Specification for apparatus for use in measurement of length change of hardened cement paste, mortar and concrete
1980 Edition

Overview of Scope and Essential Requirements for Length Change Measurement Devices

Scope:

• Defines apparatus for assessing dimensional changes in hardened cement paste, mortar, and concrete.
• Applicable for tests involving drying shrinkage, moisture movement, alkali reactivity, and drying shrinkage in Portland pozzolana cement.
• Ensures consistent and reproducible outcomes through standardized equipment.

Principal Specifications & Materials (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

• All mild steel parts not in direct contact must receive anti-corrosive treatment including painting, nitriding, or phosphating.
• Dimensional values conform to nominal sizes with tolerances per IS 2102 (Part 1):1980.

Additional Important Points:

• Used in testing methods specified by IS 1199, IS 2386 (Part VII), and IS 4031.
• Final readings rounded according to IS 2:1960.
• The yoke end opposite the micrometer features an anvil with a cylindrical or conical recess.

Diagrammatic Representation of Apparatus Components

graph LR
Base[Base: Channel Mild Steel] --> Yoke[Yoke: Threaded Mild Steel]
Yoke --> ReferenceBar[Reference Bar: Hardened Stainless Steel]
Yoke --> Micrometer[Micrometer Screw Gauge]
Base --> Bracket[Bracket: Mild Steel]
ReferenceBar -.-> RubberTube[Rubber Tube]

This standard guarantees precision and uniformity in apparatus for measuring length changes in cement and concrete.

Overview of IS 9459 Apparatus - Core Specifications

Materials Used in Length Comparator (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

• All mild steel parts not directly involved in measurement must undergo anti-corrosion processes such as painting, nitriding, or phosphating.

Dimensional Tolerances (Clause 3.3)

• Unless stated otherwise, general tolerances adhere to IS 2102 (Part 1):1980 for nominal dimensions.

Notes:

• Term "yoke" replaces former "pillars" terminology.
• Reference bar ends are critical for measurement accuracy, being heat-treated, hardened, and polished.
• The apparatus is intended for monitoring length changes in hardened cement paste, mortar, and concrete during drying shrinkage and moisture movement tests.

Apparatus Component Diagram

graph LR
Base --> Yoke
Yoke --> Bracket
Bracket --> ReferenceBar
ReferenceBar --> Micrometer
RubberTube -.-> Base

This configuration ensures accurate length change measurement in compliance with IS 9459.

Key Construction and Dimension Elements in IS 9459

• Clause 3.3: Dimensions stated are nominal except where specific tolerances are indicated, following standard engineering tolerance practices.

• Clause 4.1 & Table 1: Material Details

• Additional notes:

  • Mild steel parts not involved in measurement must be protected against corrosion (painting, nitriding, phosphating).
  • Ends of the reference bar are hardened and polished to guarantee measurement precision.

• Typical dimensional notes:

  • The adjustable length comparator incorporates a screw/dial micrometer and a reference bar.
  • The yoke end opposite the micrometer features an anvil with cylindrical or conical recess for specimen contact.

Diagram of Construction Components

graph LR
Base[Channel Mild Steel] --> Pillars[Threaded Mild Steel]
Pillars --> Bracket[Mild Steel]
Bracket --> ReferenceBar[Hardened Stainless Steel]
ReferenceBar --> MicrometerScrewGauge
MicrometerScrewGauge --> Anvil[Cylindrical/Conical Recess]
RubberTube -.-> ReferenceBar

This summary aids in the selection of materials, design, and fabrication of length comparators according to IS 9459.

Material Requirements for Length Comparator per IS 9459 (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

Additional Information:

• All mild steel parts not in direct working contact require anti-corrosion treatment such as painting, nitriding, or phosphating.
• Reference bar must be calibrated at a defined temperature and supplied with calibration charts.
• The central 100 mm portion of the reference bar is covered with a 6 mm thick rubber tube for thermal insulation.

Component Material Diagram

graph TD
LengthComparator --> Base[Base: Channel Mild Steel]
LengthComparator --> Pillars[Yoke: Threaded Mild Steel]
LengthComparator --> Bracket[Mild Steel]
LengthComparator --> ReferenceBar[Reference Bar: Stainless Steel, Heat-treated Ends]
ReferenceBar --> RubberTube[Rubber Tube for Insulation]

This ensures robustness, dimensional stability, and measurement accuracy for cement and concrete specimens.

Marking Requirements for Apparatus per IS 9459

Clause 5.1: Mandatory Markings

• Manufacturer’s name or trademark
• Date of manufacture

Clause 5.1.1: Optional Markings

• The apparatus may optionally carry the Standard Mark (BIS certification symbol).

Clause 5.2: Use of Standard Mark

• Controlled under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986.
• Licensing for use of the Standard Mark can be obtained from BIS.

Summary Table of Marking Elements

Contact Information for Licensing

• BIS regional offices located in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, among others.
• Refer to Clause 5.2 for detailed addresses and contact numbers.

Marking Flowchart

flowchart TD
Apparatus --> ManufacturerName[Mark Manufacturer Name/Trademark]
Apparatus --> ManufactureDate[Mark Date of Manufacture]
Apparatus --> OptionalMark{Optional}
OptionalMark --> StandardMark[Standard Mark (BIS)]
StandardMark --> License[License from BIS]

This marking system ensures traceability and conformity with IS 9459 requirements.

Calibration and Accuracy Requirements per IS 9459

Reference Bar Specifications (Clause 3.2)

• Made of stainless steel with thermal expansion coefficient ≤ 2×10⁻⁶ /°C.
• Dimensions: Diameter 12 mm; Length either 300 ± 1.3 mm or 150 ± 1.5 mm.
• Ends: Machined to 6 mm spherical or fitted with 6 mm balls; ends are hardened, polished, and heat-treated.
• The central 100 mm section is covered with a 6 mm thick rubber tube for thermal insulation.
• Provided with calibration charts for temperature-related length corrections.
• Includes a position mark near one end for consistent placement.

Materials for Length Comparator (Clause 4.1, Table 1)

Accuracy and Rounding (Clause 0.5)

• Final measurement values must be rounded off according to IS 2:1960.
• Maintain significant figures consistent with the specified precision.

Thermal Expansion Correction Formula

[ L_{T} = L_{0} \times [1 + \alpha (T - T_{0})] ]

Where:

• (L_{T}) = length at temperature (T)
• (L_{0}) = length at standard temperature (T_{0})
• (\alpha) = coefficient of thermal expansion (≤ 2×10⁻⁶ /°C)

Reference Bar Setup Diagram

graph LR
ReferenceBar[Reference Bar] --> StainlessSteel[Stainless Steel, Ø12 mm]
ReferenceBar --> LengthSpec[Length 150 or 300 mm ± tolerance]
ReferenceBar --> Ends[6 mm spherical, hardened & polished ends]
ReferenceBar --> Insulation[Central 100 mm insulated with 6 mm rubber tube]
ReferenceBar --> Calibration[Calibration charts for temperature correction]

Ensures precise and repeatable length measurements with thermal compensation.

Installation and Setup Guidelines for Length Change Measurement Apparatus per IS 9459

1. Materials (Clause 4.1, Table 1):

2. Reference Bar Details (Clause 3.2):

• Stainless steel with coefficient of thermal expansion ≤ 2×10⁻⁶ /°C.
• Diameter: 20 mm; Length: 150 ± 1.5 mm or 300 ± 1.3 mm.
• Ends: 6 mm spherical diameter, heat-treated and polished.
• Middle 100 mm covered with 6 mm thick rubber tube for thermal insulation.
• Supplied with calibration charts for temperature correction.

3. Dimensional Tolerances (Clause 3.3):

• General tolerances conform to IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980 for linear and angular dimensions.

4. Setup Summary:

• Use a length comparator equipped with a micrometer screw gauge.
• The yoke end opposite the micrometer contains an anvil with cylindrical or conical recess.
• The entire assembly is mounted on a stable base with the yoke threaded for fine positional adjustments.

Simplified Setup Diagram

graph LR
Base[Base (Channel Mild Steel)] --> Yoke[Yoke (Threaded Mild Steel)]
Yoke --> ReferenceBar[Reference Bar (Stainless Steel)]
ReferenceBar --> Micrometer[Micrometer Screw Gauge]
ReferenceBar --> RubberTube[Rubber Tube Insulation]

Thermal Correction Formula

[ L_{T} = L_{0} \times [1 + \alpha (T - T_{0})] ]

• (L_{T}): Length at temperature (T)
• (L_{0}): Length at standard temperature (T_{0})
• (\alpha): Coefficient of thermal expansion (≤ 2×10⁻⁶ /°C)

Note: Anti-corrosion treatment is mandatory for all mild steel parts.

Operational Specifications and Materials for Length Change Measurement Apparatus per IS 9459

Materials Breakdown (Clause 4.1, Table 1):

Additional Notes:

• Non-measuring mild steel components must be treated against corrosion by painting, nitriding, or phosphating.
• Dimensional tolerances adhere to IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980 unless otherwise specified.
• The apparatus is intended for measuring length changes such as drying shrinkage and moisture movement in hardened cement paste, mortar, and concrete.

Operational Highlights:

• The yoke end opposite the micrometer is fitted with an anvil featuring a cylindrical or conical recess to ensure proper specimen contact.
• Micrometer screw gauge specifications and setup are in accordance with detailed standard figures.
• Assembly must maintain specified tolerances and adjustments to guarantee measurement accuracy.

Component Diagram

graph LR
Base[Channel Mild Steel] --> Pillars[Yoke: Mild Steel, Threaded]
Pillars --> Bracket[Mild Steel]
Bracket --> ReferenceBar[Stainless Steel, Hardened Ends]
ReferenceBar --> MicrometerScrewGauge
Pillars --> RubberTube

For detailed tolerances and setup, consult IS 9459 and IS 2102 (Part 1).

Maintenance and Care Instructions per IS 9459:1980 for Length Change Measurement Apparatus

Material Protection:

• All mild steel parts not directly involved in measurement must be treated with anti-corrosive finishes such as painting, nitriding, or phosphating, as prescribed by relevant IS standards.
• Reference bar ends are constructed from heat-treated, hardened, and polished stainless steel to ensure durability.

Dimensional Tolerances:

• Nominal dimensions must adhere to tolerances specified in IS 2102 (Part 1):1980 for linear and angular measurements unless otherwise noted.

Maintenance Guidelines:

• Cleaning: Regularly remove dust and moisture to prevent corrosion and maintain measurement accuracy.
• Lubrication: Light lubrication of micrometer screws and moving parts is recommended to facilitate smooth functioning.
• Calibration: Periodically verify the reference bar length and micrometer accuracy against certified standards.
• Storage: Keep the apparatus in a dry, dust-free environment to avoid rust and damage.

Materials Table (Clause 4.1)

Maintenance Cycle Diagram

graph LR
Inspection --> Cleaning --> Lubrication --> Calibration --> Storage --> Inspection

Following these maintenance practices ensures the apparatus maintains precision and longevity per IS 9459 standards.

Safety and Handling Recommendations for IS 9459:1980 Apparatus

Materials and Corrosion Protection (Clause 4.1 and Notes):

• Base: Channel mild steel (IS: 226-1975)
• Pillars/Yoke: Mild steel (IS: 226-1975), threaded for adjustment
• Bracket: Mild steel (IS: 226-1975)
• Reference Bar: Stainless steel, ends heat-treated, hardened, polished
• Rubber Tube: Rubber
• All mild steel components not directly involved in measurement require anti-corrosive treatment (painting, nitriding, phosphating) per applicable IS standards.

Dimensional Tolerances (Clause 3.3):

• Use nominal dimensions with tolerances as per IS 2102 (Part 1):1980 for linear and angular measurements unless otherwise specified.

Handling Best Practices:

• Handle reference bars cautiously to avoid damaging the critical polished surfaces.
• Adjust threaded components such as pillars/yoke gently to prevent mechanical damage.
• Store the apparatus in a clean, dry location to minimize corrosion risks.
• Apply protective coatings on mild steel parts to extend the service life of the instrument.

Materials and Special Requirements Summary

flowchart TD
Apparatus --> Base[Base: Mild Steel]
Apparatus --> Yoke[Pillars/Yoke: Mild Steel, Threaded]
Apparatus --> Bracket[Bracket: Mild Steel]
Apparatus --> ReferenceBar[Reference Bar: Stainless Steel, Heat-treated]
Apparatus --> RubberTube[Rubber Tube]
Base & Yoke & Bracket --> AntiCorrosion[Anti-corrosive Treatment]
ReferenceBar --> HandleCare[Handle with Care]

Refer to IS 2102 (Part 1):1980 for detailed tolerance requirements. Proper handling and corrosion protection are crucial for maintaining measurement accuracy.

References and Related Standards for IS 9459

• Clause 3.3: Dimensions must comply with tolerances defined in IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980 — General tolerances for linear and angular dimensions.

• Referenced Standards:

• Material Specifications (Table 1):

• Mild steel parts not involved in direct measurement require anti-corrosive treatment.
• Reference bar: Stainless steel, length 150 or 300 mm ± tolerances, with 6 mm diameter spherical ends, heat-treated and polished.
• Thermal expansion coefficient of reference bar ≤ 2 × 10⁻⁶ /°C.

Thermal Expansion Formula

[ \Delta L = L_0 \times \alpha \times \Delta T ]

Where:

• (\Delta L): Change in length
• (L_0): Original length (150 or 300 mm)
• (\alpha): Thermal expansion coefficient (≤ 2 × 10⁻⁶ /°C)
• (\Delta T): Temperature difference

This formula is essential for temperature compensation in length measurements.

Amendments and Updates to IS 9459

Amendment No. 1 (November 1984):

• Clause 3.1: The yoke end opposite the micrometer must include an anvil with a cylindrical or conical recess.
• Clause 3.1.1: Terminology changed from "frame" to "yoke".
• Clause 3.2: Reference bar dimension changed from 20 mm to 12 mm diameter.
• Figure 1: The term "Pillar" replaced by "Yoke".
• Table 1, Sl. No. (i): Channel steel sections must be ISLC 150 or ISMC 150 conforming to IS:226-1975.

Amendment No. 2 (April 1993):

• Clause 3.3: Unspecified tolerances are to follow IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980.
• Table 1: "Pillars" terminology replaced by "Yoke" in item (ii).
• Removal of phrase "conforming to relevant Indian Standards" from notes.

Material Specifications (Table 1):

• Non-measuring mild steel parts must have anti-corrosive treatment (painting, nitriding, phosphating).

Tolerances:

• General linear/angular tolerances follow IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980 unless otherwise stated.

Apparatus Components Diagram

graph LR
Base[Channel Mild Steel] --> Yoke[Threaded Mild Steel Yoke]
Yoke --> Bracket[Mild Steel Bracket]
Bracket --> ReferenceBar[Hardened Stainless Steel Reference Bar]
ReferenceBar --> MicrometerAnvil[Micrometer End with Anvil]
Yoke --> RubberTube

Ensure the latest amendments are integrated for compliant fabrication and usage.