standard Mark as per Clause 8.2.

Packaging and Storage (Clause 4.3)

• Must be kept in sealed containers.
• Store in dry, covered areas at ambient temperature.
• The compound maintains quality for a minimum of six months from manufacture.
• Package details are to be mutually agreed upon by manufacturer and purchaser.

Summary Table of Requirements (Clause 4.2.2)

Annex Highlights

• Annex A: Bitumen film on steel panel (150×100×0.3 mm, 3 mm thick) must not slip vertically at 27±2°C for 5 hours; max 6 mm slip at 60±1°C for 5 hours; remain plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.
• Annex B: Film must bend over 25 mm rod at 27±2°C without cracking or flaking.
• Annex C: Penetration measured using standard cone as per specifications.

IS 1580: Storage Guidelines and Durability of Bituminous Compounds

Storage Conditions (Clause 4.3 and Table 1)

• Store material in original sealed containers.
• Keep in dry, covered spaces at ambient temperature.
• Shelf life ensures retention of specified properties for at least six months from date of manufacture.
• Sampling procedures follow IS 1201:1978.
• Packaging arrangements agreed between manufacturer and purchaser.

Consistency Test (Annex C) Overview

• Sample temperature maintained at 27 ± 2°C.
• Specimen placed in penetration cup, air bubbles removed.
• Cup immersed in water bath at 27 ± 2°C for 1 hour (or 24 hours for aged sample).
• Penetration test performed with 150 ± 0.1 g cone applied for 5 seconds.
• Penetration values recorded in tenths of millimeters.

Additional Tests (Annex A & B)

• Flow Test: No slip at 27 ± 2°C for 5 hours; max 6 mm slip at 60 ± 1°C.
• Flexibility and Adhesion: No cracking or flaking when bent over 25 mm rod at 27 ± 2°C.

Penetrometer Cone Specifications (Annex C)

• Mass: 150 ± 0.1 g.
• Material: Brass or corrosion-resistant steel with hardened steel tip.
• Load applied for 5 seconds during testing.

flowchart LR
    A[Sample Preparation] --> B[Fill Penetration Cup]
    B --> C[Remove Air Bubbles]
    C --> D[Immerse in Water Bath at 27±2°C for 1h]
    D --> E[Position on Penetrometer Table]
    E --> F[Release 150g Cone for 5s]
    F --> G[Record Penetration]

Summary: Store sealed bituminous compounds in dry, ambient conditions to retain properties for six months; test consistency via penetration and ensure compliance with flow, adhesion, and flexibility standards.

IS 1580 Flow Test for Bituminous Compounds (Annex A)

Test Sample:

• Bitumen film coated on mild steel panel measuring 150 mm × 100 mm × 0.3 mm.
• Film thickness set at 3 mm.

Test Conditions and Criteria:

Flow Test Steps:

1. Apply the test film on the steel panel.
2. Position panel vertically indoors at 27 ± 2 °C for 5 hours; no slip allowed.
3. Place panel vertically in oven at 60 ± 1 °C for 5 hours; slip must not exceed 6 mm.
4. Cool panel at 0 °C for 1 hour; film must stay plastic and properly adhered.

Important Aspects:

• Verifies the adhesive and plastic properties of the bituminous compound across temperature changes.
• Critical for long-term waterproofing reliability.

flowchart TD
    A[Apply bitumen film on steel panel] --> B[Keep vertical at 27±2°C for 5h]
    B -->|No slip| C[Keep vertical at 60±1°C for 5h]
    C -->|Slip ≤ 6 mm| D[Cool at 0°C for 1h]
    D -->|Film plastic & adherent| E[Test Passed]

For further details on flexibility, adhesion, and consistency testing, consult Annex B and Annex C of IS 1580.

IS 1580 Flexibility and Adhesion Test Overview

Specifications (Table 1, Clause 4.2.2)

Note: Test conducted at a stringent temperature of 10°C.

Test Procedure (Annex B)

• Use the same steel panel (150 mm × 100 mm × 0.3 mm) with 3 mm thick bitumen film from the flow test.
• After the flow test thermal treatments (27±2°C, 60±1°C, and 0°C), bend the panel double over a 25 mm diameter rod, with the bitumen film on the outside.
• Acceptance criterion: The film must not crack or flake.

Preceding Flow Test (Annex A) Requirements

• No slip at 27±2°C for 5 hours.
• Slip ≤ 6 mm at 60±1°C for 5 hours.
• Film remains plastic and adherent after 1 hour at 0°C.

Consistency Test (Annex C)

• Penetration measured with a 150 g cone applied for 5 seconds.
• Penetration depth recorded to 0.1 mm.
• Average of three measurements at 120° intervals if penetration is less than 200.

Process Flow Diagram

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Film on Steel Panel] --> B[Perform Flow Tests at 27°C and 60°C]
    B --> C[Cold Treatment at 0°C for 1h]
    C --> D[Bend Film over 25mm Rod at 27°C]
    D --> E{Film Cracks or Flakes?}
    E -- No --> F[Pass Flexibility and Adhesion]
    E -- Yes --> G[Fail Test]

This test guarantees the compound’s resilience and bonding ability under mechanical bending and temperature stresses.

IS 1580 Consistency Test - Key Aspects and Procedure

Objective:

• To measure the depth of penetration of a standard cone into the bituminous material under a 150 g load for 5 seconds at 27±2°C.
• The penetration value expresses the material’s consistency in tenths of millimeters.

Procedure Outline (Clauses 5.1 & 5.2):

• Fill the penetration cup with the sample, ensuring removal of air pockets.
• Place the cup into a water bath maintained at 27±2°C for 1 hour (or 24 hours for aged samples).
• Position the cone tip on the specimen surface, release, and allow penetration for exactly 5 seconds.
• Record the penetration depth from the dial gauge.

Specification Limits (Annex C & Table 1):

Additional Measurement Notes (Clause 5.3):

• For penetration values under 200, average three readings spaced 120° apart on the same specimen.
• For penetration over 200, test individual containers separately.

Cone Specifications (Fig. 2 Summary):

• Made of brass or corrosion-resistant steel with a hardened steel tip.
• Total moving mass: 150 ± 0.1 g.

flowchart TD
    A[Prepare Sample] --> B[Fill Penetration Cup]
    B --> C[Remove Air Pockets]
    C --> D[Immerse in Water Bath at 27±2°C for 1h or 24h]
    D --> E[Position Cone on Surface]
    E --> F[Release Cone for 5s]
    F --> G[Record Penetration Depth]
    G --> H{Penetration < 200?}
    H -- Yes --> I[Take 3 Readings at 120° and Average]
    H -- No --> J[Test Separate Containers]