IS 134681992AI Search Enabled✦ AI Generated

Apparatus for determination of dry density of soil by core cutter method-
1992 Edition

The standard defines the specifications for equipment employed in measuring the in-situ dry density of soil using the core cutter technique. It outlines the construction, materials, size, and identification of the cylindrical core cutter, steel dolly, and steel rammer, mainly intended for fine-grained or compact natural soils without coarse inclusions. This guideline is vital for civil and geotechnical experts to guarantee precise and dependable field soil density assessments.

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26Clauses Indexed
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1992Edition
Soil and Foundation EngineeringCategory
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What This Standard Covers

The standard defines the specifications for equipment employed in measuring the in-situ dry density of soil using the core cutter technique. It outlines the construction, materials, size, and identification of the cylindrical core cutter, steel dolly, and steel rammer, mainly intended for fine-grained or compact natural soils without coarse inclusions. This guideline is vital for civil and geotechnical experts to guarantee precise and dependable field soil density assessments.

Who Uses This Standard

  • Geotechnical specialists
  • Civil infrastructure engineers
  • Soil testing lab personnel
  • Construction quality assurance officers
  • Foundation design engineers
  • Field data collection surveyors
  • Soil mechanics research experts

Key Topics Covered

Design and component specifications of apparatus
Material criteria for core cutter, dolly, and rammer
Dimensional accuracy and manufacturing standards
Equipment labeling and identification protocols
Steel case hardening and material properties
Integration with IS 2720 Part 29 soil testing procedures
Production and quality assurance procedures
Application of BIS standard marks and certification
Assembly and handling instructions for apparatus
Safety, durability, and maintenance considerations
Cross-reference to related Indian Standards
Calibration and upkeep of testing equipment

Table of Contents

1Scope of Application

Scope and Key Specifications (Clause 3.1)


1.1 Equipment Material Specifications (Table 1)

ComponentMaterial TypeSpecial ConditionApplicable IS Standard
Core Cutter (seamless steel tube)Case-hardened steelCutting edge hardened to ≥ 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
Dolly (with fitting lip)Case-hardened steelNo additional treatmentIS 4432:1988
RammerSteelNo special treatmentIS 1875:1978
Rammer Handle (Handic)Mild steel tubePush fit or screwed assemblyIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

1.2 Dimensions and Allowable Deviations (Clause 4.1)

  • Refer to Figures 1 through 3 for detailed dimensions (figures not included).
  • All measurements in millimeters (mm).
  • Dimensional variations as per IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980, medium tolerance class.

1.3 Marking Requirements (Clause 5.1.1)

  • Apparatus may display the BIS Standard Mark under licensing agreements.

1.4 Referenced Indian Standards (Clause 2.1)

  • IS 1239 (Part 1): 1990 — Mild steel tubes
  • IS 1875: 1978 — Carbon steel billets and bars for forgings
  • IS 4432: 1988 — Case hardening steel specifications
  • IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980 — Dimension tolerances

Material Specification Flowchart

graph TD
A[Apparatus Components] --> B[Core Cutter]
A --> C[Dolly]
A --> D[Rammer]
A --> E[Handle]

B --> F[Case Hardened Steel, Tip ≥ 40 HRC]
C --> G[Case Hardened Steel]
D --> H[Steel]
E --> I[Mild Steel Tube]

Note: Use this standard alongside referenced IS codes for complete guidance on design, materials, and tolerances.

2Referenced Standards and Materials

2.1 Indian Standards Referenced (Clause 2.1)

IS NumberDescription
IS 1239 (Part 1):1990Specifications for mild steel tubes and fittings
IS 1875:1978Standards for carbon steel billets and bars for forging
IS 2102 (Part 1):1980General tolerance specifications for dimensions (medium class)
IS 4432:1988Guidelines for case hardening steels

2.2 Equipment Materials Summary (Table 1, Clause 3.1)

PartMaterialSpecial ConditionIS Standard Reference
Core CutterCase hardening steelCutting edge hardened to ≥ 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
DollyCase hardening steelNo special conditionIS 4432:1988
RammerSteelNo special conditionIS 1875:1978
Rammer Handle (Handic)Mild steel tubePush fitted or screwedIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

2.3 Dimensional Accuracy (Clause 4.1)

  • Follow figures 1 to 3 for size details.
  • Apply medium class tolerances from IS 2102 (Part 1):1980.

2.4 Marking Protocol (Clause 5.1.1)

  • Equipment may bear BIS Standard Mark certifying compliance.

Summary Table

AspectDetail
MaterialsIS 1239, IS 1875, IS 4432
TolerancesIS 2102 (Part 1):1980, Medium class
Hardening RequirementCutter tip hardness ≥ 40 HRC
MarkingBIS Standard Mark (optional)
3Material Specifications for Apparatus Components

Material Details for Core Cutter Apparatus (IS 13468)

Table 1: Construction Materials

Equipment ElementMaterial TypeSpecial RequirementRelevant IS Code
Core Cutter (seamless bevelled tube)Case-hardened steelCutting edge hardened to min 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
Dolly (with lip for cutter mounting)Case-hardened steelNoneIS 4432:1988
RammerSteelNoneIS 1875:1978
Rammer Handle (Handic)Mild steel tubePush fit or screwed connectionIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

Notes:

  • Case hardening enhances wear resistance, critical for cutter tip durability.
  • Minimum hardness of 40 HRC is mandated for cutting edges.
  • Dimensions and manufacturing tolerances conform to IS 2102 (Part 1):1980 (medium class).
  • Mild steel tubes used for handles comply with IS 1239 (Part 1):1990.
  • Structural steel components meet IS 1875:1978 standards.

Material Flow Diagram

flowchart TD
    X[Apparatus Parts] --> Y[Core Cutter: Case Hardened Steel, 40 HRC Tip]
    X --> Z[Dolly: Case Hardened Steel]
    X --> A[Rammer: Steel]
    X --> B[Handle: Mild Steel Tube]

This ensures strength, durability, and compliance with IS 13468.

4Dimensions and Permissible Deviations

Apparatus Dimensions and Tolerance Guidelines (IS 13468)

4.1 Dimensional Standards (Clause 4.1)

  • Refer to Figures 1 to 3 (not included here) for precise dimensions.
  • All sizes are nominal values expressed in millimeters.
  • Dimensional tolerances follow IS 2102 (Part 1):1980, medium tolerance grade for linear and angular measurements.

4.2 Material and Construction Details

ComponentMaterialSpecial FeatureApplicable IS
Core Cutter (bevelled seamless tube)Case hardening steelTip hardened to ≥ 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
Dolly (steel with lip)Case hardening steelNoneIS 4432:1988
RammerSteelNoneIS 1875:1978
Rammer Handle (Handic)Mild steel tubePush fitted or screwedIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

4.3 Reference Standards (Clause 2.1)

  • IS 2102 (Part 1):1980 – General dimensional tolerances.
  • IS 4432:1988 – Case-hardening steel specifications.
  • IS 1875:1978 – Steel billets and bars.
  • IS 1239 (Part 1):1990 – Mild steel tubes.

4.4 Typical Tolerances from IS 2102 (Medium Class)

Nominal Size Range (mm)Permitted Variation (± mm)
Up to 100.1
10 to 300.2
30 to 1000.3
100 to 3000.5

Notes:

  • Edges on cutter tips are hardened and corners rounded off.
  • Equipment markings must comply with BIS quality standards.
graph TD
Apparatus --> Cutter
Apparatus --> Dolly
Apparatus --> Rammer
Apparatus --> Rammer_Handle

Cutter --> Hardened_Steel
Dolly --> Hardened_Steel
Rammer --> Steel
Rammer_Handle --> Mild_Steel
5Identification and Marking of Equipment

Marking Requirements for Core Cutter Apparatus (IS 13468)

Clause 5.1 - Marking Details

  • Each piece of equipment shall bear a permanent and legible mark including:
    • Manufacturer’s name and/or registered trademark.
    • Unique serial number for product identification.

Clause 5.1.1 - BIS Standard Mark

  • The apparatus may optionally display the BIS Standard Mark, confirming adherence to Indian Standards.
  • This marking assures quality control and ongoing inspection by BIS authorities.

Materials Summary (Table 1)

PartMaterialSpecial NotesIS Code
Core CutterCase hardening steelHardened tip with ≥ 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
DollyCase hardening steelNoneIS 4432:1988
RammerSteelNoneIS 1875:1978
Rammer HandleMild steel tubePush fitted or concentric screwIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

Additional Notes

  • Markings must withstand normal use and remain readable during service life.
  • Use of the BIS Standard Mark is regulated under the BIS Act, 1986.

Marking Flowchart

flowchart TD
    Equipment --> Manufacturer_Mark
    Equipment --> Serial_Number
    Equipment -->|Optional| BIS_Standard_Mark
    BIS_Standard_Mark --> Quality_Confirmation
6Manufacturer Identification and Licensing

Manufacturer Identification Requirements (IS 13468 - Clause 5.1)

  • Equipment must be permanently marked with:
    • Manufacturer’s name and/or registered trademark.
    • Serial number for traceability.

Optional BIS Standard Mark (Clause 5.1.1)

  • Equipment may carry the BIS Standard Mark signaling compliance.
  • This mark is granted under license as per BIS Act 1986.

Material Specifications Recap (Table 1)

Equipment PartMaterial TypeSpecial RequirementsReference IS
Core CutterCase hardened steelHardened tip ≥ 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
DollyCase hardened steelNoneIS 4432:1988
RammerSteelNoneIS 1875:1978
Rammer HandleMild steel tubePush fit/screwedIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

Notes on BIS Mark Licensing

  • Ensures product conformity through inspection and testing.
  • Requires active license and adherence to BIS quality audits.

Manufacturer Identification Workflow

flowchart TD
  Equipment --> Marking
  Marking --> Manufacturer_Name
  Marking --> Serial_Number
  Marking -->|Optional| BIS_Standard_Mark
  Equipment --> Material_Specifications
  Material_Specifications --> Core_Cutter
  Material_Specifications --> Dolly
  Material_Specifications --> Rammer
  Material_Specifications --> Rammer_Handle
7Quality Assurance and Certification

Quality and Certification Overview (IS 13468)

7.1 Certification and Standard Mark

  • The apparatus may be authorized to bear the BIS Standard Mark.
  • This mark guarantees:
    • Conformity with IS 13468 and associated Indian Standards.
    • Manufacturing under a stringent quality management system.
    • Continuous surveillance and testing by BIS.
  • Licensing is governed by the BIS Act, 1986.

7.2 Material Compliance (Reference Table 1)

Equipment ComponentMaterialSpecial ConditionIS Standard
Core CutterCase hardening steelHardened tip ≥ 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
DollyCase hardening steelNoneIS 4432:1988
RammerSteelNoneIS 1875:1978
Rammer HandleMild steel tubePush fitted or screwedIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

7.3 Related Standards

  • IS 4432:1988 – Case hardening steels
  • IS 1875:1978 – Steel billets and bars
  • IS 1239 (Part 1):1990 – Mild steel tubes

7.4 Summary Quality Control Process

flowchart TD
    Manufacturer --> Production_Under_IS_13468
    Production_Under_IS_13468 --> Quality_Control
    Quality_Control --> BIS_Inspection
    BIS_Inspection -->|Pass| License_Grant
    BIS_Inspection -->|Fail| Rectification_Process
    License_Grant --> Continuous_BIS_Monitoring

This ensures the apparatus meets durability, reliability, and safety standards.

8Annexures: Illustrations and Diagrams

Annexures: Equipment Figures and Material Details (IS 13468)

8.1 Material Table (Table 1)

ComponentMaterial TypeSpecial NotesIS Reference
Core Cutter (Fig. 1)Case hardened steelTip hardened ≥ 40 HRCIS 4432:1988
Dolly (Fig. 2)Case hardened steelIncludes lip for cutter fitIS 4432:1988
Rammer (Fig. 3)SteelNoneIS 1875:1978
Rammer HandleMild steel tubePush fitted or screwedIS 1239 (Part 1):1990

8.2 Dimensions and Tolerances (Clause 4.1)

  • Dimensions as per Figures 1 to 3.
  • Tolerances apply as per IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980, medium class.
  • All sizes in millimeters.
  • Cutter edges hardened with rounded corners.

8.3 Marking (Clause 5.1.1)

  • Equipment may bear BIS Standard Mark verifying compliance.

Equipment Component Flow

graph LR
CoreCutter --> Dolly
Dolly --> Rammer
Rammer --> Handle

Note: For exact dimension details and diagrams, consult IS 13468 Figures 1-3 and IS 2102 for tolerances.

Popular Questions About IS 13468

?What materials are designated for the core cutter and rammer under IS 13468?

IS 13468 outlines the apparatus specifications for determining dry soil density using the core cutter approach but does not explicitly list the materials in some clauses. Generally, based on standard protocols and IS 2720 (Part 29):

  • The core cutter is typically manufactured from mild steel or stainless steel, offering strength and corrosion resistance.
  • The rammer and dolly are made of steel, often subjected to hardening or tempering to endure repeated impacts.

Key considerations include rigidity, durability, and resistance to corrosion to maintain dimensional precision and ensure accurate volume measurement.

ComponentMaterialPurpose
Core CutterMild or stainless steelDurability and corrosion resistance
RammerHardened steelImpact durability
DollyHardened steelRobustness

This selection enables precise and reproducible soil density testing.

?What are the dimensional tolerances prescribed for the apparatus components?

The dimensional specifications and tolerances for the apparatus parts are detailed in Figures 1 to 3 of IS 13468. All measurements are nominal and expressed in millimeters.

Tolerances adhere to IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980, medium tolerance class, for both linear and angular dimensions. Typical components include:

  • Core cutter: seamless steel tube with bevelled end
  • Dolly: steel with fitting lip
  • Rammer: steel
  • Rammer handle (handic): mild steel tube

Summary of tolerance guidelines:

ComponentDimension ReferenceTolerance Standard
All apparatus partsFigures 1 to 3IS 2102 (Part 1): 1980, Medium Class

Example tolerances from IS 2102 Medium Class:

Nominal Size (mm)Allowed Deviation (± mm)
Up to 300.2
30 to 1200.3
120 to 4000.5

Always refer to the latest IS 13468 edition and IS 2102 for precise dimensioning and tolerancing.

?How is the equipment marked to ensure traceability and standard compliance?

According to IS 13468 Clause 5.1, each apparatus must bear clear, permanent markings including:

  • The manufacturer's name and/or registered trademark
  • A unique serial number for product traceability

Clause 5.1.1 allows the apparatus to optionally carry the BIS Standard Mark, indicating verified conformity with Indian Standards and ongoing BIS supervision.

Summary of marking elements:

Marking ElementPurpose
Manufacturer name/trademarkIdentifies producer and ensures accountability
Serial numberEnables product traceability
BIS Standard MarkCertifies compliance and quality control

Markings must be durable and legible throughout the equipment’s operational lifespan.

?Which soil types are appropriate for testing with the core cutter method apparatus?

The core cutter apparatus as per IS 13468 is suitable primarily for:

  • Fine-grained natural or compacted soils such as clays, silts, and fine sands.
  • Soils devoid of coarse aggregates like gravel or stones.

Key details:

  • The apparatus components include a cylindrical core cutter, steel dolly, and steel rammer.
  • It is designed for in-situ dry density measurement.
  • Not recommended for coarse-grained soils containing large aggregates, as these can compromise volume accuracy.

Summary:

Soil TypeSuitability for Core Cutter Method
Fine-grained soilsSuitable
Compacted soilsSuitable
Aggregate-bearing soilsNot suitable

This aligns with IS 2720 (Part 29) guidelines for dry density testing.

?What is the relationship between IS 13468 and IS 2720 (Part 29) regarding soil density tests?

IS 13468 (1992) specifies the detailed requirements for apparatus used in determining soil dry density through the core cutter method. Conversely, IS 2720 (Part 29) outlines the procedural methodology for conducting the in-situ dry density test using the core cutter technique.

In essence:

StandardFocus Area
IS 13468Equipment specifications for core cutter method
IS 2720 (Part 29)Test procedure for soil dry density determination

This pairing ensures that both the apparatus and testing methodology are standardized, promoting consistent and accurate soil density measurements.

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